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Design, Fabrication, and Characterization of Magnetoresponsive Materials and Devices
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Design, Fabrication, and Characterization of Magnetoresponsive Materials and Devices

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 January 2023) | Viewed by 10364
We would like to thank Mr. Gabriel Jiménez Thuel for developing the graphical abstract for this special issue.

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Karla Jaimes Merazzo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Micro- and NanoDevices, BCMaterials, Basque Center on Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, 48940 Bilbao, Spain
Interests: magnetic sensors; magnetoactive materials and devices; spintronics; nano- and microfabrication techniques; printing techniques
Dr. Filipe Arroyo Cardoso

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
Interests: implantable biomedical devices; magnetic sensors; magnetic actuators

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Magnetically responsive materials allow a large variety of possibilities to design, develop, and implement remotely actuated/read devices. Magnetoactive materials, including magnetorheological, magnetostrictive, magnetoresistive, magnetoelectric, and magnetocaloric materials, are attracting increasing interest, since they allow applications in areas such as energy generation, transmission and storage, memory storage, sensing and actuation, and the development of biomedical devices (tissue engineering, drug delivery, implantable devices, and biosensors). They can be found in different sizes, shapes, and configurations, such as magnetic nanoparticles, nanowires, nanorods, pellets, thin films, or nanocomposites, among others. These materials can be fabricated using different methods, including lithography/etching techniques, 2D and 3D printing, casting techniques, cutting techniques, and machining.

The scope of this Special Issue is to present advances in (i) fabrication and processing of magnetoresponsive materials and (ii) development of devices based on magneto-active materials, for different applications.

In particular, we invite you to submit full papers, communications, and reviews for this Special Issue covering topics including, but not limited to, the following:

  • Magneto-active energy-related materials and devices;
  • Magneto-active memory-storage-related materials devices;
  • Magneto-active sensors;
  • Magneto-active actuators;
  • Magneto-active material for biomedical applications and devices;
  • Advanced manufacturing of magnetoresponsive materials and devices.

Dr. Karla Jaimes Merazzo
Dr. Filipe Arroyo Cardoso
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • manufacturing of magnetoresponsive materials
  • processing magnetoresponsive materials
  • magneto-active energy-related materials and devices
  • magneto-active memory storage materials and devices
  • magneto-active sensors
  • magneto-active actuators
  • magneto-active biomedical devices

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Editorial

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2 pages, 168 KiB  
Editorial
Design, Fabrication, and Characterization of Magnetoresponsive Materials and Devices
by Karla J. Merazzo
Materials 2022, 15(20), 7183; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15207183 - 14 Oct 2022
Viewed by 838
Abstract
Modern technology has made an elegant link between smart materials and interlinked devices thanks to the interplay between materials science, smart sensors and devices, artificial intelligence, and a fierce imagination; this has allowed us to reach every corner of our society [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design, Fabrication, and Characterization of Magnetoresponsive Materials and Devices)

Research

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17 pages, 2983 KiB  
Article
In Situ Synthesis of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles and Wood Composite Properties of Three Tropical Species
by Roger Moya, Johanna Gaitán-Álvarez, Alexander Berrocal and Karla J. Merazzo
Materials 2022, 15(9), 3394; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15093394 - 09 May 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1552
Abstract
Magnetic wood is a composite material that achieves harmony between both woody and magnetic functions through the active addition of magnetic characteristics to the wood itself. In addition to showing magnetic characteristics, magnetic wood offers low specific gravity, humidity control and acoustic absorption [...] Read more.
Magnetic wood is a composite material that achieves harmony between both woody and magnetic functions through the active addition of magnetic characteristics to the wood itself. In addition to showing magnetic characteristics, magnetic wood offers low specific gravity, humidity control and acoustic absorption ability. It has potential for broad applications in the fields of electromagnetic wave absorption, electromagnetic interference shielding, furniture, etc. This work reports on the synthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) in wood from three tropical species (Pinus oocarpa, Vochysia ferruginea and Vochysia guatemalensis) using a solution of iron (III) hexahydrate and iron (II) chloride tetrahydrate with a molar ratio of 1.6:1 at a concentration of 1.2 mol/L ferric chlorate under 700 kPa pressure for 2 h. Afterward, the wood samples were impregnated with an ammonia solution with three different immersion times. The treated wood (wood composites) was evaluated for the weight gain percentage (WPG), density, ash content and Fe3O4 content by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectrum, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The results show that the species P. oocarpa had the lowest values of WPG, and its density decreased in relation to the untreated wood, with lower ash and Fe3O4 NP content. The XRD and some FTIR signals associated with changes in the wood component showed small differences from the untreated wood. Fe3O4 NPs presented nanoparticles with the smallest diameter of (approx. 7.3 to 8.5 nm), and its saturation magnetization (Ms) parameters were the lowest. On the other hand, V. guatemalensis was the species with the best Ms values, but the wood composite had the lowest density. In relation to the different immersion times, the magnetic properties were not statistically affected. Finally, the magnetization values of the studied species were lower than those of the pure Fe3O4 nanoparticles, since the species only have a certain amount of these nanoparticles (NPs), and this was reflected proportionally in the magnetization of saturation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design, Fabrication, and Characterization of Magnetoresponsive Materials and Devices)
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13 pages, 6492 KiB  
Article
Synthesis and Characterization of Magnetic Composite Theragnostics by Nano Spray Drying
by Caio José Perecin, Xavier Pierre Marie Gratens, Valmir Antônio Chitta, Patrícia Leo, Adriano Marim de Oliveira, Sérgio Akinobu Yoshioka and Natália Neto Pereira Cerize
Materials 2022, 15(5), 1755; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15051755 - 25 Feb 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1785
Abstract
Composites of magnetite nanoparticles encapsulated with polymers attract interest for many applications, especially as theragnostic agents for magnetic hyperthermia, drug delivery, and magnetic resonance imaging. In this work, magnetite nanoparticles were synthesized by coprecipitation and encapsulated with different polymers (Eudragit S100, Pluronic F68, [...] Read more.
Composites of magnetite nanoparticles encapsulated with polymers attract interest for many applications, especially as theragnostic agents for magnetic hyperthermia, drug delivery, and magnetic resonance imaging. In this work, magnetite nanoparticles were synthesized by coprecipitation and encapsulated with different polymers (Eudragit S100, Pluronic F68, Maltodextrin, and surfactants) by nano spray drying technique, which can produce powders of nanoparticles from solutions or suspensions. Transmission and scanning electron microscopy images showed that the bare magnetite nanoparticles have 10.5 nm, and after encapsulation, the particles have approximately 1 μm, with size and shape depending on the material’s composition. The values of magnetic saturation by SQUID magnetometry and mass residues by thermogravimetric analysis were used to characterize the magnetic content in the materials, related to their magnetite/polymer ratios. Zero-field-cooling and field-cooling (ZFC/FC) measurements showed how blocking temperatures of the powders of the composites are lower than that of bare magnetite, possibly due to lower magnetic coupling, being an interesting system to study magnetic interactions of nanoparticles. Furthermore, studies of cytotoxic effect, hydrodynamic size, and heating capacity for hyperthermia (according to the application of an alternate magnetic field) show that these composites could be applied as a theragnostic material for a non-invasive administration such as nasal. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design, Fabrication, and Characterization of Magnetoresponsive Materials and Devices)
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12 pages, 4185 KiB  
Article
Additive Manufacturing of Magnetostrictive Fe–Co Alloys
by Kenya Nakajima, Marc Leparoux, Hiroki Kurita, Briac Lanfant, Di Cui, Masahito Watanabe, Takenobu Sato and Fumio Narita
Materials 2022, 15(3), 709; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15030709 - 18 Jan 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1984
Abstract
Fe–Co alloys are attracting attention as magnetostrictive materials for energy harvesting and sensor applications. This work investigated the magnetostriction characteristics and crystal structure of additive-manufactured Fe–Co alloys using directed energy deposition. The additive-manufactured Fe–Co parts tended to exhibit better magnetostrictive performance than the [...] Read more.
Fe–Co alloys are attracting attention as magnetostrictive materials for energy harvesting and sensor applications. This work investigated the magnetostriction characteristics and crystal structure of additive-manufactured Fe–Co alloys using directed energy deposition. The additive-manufactured Fe–Co parts tended to exhibit better magnetostrictive performance than the hot-rolled Fe–Co alloy. The anisotropy energy ΔK1 for the Fe–Co bulk, prepared under a power of 300 W (referred to as bulk−300 W), was larger than for the rolled sample. For the bulk−300 W sample in a particular plane, the piezomagnetic constant d was large, irrespective of the direction of the magnetic field. Elongated voids that formed during additive manufacturing changed the magnetostrictive behavior in a direction perpendicular to these voids. Magnetic property measurements showed that the coercivity decreased. Since sensors should be highly responsive, Fe–Co three-dimensional parts produced via additive manufacturing can be applied as force sensors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design, Fabrication, and Characterization of Magnetoresponsive Materials and Devices)
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Review

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35 pages, 11056 KiB  
Review
Recent Advances in Magnetic Polymer Composites for BioMEMS: A Review
by Zhengwei Liao, Oualid Zoumhani and Clementine M. Boutry
Materials 2023, 16(10), 3802; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16103802 - 17 May 2023
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2877
Abstract
The objective of this review is to investigate the potential of functionalized magnetic polymer composites for use in electromagnetic micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) for biomedical applications. The properties that make magnetic polymer composites particularly interesting for application in the biomedical field are their biocompatibility, [...] Read more.
The objective of this review is to investigate the potential of functionalized magnetic polymer composites for use in electromagnetic micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) for biomedical applications. The properties that make magnetic polymer composites particularly interesting for application in the biomedical field are their biocompatibility, their adjustable mechanical, chemical, and magnetic properties, as well as their manufacturing versatility, e.g., by 3D printing or by integration in cleanroom microfabrication processes, which makes them accessible for large-scale production to reach the general public. The review first examines recent advancements in magnetic polymer composites that possess unique features such as self-healing capabilities, shape-memory, and biodegradability. This analysis includes an exploration of the materials and fabrication processes involved in the production of these composites, as well as their potential applications. Subsequently, the review focuses on electromagnetic MEMS for biomedical applications (bioMEMS), including microactuators, micropumps, miniaturized drug delivery systems, microvalves, micromixers, and sensors. The analysis encompasses an examination of the materials and manufacturing processes involved and the specific fields of application for each of these biomedical MEMS devices. Finally, the review discusses missed opportunities and possible synergies in the development of next-generation composite materials and bioMEMS sensors and actuators based on magnetic polymer composites. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design, Fabrication, and Characterization of Magnetoresponsive Materials and Devices)
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