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Medicina
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Advancements in Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
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Advancements in Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment

A special issue of Medicina (ISSN 1648-9144). This special issue belongs to the section "Pulmonology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2026 | Viewed by 1081

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Roberto G. Carbone

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, 6, 16132 Genoa, Italy
Interests: interstitial lung disease; lung cancer; pulmonary hypertension; sarcoidosis; lung transplantation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Over the last twenty years, studies on the mechanisms, diagnosis and therapy of lung cancer have received further improvement through studies such as clinical trials and original papers both in the clinical field and in the basic research field.

This Special Issue aims to explore advancements in diagnostics and imaging and highlight lung cancer treatments including innovative therapeutic approaches such as immunotherapy and targeted therapies. Low dose CT screening, biomarkers and genetic testing, advanced imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography/computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, artificial intelligence and machine learning, endobronchial ultrasound and navigational bronchoscopy, liquid biopsies, have improved the ability to detect lung cancer facilitating an early diagnosis. Targeted therapies including third generation inhibitors or new inhibitors have been approved for advanced cases. 

Furthermore, in addition to advances in surgery and radiation, immunotherapy leading to durable responses in many patients will be reported here. The former describes minimally invasive surgery, stereotactic body radiation therapy, combination therapies, and nanotechnology to potentiate efficacy and reduce systemic side effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. 

These advancements are the results of ongoing research and the results of clinical trials. This knowledge can improve the clinical management of lung cancer for oncology, pulmonology, internal medicine, radiology, thoracic and surgical specialists, and may inspire the creation of new avenues for research.

We welcome submissions of reviews, meta-analyses, original articles, and clinical and basic articles.

Prof. Dr. Roberto G. Carbone
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Medicina is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • lung cancer mechanism
  • diagnosis
  • treatment
  • biology molecular
  • imaging
  • surgery

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 608 KB  
Article
Comorbidity Burden in Lung Cancer and Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: Nationwide Database Results of Turkey
by Çiğdem Özdilekcan, Tarkan Özdemir, Mustafa Hamidullah Türkkanı, Naim Ata, Mesut Akyol, Mevlüt Karataş, Aslıhan Gürün Kaya, Aydın Yılmaz, Akın Kaya and Şuayip Birinci
Medicina 2026, 62(5), 845; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina62050845 - 29 Apr 2026
Viewed by 372
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The presence of comorbidities in both the pre- and post-diagnostic periods is a critical consideration in the diagnosis and management of patients with cancer. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and burden of pulmonary and extrapulmonary comorbidities in patients [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: The presence of comorbidities in both the pre- and post-diagnostic periods is a critical consideration in the diagnosis and management of patients with cancer. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and burden of pulmonary and extrapulmonary comorbidities in patients diagnosed with lung cancer (LC) and malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). Materials and Methods: The data were obtained from official patient records of the Turkish Ministry of Health. Patients diagnosed with either lung cancer (LC) or malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) between 2015 and 2018 were included in the study. Comorbidities were classified as pulmonary or extrapulmonary. Results: A total of 74,835 patients with LC and 1678 patients with MPM were included. The burden of comorbid conditions increased significantly in the post-diagnostic period in both males and females across both cancer types. When the two cancer groups were compared with respect to diagnostic periods, comorbidities such as hypertension (HT), phlebitis/venous thrombosis/thrombophlebitis, pulmonary embolism, pneumothorax, and pleural effusion were significantly more prevalent in the MPM group (p < 0.05). Compared with the pre-diagnostic period, the comorbidity risk in LC was highest for pulmonary embolism, ARF, and pneumonia in the post-diagnostic period, whereas renal failure was the most frequent comorbidity in the MPM group (p < 0.001 and p = 0.024). When comparing changes in comorbidity burden between sexes in the lung cancer group, male patients had higher frequencies of pulmonary embolism, pneumonia, pneumothorax, and coronary artery disease than females. In contrast, in the female lung cancer group, the prevalence of chronic renal failure was higher than in males (OR = 2.14 vs. 2.00), whereas acute renal failure was more prominent in the male patient group (OR = 2.64 vs. 1.94). In gender-based comparison of comorbid conditions among patients with MPM, the risk of renal failure was higher in females than in males (CRF and ARF respectively: OR = 2.63 vs. 2.16 and OR = 6.80 vs. 5.44). Additionally, increased rates of COPD were observed in male patients within this group (OR = 1.93 vs. 1.81). Conclusions: Patients with LC and MPM are burdened not only by their primary malignancies but also by a wide spectrum of comorbidities, particularly in the post-diagnostic period. Comprehensive knowledge of comorbid conditions is essential for clinicians to guide clinical decision-making, anticipate disease progression, and optimize treatment strategies, thereby informing national healthcare policies. Future studies incorporating matched control groups or longitudinal designs with standardized surveillance protocols may help conduct better research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment)
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13 pages, 499 KB  
Article
A Retrospective Comparison of Oncologic and Staging Outcomes Between Surgical Procedures–Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery Versus Thoracotomy in Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma
by Bogdan Cosmin Tanase, Teodor Horvat, Alin Burlacu, Elena Chitoran, Vlad Rotaru, Traian Pătrașcu and Laurentiu Simion
Medicina 2026, 62(4), 702; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina62040702 - 6 Apr 2026
Viewed by 448
Abstract
Introduction: Lymph node status is a key prognostic factor of lung cancer. Although video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) is widely used for early-stage disease, its consistency in achieving thorough lymph node dissection remains debated. While many studies show outcomes comparable to thoracotomy, others question [...] Read more.
Introduction: Lymph node status is a key prognostic factor of lung cancer. Although video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) is widely used for early-stage disease, its consistency in achieving thorough lymph node dissection remains debated. While many studies show outcomes comparable to thoracotomy, others question its reliability for accurate staging in advanced cases. This study compared the oncologic efficacy of VATS and thoracotomy in pulmonary adenocarcinoma, focusing on lymph node dissection and postoperative outcomes. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 111 consecutive patients who underwent curative-intent resection for pulmonary adenocarcinoma between 2019 and 2023 at the “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Trestioreanu” Oncological Institute, 52 undergoing thoracotomy and 59 Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS). Results: Demographic and clinical characteristics were comparable between groups. Compared with thoracotomy, VATS was associated with a significantly higher number of harvested lymph nodes at stations 7 and 10. No significant differences between groups in the number of positive lymph nodes, postoperative morbidity, or 30-day mortality were observed. Conclusions: VATS appears to provide comparable lymph node retrieval and short-term outcomes to open surgery. These findings add valuable data from an underrepresented Eastern European population and support the broader adoption of minimally invasive techniques in lung cancer surgery. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment)
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