Advances in Soft and Hard Tissue Management Around Dental Implants

A special issue of Medicina (ISSN 1648-9144). This special issue belongs to the section "Dentistry and Oral Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 8981

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Studio Dentistico Dott. Roberto Rossi, Genoa, Italy
Interests: guided tissue regeneration; guided bone regeneration; esthetic dentistry; implant dentistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60100 Ancona, Italy
Interests: oral surgery; implantology; dental materials; oral pathology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Dental implants have been a benefit for millions of edentulous patients over the past 60 years. The materials, methods, and patient selection process have changed very much through time. Surgical and prosthetic approaches have also been developed, along with diagnostic tools, making the procedures simpler and more predictable. The advent of digital technology simplified the diagnosis and planning of simple and complex cases.

The aim of this Special Issue is to find cutting-edge research on these developments. We are encouraging clinicians and researchers to publish their findings that will ultimately highlight the revolutionary advances in dental implants. We are also seeking for novel materials and methods that could improve planning, surgical techniques that could improve outcomes and lower complications and morbidity, and anything that could improve the prognosis and long-term maintenance of our restoration of dental implants.

Dr. Roberto Rossi
Prof. Dr. Fabrizio Bambini
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • dental implants
  • soft tissue around implants
  • bone regeneration
  • prosthetic implants
  • esthetic implants

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 1103 KiB  
Article
Effect of Different Administered Doses of Capsaicin and Titanium Implant Osseointegration
by Muhammet Bahattin Bingül, Mehmet Gul, Serkan Dündar, Kevser Sökmen, Gökhan Artas, Mehmet Emrah Polat, Murat Tanrisever and Erhan Cahit Ozcan
Medicina 2024, 60(7), 1094; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60071094 - 4 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1427
Abstract
Background and Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the histological and biochemical effects of capsaicin on implant osseointegration and oxidative stress. Materials and Methods: Male Wistar albino rats weighing between 250 and 300 g were used in this study. Twenty-four rats [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the histological and biochemical effects of capsaicin on implant osseointegration and oxidative stress. Materials and Methods: Male Wistar albino rats weighing between 250 and 300 g were used in this study. Twenty-four rats were randomly divided into three equal groups: implant + control (n = 8), implant + capsaicin-1 (n = 8), and implant + capsaicin-2 (n = 8). Additionally, 2.5 mm diameter and 4 mm length titanium implants were surgically integrated into the corticocancellous bone parts of the femurs. In the treatment groups, rats were injected intraperitoneally with 25 mg/kg (implant + capsaicin-1) and 50 mg/kg (implant + capsaicin-2) of capsaicin. No additional applications were made in the control group. Three rats in total died during and after the experiment as a result of the analyses performed on 21 animals. Results: The highest total antioxidant status value was found in capsaicin dose 2, according to the analysis. The control group had the highest total oxidant status and oxidative stress index values, while group 2 of capsaicin had the lowest. After analysis, we found that there was no observed positive effect on osteointegration in this study (p > 0.05), although the bone implant connection was higher in the groups treated with capsaicin. Conclusions: A positive effect on osteointegration was not observed in this study. This may be due to osteoclast activation. However, it was found that it has a positive effect on oxidative stress. Osteoclast activation may be the cause of this phenomenon. Capsaicin was found to have a positive effect on oxidative stress (p < 0.05). It was also observed to have a positive effect on oxidative stress. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Soft and Hard Tissue Management Around Dental Implants)
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Review

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10 pages, 1087 KiB  
Review
Influence of Prosthetic Emergence Profile on Peri-Implant Marginal Bone Stability: A Comprehensive Review
by Rossana Izzetti, Chiara Cinquini, Marco Nisi, Michele Covelli, Fortunato Alfonsi and Antonio Barone
Medicina 2025, 61(3), 517; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61030517 - 17 Mar 2025
Viewed by 833
Abstract
The prosthetic emergence profile is a factor potentially affecting marginal bone level around dental implants. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the influence of the prosthetic emergence profile on peri-implant marginal bone-level stability. The marginal bone level [...] Read more.
The prosthetic emergence profile is a factor potentially affecting marginal bone level around dental implants. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the influence of the prosthetic emergence profile on peri-implant marginal bone-level stability. The marginal bone level is an important parameter in implant dentistry, reflecting the stability of dental implants, and it is a critical indicator of long-term implant success. Minimizing marginal bone loss around dental implants is a key factor for maintaining implant function, supporting peri-implant soft tissues, and achieving predictable aesthetic outcomes. The scientific literature presents various examples of evidence on the influence of emergence angle and prosthetic designs on marginal bone loss. Several studies suggest that emergence angles exceeding 30° and convex prosthetic designs may increase the risk of peri-implantitis and bone resorption, while others find no significant correlation. Moreover, several studies demonstrated the positive influence of taper joint connections on marginal bone stability. Although the current literature remains diverse, it is essential to prioritize cleanability and minimize plaque accumulation for a successful implant-prosthetic restoration. Proper maintenance and a continuous follow-up to monitor marginal bone loss are beneficial for obtaining stable and optimal long-term results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Soft and Hard Tissue Management Around Dental Implants)
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Other

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18 pages, 30019 KiB  
Case Report
‘Lamina External Graft Overlay’: The Use of Segmented Xenogenic Bone Sheets in the Reconstruction of 3D Bone Defects
by Roberto Rossi, Fabrizio Bambini, Claudia Dellavia, Dolaji Henin and Lucia Memè
Medicina 2025, 61(4), 683; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61040683 - 8 Apr 2025
Viewed by 416
Abstract
Guided bone regeneration (GBR) has represented a challenge for clinicians in the past 30 years, and the literature has well described many different surgical options such as d-PTFE membranes, titanium grids, or autogenous bone harvested from the posterior mandible. All of the previously [...] Read more.
Guided bone regeneration (GBR) has represented a challenge for clinicians in the past 30 years, and the literature has well described many different surgical options such as d-PTFE membranes, titanium grids, or autogenous bone harvested from the posterior mandible. All of the previously mentioned techniques have shown a high rate of complications but, in the last decade, a new membrane made of xenogenic bone was introduced. Most of the publications regarding its application report very few and mild complications. In this article we will suggest a new application using segmented xenogenic bone sheets instead of autogenous bone to correct severe ridge deformity. Background and Objectives: Xenogenic bone sheets have been studied extensively over the past decade and have proven effective, with a very low rate of complications when used to reconstruct bone atrophies. The technique presented in this paper aims to reduce morbidity, avoid the need for intra-oral graft harvesting, and minimize both surgical time and post-operative discomfort. Materials and Methods: Xenogenic bone sheets of equine origin were used to reconstruct severe 3D bone defects in five patients requiring dental implants. The segmentation of the sheet allowed the operator to rebuild the missing bone walls and achieve optimal anatomy without compromise. Furthermore, using different sizes and thicknesses of the bone sheets allowed safe procedures preventing early exposure of the membranes. CBCT of the defects before and after 8 months of healing were measured with Exocad software to assess the volumetric gain. Histological analysis performed on one site showed integration of the bone lamina and live bone underneath. Results: In all five cases evaluated the ridge deformities were successfully corrected and all patients’ implants have functioned for more than two years to date. The average horizontal bone gain in these five cases was 6.18 mm (±1.19 mm) while the vertical gain was 9.70 mm (±2.39 mm). Conclusions: This new application of flex cortical sheets simplifies the surgical procedure for both operator and patient, reduces morbidity and post-operative complications, and shows promising signs for resolving complex 3D bone reconstructions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Soft and Hard Tissue Management Around Dental Implants)
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15 pages, 5366 KiB  
Case Report
Management of Vestibular Bone Fenestration with Periosteal Inhibition (PI) Technique During Alveolar Socket Preservation: A Case Report
by Andrea Grassi, Maria Eleonora Bizzoca, Lucia De Biasi, Rossella Padula, Ciro Annicchiarico, Gabriele Cervino, Lorenzo Lo Muzio and Filiberto Mastrangelo
Medicina 2024, 60(12), 1912; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60121912 - 21 Nov 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1200
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The purpose of this case report is to examine the management of vestibular bone fenestration during alveolar socket preservation using the Periosteal Inhibition (PI) approach. Here, for the first time, the PI technique, which has been shown to be successful [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: The purpose of this case report is to examine the management of vestibular bone fenestration during alveolar socket preservation using the Periosteal Inhibition (PI) approach. Here, for the first time, the PI technique, which has been shown to be successful in maintaining intact cortical bone, is examined in the context of a bone defect. Materials and Methods: After an atraumatic extraction of a damaged tooth, a vestibular bone fenestration was discovered in the 62-year-old male patient. To shield the defect, a non-resorbable PTFE membrane (OSSEO GUARD by Zimmer Biomet) was positioned between the mucosa and the fenestration site. A resorbable porcine gelatin sponge (SPONGOSTANTM) was used to achieve hemostasis, and a 5/0 PGCL absorbable suture was used to close the wound. A CBCT scan was performed, and a dental implant was inserted after 4 months. Results: After 4 months, the case demonstrated positive results, with full cortical remodeling and preservation of the original bone proportions. The fenestration completely healed, proving that the PI approach works even in the presence of bone flaws in cortical bone that is still intact. Conclusions: This is the first case report that shows that vestibular bone fenestration can be successfully treated with the PI approach. It has now been demonstrated that the procedure, which hitherto needed an undamaged cortical bone to work, can help bone abnormalities to repair completely. These results imply that the PI technique is a flexible and useful approach that provides predictable results in dental surgery for treating different types of alveolar bone abnormalities. Its use might be expanded with more study to include bone dehiscence treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Soft and Hard Tissue Management Around Dental Implants)
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8 pages, 2102 KiB  
Case Report
Horizontal Bone Augmentation with Simultaneous Implant Placement in the Aesthetic Region: A Case Report and Review of the Current Evidence
by Rossana Izzetti, Chiara Cinquini, Fortunato Alfonsi, Marco Nisi, Michele Covelli, Berta Garcia Mira, Mattia Priami and Antonio Barone
Medicina 2024, 60(11), 1786; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60111786 - 1 Nov 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1970
Abstract
This study aimed to describe a case of simultaneous guided bone regeneration (GBR) and implant placement in a patient with prior aesthetic implant failure, focusing on achieving optimal aesthetic and functional outcomes, and to perform a literature review of the current evidence. A [...] Read more.
This study aimed to describe a case of simultaneous guided bone regeneration (GBR) and implant placement in a patient with prior aesthetic implant failure, focusing on achieving optimal aesthetic and functional outcomes, and to perform a literature review of the current evidence. A 38-year-old male presented with an improperly positioned implant at the level of the right upper central (tooth 2.1), leading to aesthetic and functional issues. The initial assessment included a panoramic radiograph revealing marginal bone loss and an enlarged peri-implant space, necessitating implant removal. Following implant removal and provisional restoration, the patient was re-evaluated for subsequent therapeutic treatments. The patient underwent orthodontic treatment to improve mesio-distal spacing, followed by surgical intervention involving GBR and simultaneous implant placement. The GBR procedure utilised bone substitutes and resorbable membranes, with soft tissue augmentation conducted subsequently. The surgical intervention involved local anaesthesia, flap design, defect assessment, and palatally oriented implant placement. GBR was then performed. After six months, implant uncovering and soft tissue augmentation were conducted. The implant was loaded with a screwed restoration following complete hard and soft tissue healing. The patient was monitored every six months for two years, then annually. At the 10-year follow-up, no signs of bone resorption or soft tissue inflammation were observed. This case demonstrated that GBR and simultaneous implant placement, with the application of advanced biomaterials, effectively promoted osseointegration and maintained aesthetic and functional stability over a decade. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Soft and Hard Tissue Management Around Dental Implants)
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13 pages, 9220 KiB  
Case Report
Immediate Loading Full-Arch 3D-Printed Implant-Supported Fixed Rehabilitation: A Case Report with 24-Month Follow-Up
by Márcio de Carvalho Formiga, Renato Fuller, Lavinia Cosmina Ardelean and Jamil Awad Shibli
Medicina 2024, 60(10), 1614; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60101614 - 2 Oct 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2352
Abstract
Implant-supported immediate loading full-arch rehabilitation has been documented in the literature. More recently, computed surgical guides have frequently been used since they facilitate planning and performing surgical treatment without the need to raise a flap, thus reducing trauma and morbidity. This case report [...] Read more.
Implant-supported immediate loading full-arch rehabilitation has been documented in the literature. More recently, computed surgical guides have frequently been used since they facilitate planning and performing surgical treatment without the need to raise a flap, thus reducing trauma and morbidity. This case report describes an immediate full-arch, fixed rehabilitation with full loading placed on four commercially available 3D-printed implants, with a 24-month follow-up. The implants were placed with the help of a digitally planned 3D-printed surgical guide. The provisional fixed prosthesis installed immediately was replaced after 3 months. At the time, the soft and hard tissue around the implants appeared stable, without signs of inflammation. The same situation was observed at the 24-month follow-up. Three-dimensional-printed implants seem to be a promising choice in this case. However, further clinical studies with longer follow-up periods are necessary to confirm their efficacy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Soft and Hard Tissue Management Around Dental Implants)
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