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Membrane Materials for Gas Separation
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Membrane Materials for Gas Separation

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2020) | Viewed by 16228

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Jose Manuel Serra

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Guest Editor
Institute of Chemical Technology, Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), 46022 Valencia, Spain
Interests: separation processes; ceramic membranes; metallic membranes; catalytic membranes
Dr. Alberto Tena

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Guest Editor
European Membrane Institute Twente (EMI), Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7522NB AE Enschede, The Netherlands
Interests: gas separation membranes; polymer synthesis; membrane formation; transport mechanisms
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Antonio Hernández

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Guest Editor
Department of Applied Physics, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
Interests: membrane transport; thermodynamics; mixed matrix membranes; membrane characterization; modelling
Dr. Sergey Shishatskiy

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Guest Editor
Helmholtz, Zentrum Geesthacht, Zentrum für Material, und Küstenforschung GmbH, Geesthacht, Germany
Interests: polymeric membranes; mixed matrix membranes; membrane characterization; membrane gas separation
Dr. Monica de la Viuda

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Guest Editor
European Membrane Institute (EMI) Twente, Faculty of Science & Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
Interests: monomer synthesis; polymer synthesis; materials characterization; new materials; polymeric membranes
Dr. Tymen Visser

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Guest Editor
European Membrane Institute Twente (EMI), University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7522NB AE Enschede, The Netherlands
Interests: gas separation; hollow fiber membranes; plasticization; valorization; scale-up
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We cordially invite you to submit your original work or review article to this Special Issue, “Membrane Materials for Gas Separation”. Membrane-based separation processes have progressively become important technology for industrial separations due to their low energy consumption, easy operation, and small footprint. Relevant applications, such as CO2 capture, oxygen enrichment, hydrogen purification, biogas upgrading, natural gas processing, and olefin/paraffin separations are currently using membrane-based technology. Nevertheless, there are still a significant improvements to be made in the process, ranging from the creation of new materials to the final testing of the processed membrane under real conditions.

This Issue is dedicated to advances in separation mechanisms, separation performance, material selection, material processing, modelling, operational stability, and up-scaling. Topics of interest include new inorganic, metallic, or polymeric membrane materials, membrane characterization, new separation processes, ageing studies, thin film formation and characterization, modelling of the performances, plasticization, contaminant effects, and the behavior of the materials under real process conditions.

We are looking forward to receiving your outstanding work for this Special Issue.

Prof. Jose Manuel Serra
Dr. Alberto Tena
Prof. Antonio Hernández
Dr. Sergey Shishatskiy
Dr. Monica Viuda
Dr. Tymen Visser
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • membrane materials
  • gas transport properties
  • thin film–thin selective layer
  • mixed matrix materials
  • membrane processes
  • CO2 capture
  • hydrogen purification
  • natural gas
  • biogas upgrading
  • olefin/paraffin

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 6214 KiB  
Article
Asymmetric LSCF Membranes Utilizing Commercial Powders
by Paolo Fedeli, Francesca Drago, Falk Schulze-Küppers and Stefan Baumann
Materials 2020, 13(3), 614; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13030614 - 30 Jan 2020
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2638
Abstract
Powders of constant morphology and quality are indispensable for reproducible ceramic manufacturing. In this study, commercially available powders were characterized regarding their microstructural properties and screened for a reproducible membrane manufacturing process, which was done by sequential tape casting. Basing on this, the [...] Read more.
Powders of constant morphology and quality are indispensable for reproducible ceramic manufacturing. In this study, commercially available powders were characterized regarding their microstructural properties and screened for a reproducible membrane manufacturing process, which was done by sequential tape casting. Basing on this, the slurry composition and ratio of ingredients were systematically varied in order to obtain flat, crack-free green tapes suitable for upscaling of the manufacturing process. Debinding and sintering parameters were adjusted to obtain defect-free membranes with diminished bending. The crucial parameters are the heating ramp, sintering temperature, and dwell time. The microstructure of the asymmetric membranes was investigated, leading to a support porosity of approximately 35% and a membrane layer thickness of around 20 µm. Microstructure and oxygen flux are comparable to asymmetric La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3−δ (LSCF) membranes manufactured from custom-made powder, showing an oxygen flux of > 1 mL⋅cm−2⋅min at 900 °C in air/Ar gradient. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Membrane Materials for Gas Separation)
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14 pages, 3688 KiB  
Article
Hydrogen Production from the LOHC Perhydro-Dibenzyl-Toluene and Purification Using a 5 µm PdAg-Membrane in a Coupled Microstructured System
by Alexander Wunsch, Tatjana Berg and Peter Pfeifer
Materials 2020, 13(2), 277; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13020277 - 8 Jan 2020
Cited by 35 | Viewed by 7281
Abstract
Hydrogen bound in organic liquid hydrogen carriers (LOHC) such as dibenzyl-toluene enables simple and safe handling as well as long-term storage. This idea is particularly interesting in the context of the energy transition, where hydrogen is considered a key energy carrier. The LOHC [...] Read more.
Hydrogen bound in organic liquid hydrogen carriers (LOHC) such as dibenzyl-toluene enables simple and safe handling as well as long-term storage. This idea is particularly interesting in the context of the energy transition, where hydrogen is considered a key energy carrier. The LOHC technology serves as a storage between volatile energy and locally and timely independent consumption. Depending on the type of application, decisive specifications are placed on the hydrogen purity. In the product gas from dehydrogenation, however, concentrations of 100 to a few 1000 ppm can be found from low boiling substances, which partly originate from the production of the LOHC material, but also from the decomposition and evaporation of the LOHC molecules in the course of the enormous volume expansion due to hydrogen release. For the removal of undesired traces in the LOHC material, a pre-treatment and storage under protective gas is necessary. For purification, the use of Pd-based membranes might be useful, which makes these steps less important or even redundant. Heat supply and phase contacting of the liquid LOHC and catalyst is also crucial for the process. Within the contribution, the first results from a coupled microstructured system—consisting of a radial flow reactor unit and membrane separation unit—are shown. In a first step, the 5 µm thick PdAg-membrane was characterized and a high Sieverts exponent of 0.9 was determined, indicating adsorption/desorption driven permeation. It can be demonstrated that hydrogen is first released with high catalyst-related productivity in the reactor system and afterwards separated and purified. Within the framework of limited analytics, we found that by using a Pd-based membrane, a quality of 5.0 (99.999% purity) or higher can be achieved. Furthermore, it was found that after only 8 hours, the membrane can lose up to 30% of its performance when exposed to the slightly contaminated product gas from the dehydrogenation process. However, the separation efficiency can almost completely be restored by the treatment with pure hydrogen. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Membrane Materials for Gas Separation)
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12 pages, 5203 KiB  
Article
Effect of the Post-Spinning Solvent Exchange on the Performance of Asymmetric, Polyimide Hollow Fibers Prepared by Using a Triple-Orifice Spinneret
by Paola Bernardo, Franco Tasselli, Giovanni Chiappetta and Gabriele Clarizia
Materials 2019, 12(21), 3632; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12213632 - 5 Nov 2019
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2682
Abstract
Hollow fibers (HFs) are widely applied in different membrane operations, particularly in gas separation. The present work investigates the effect of post-spinning treatment on the gas transport properties of polyimide-based HFs. The membranes were spun by using both a conventional spinneret and a [...] Read more.
Hollow fibers (HFs) are widely applied in different membrane operations, particularly in gas separation. The present work investigates the effect of post-spinning treatment on the gas transport properties of polyimide-based HFs. The membranes were spun by using both a conventional spinneret and a triple-orifice spinneret. A systematic analysis was carried out by considering different alcohols as the first fluid for the solvent exchange, with or without n–hexane as a second fluid. The HFs were characterized by exploring the change of the morphology and the permselective properties as a consequence of the operation conditions for spinning and post-treatments. According to the morphology, for a specific hollow fiber type, an optimal post–treatment was identified. The HFs prepared with the triple-orifice spinneret, using a solvent–rich shell fluid, can take advantage of the post-treatment using larger alcohols, while smaller alcohols should be preferred for the conventional spun HFs that present inside–outside double skin layers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Membrane Materials for Gas Separation)
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13 pages, 2588 KiB  
Article
Chemical Modification of Poly(1-Trimethylsylil-1-Propyne) for the Creation of Highly Efficient CO2-Selective Membrane Materials
by Viktoriya Polevaya, Viktoriya Geiger, Galina Bondarenko, Sergey Shishatskiy and Valeriy Khotimskiy
Materials 2019, 12(17), 2763; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12172763 - 28 Aug 2019
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2671
Abstract
The work is devoted to the chemical modification of a polymer that is promising for the creation of gas separation membranes, aimed at increasing the selectivity with respect to CO2. The introduction of ionic liquids into the structure of poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) is [...] Read more.
The work is devoted to the chemical modification of a polymer that is promising for the creation of gas separation membranes, aimed at increasing the selectivity with respect to CO2. The introduction of ionic liquids into the structure of poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) is realized by a two-step process: bromination of the initial polymer with N-bromosuccinimide and subsequent addition of tertiary amine (N-butylimidazole) to it. Depending on the process conditions, the method allows polymers with different contents of the ionic liquid to be obtained. The obtained polymers show good film-forming properties and thermal stability. Depending on the content of the ionic liquid in the polymer matrix, the resistance to aliphatic alicyclic to the majority of halogenated, as well as aromatic hydrocarbons, increases. With an increase of the ionic liquid content in the polymer, the ideal selectivities of CO2/N2 and CO2/CH4 gas pairs increases while maintaining a high level of permeability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Membrane Materials for Gas Separation)
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