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Medicina
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Aortic Stenosis: Diagnosis and Clinical Management
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Aortic Stenosis: Diagnosis and Clinical Management

A special issue of Medicina (ISSN 1648-9144). This special issue belongs to the section "Cardiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2025) | Viewed by 3308

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Tsung‐Ying Tsai

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
CORRIB Research Centre for Advanced Imaging and Core Laboratory, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
Interests: cardiology; ischemic heart diseases; interventional cardiology; structural heart interventions; acute cardiovascular care; coronary microcirculation; heart failure; machine learning; gut microbiota
Dr. Ali Aldujeli

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor Assistant
1. CORRIB Research Centre for Advanced Imaging and Core Lab, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
2. Department of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
3. Bon Secours Hospital Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
Interests: cardiology; ischemic heart diseases; interventional cardiology; structural heart interventions; acute cardiovascular care; coronary microcirculation; heart failure; machine learning; gut microbiota

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Topic Background and History:
Aortic stenosis (AS) is one of the most common and serious valvular heart diseases, particularly among the aging population. Historically, surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) was the gold standard for treatment. However, over the past two decades, advancements in diagnostic imaging, minimally invasive techniques, and transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) have revolutionized the management of AS. Despite these innovations, challenges remain in early diagnosis, risk stratification, and optimizing treatment strategies for diverse patient populations.

Aim and Scope of this Special Issue:
This Special Issue of Medicina aims to provide a comprehensive exploration of the latest advancements in the diagnosis, clinical management, and treatment of aortic stenosis. It will serve as a platform for clinicians, researchers, and healthcare professionals to share cutting-edge research, discuss emerging therapies, and address unresolved challenges in the field. By fostering interdisciplinary collaboration, this Special Issue seeks to improve patient outcomes and refine clinical guidelines.

Cutting-Edge Research:
The Special Issue will highlight groundbreaking studies in areas such as advanced cardiovascular imaging (e.g., 3D echocardiography, cardiac MRI), novel biomarkers for early detection, and innovations in TAVR technology. Additionally, it will explore the role of artificial intelligence in risk prediction, the impact of multidisciplinary heart team approaches, and the long-term outcomes of emerging therapies.

What Kind of Papers We Are Soliciting:
We invite original research articles and review papers that contribute to the understanding and management of aortic stenosis, covering topics including but not limited to the following:

  • Advances in diagnostic imaging and hemodynamic assessment;
  • Comparative studies of TAVR vs. SAVR;
  • Personalized medicine and risk stratification;
  • Pathophysiology and progression of AS;
  • Innovations in perioperative and postoperative care;
  • Patient-centered outcomes and quality of life.

Dr. Tsung‐Ying Tsai
Guest Editor

Dr. Ali Aldujeli
Guest Editor Assistant

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Medicina is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • aortic stenosis
  • echocardiography
  • transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR)
  • surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR)
  • hemodynamics
  • valvular heart disease
  • cardiovascular imaging
  • guideline-directed therapy
  • prognosis
  • multidisciplinary care

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 685 KB  
Article
Performance of XL Sizes of Myval Balloon-Expandable Valve in Real-World Patients with Extremely Large Aortic Annuli
by Kasparas Briedis, Kristina Morkūnaitė, Norvydas Zapustas, Evelina Zarambaitė, Žilvinas Krivickas, Sandra Kmitaitė, Agnė Rimkutė, Klaudija Tvaronavičiūtė, Kamilija Briedė, Urtė Lukauskaitė, Monika Biesevičienė, Tsung-Ying Tsai, Ali Aldujeli, Jurgita Plisienė, Ramūnas Unikas, Remigijus Žaliūnas and Lina Bardauskienė
Medicina 2026, 62(3), 585; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina62030585 - 20 Mar 2026
Viewed by 553
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in large aortic annuli poses challenges due to limited valve-size options and increased complication risks. The aim is to evaluate the safety and performance of XL sizes (30.5 mm and 32 mm) of the Myval [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in large aortic annuli poses challenges due to limited valve-size options and increased complication risks. The aim is to evaluate the safety and performance of XL sizes (30.5 mm and 32 mm) of the Myval transcatheter heart valve (THV) for treating patients with severe aortic stenosis and large aortic annuli. Material and Methods: This retrospective observational study included consecutive patients undergoing TAVR with XL sizes of the Myval THV between December 2023 and December 2024 at a single centre. During this period, 146 TAVI procedures were performed, of which 15 patients (10.3%) with large aortic annuli (mean systolic annular area 786.5 ± 48.2 mm2) received XL valves and were included in the present analysis. Patients were followed up at discharge, 3–6 months, and 1 year. Patient evaluation included echocardiography and clinical assessments following the Valve Academic Research Consortium-3 criteria. Results: All patients were male, with a mean age of 79.1 ± 5.9 years. Technical success was achieved in 100% of cases. At discharge, none of the patients had moderate or greater paravalvular leakage (PVL); 11 patients had no PVL, while 1 had trace and 3 had mild PVL. The mean effective orifice area (EOA) improved from 0.75 ± 0.15 cm2 at baseline to 2.31 ± 0.21 cm2 at discharge (p < 0.0001). At the 12-month follow-up, the mean EOA was 2.4 ± 0.3 cm2, and no moderate or severe PVL or major adverse clinical outcomes were observed. One patient required a permanent pacemaker implantation due to an atrioventricular block. Conclusions: The XL sizes of Myval THV showed both safety and efficacy in patients with large aortic annuli, demonstrating acceptable hemodynamic performance and low complication rates. However, large-scale studies with longer follow-ups are needed to validate these findings in diverse populations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aortic Stenosis: Diagnosis and Clinical Management)
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Review

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20 pages, 365 KB  
Review
Unraveling the Link Between Aortic Stenosis and Atherosclerosis: What Have We Learned?
by Corina Cinezan, Camelia Bianca Rus and Ioana Tiberia Ilias
Medicina 2025, 61(8), 1375; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61081375 - 30 Jul 2025
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Abstract
Background: Aortic stenosis (AS) has long been considered a degenerative disease and is typically diagnosed in older men at an advanced stage. However, accumulating evidence has highlighted the similarities between AS and atherosclerosis, particularly regarding shared risk factors and overlapping pathophysiological mechanisms. [...] Read more.
Background: Aortic stenosis (AS) has long been considered a degenerative disease and is typically diagnosed in older men at an advanced stage. However, accumulating evidence has highlighted the similarities between AS and atherosclerosis, particularly regarding shared risk factors and overlapping pathophysiological mechanisms. This connection has led to a paradigm shift, suggesting that AS may be preventable in its early stages. Methods: This narrative review synthesizes the existing literature exploring the parallels between AS and atherosclerosis, focusing on common risk factors, pathogenic pathways, and evolving therapeutic strategies. Clinical trials and translational studies were examined to assess the effectiveness of atherosclerosis-based treatments for AS. Results: Multiple studies have confirmed the shared inflammatory, lipid-mediated, and calcific mechanisms of AS and atherosclerosis. Despite these similarities, therapeutic strategies effective in atherosclerosis, such as statin therapy, have not consistently shown benefits in AS. New medical approaches aim to delay aortic valve replacement and reduce the associated morbidity. The partially overlapping pathogenesis continues to guide future research. Conclusions: While AS and atherosclerosis share several pathogenic features, their clinical courses and treatment responses diverge. Understanding the limits and potential of their overlap may inform future preventive and therapeutic strategies. Earlier detection and targeted intervention in AS remain key goals, drawing on insights from cardiovascular disease management. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aortic Stenosis: Diagnosis and Clinical Management)
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