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Nanowires and Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization and Applications
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Nanowires and Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization and Applications

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Advanced Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 October 2026 | Viewed by 3005

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Heriberto Cruz-Martínez

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Guest Editor
Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico del Valle de Etla, Abasolo S/N, Barrio del Agua Buena, Santiago Suchilquitongo, Oaxaca 68230, Mexico
Interests: metal nanoparticles; energy conversion and storage
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Omar Solorza-Feria

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Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, CINVESTAV-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
Interests: nanoparticles; nanomaterials; fuel cell; electrochemistry; hydrogen
Dr. Hugo Rojas-Chávez

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Tláhuac II, Camino Real 625, Col. Jardines del Llano, Alcaldía Tláhuac, San Juan Ixtayopan 13550, Mexico
Interests: nanoparticles; nanomaterials; energy storage; mechanochemistry

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The development of nanowires and nanoparticles is one of the most dynamic and promising areas of nanoscience and nanotechnology. The controlled synthesis of these nanostructures enables the adjustment of their physical, chemical, and electronic properties, which significantly differ from those of their bulk counterparts. Owing to recent advances in the field, it is now possible to design nanowires and nanoparticles with precise geometries, hybrid compositions, and functionalized surfaces. This expands their potential use in strategic applications.

Characterization is crucial for understanding the relationship between structure, size, morphology, and properties. Advanced techniques such as electron microscopy, X-ray spectroscopy, and surface analysis have provided key insights into the optical, electronic, mechanical, and catalytic properties of materials. These studies enable the optimization of synthesis processes and the design of materials with specific functionalities.

Due to their relevance, nanowires and nanoparticles have been employed in multiple fields, including electronics, energy, catalysis, biomedicine, sensing, and agriculture. This Special Issue aims to compile original research and critical reviews that address advances in the synthesis, characterization, and applications of nanowires and nanoparticles, as well as those that promote the dissemination of knowledge regarding sustainable technologies.

Prof. Dr. Heriberto Cruz-Martínez
Prof. Dr. Omar Solorza-Feria
Dr. Hugo Rojas-Chávez
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nanowires
  • nanoparticles
  • synthesis methods
  • characterization techniques
  • structures
  • properties
  • theoretical and experimental studies
  • applications in energy, catalysis, biomedicine, sensing, agriculture
  • nanomaterials
  • sustainable technologies

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 3495 KB  
Article
Eco-Friendly Cellulose/Polyaniline Sponge for Water Remediation
by Juan C. Medina-Llamas, Fátima D. G. Rodríguez-Flores, Isaac Olvera-López, José García-Elías, María Medina-Llamas and Alicia E. Chávez-Guajardo
Materials 2026, 19(7), 1381; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19071381 - 31 Mar 2026
Viewed by 385
Abstract
This work describes the fabrication of an eco-friendly sponge for the removal of dyes from aqueous solutions. For this purpose, a reused cellulose sponge (CS) that is commercially sold for makeup was covered with polyaniline (PANI), a conductive polymer that allows the addition [...] Read more.
This work describes the fabrication of an eco-friendly sponge for the removal of dyes from aqueous solutions. For this purpose, a reused cellulose sponge (CS) that is commercially sold for makeup was covered with polyaniline (PANI), a conductive polymer that allows the addition of functional groups that are compatible with dyes present in aqueous solutions. An SEM analysis showed the successful deposition of PANI over CS fibers and confirmed that the porosity of the sponge remained after the polymerization step. The adsorption performance of the PANI-CS was evaluated in batch mode using methyl orange (MO). The adsorption capacity was 308 mg/g at pH 4.0 and after 110 min. PANI-CS achieved an adsorption percentage of 84% (Co = 25 mg/L MO) after only 20 min. The experimental data were adjusted to different isotherm adsorption models; the best fit was obtained using the Halsey model. Furthermore, the adsorption performance of PANI-CS was studied in continuous mode using a bespoke adsorption column with recirculation. The results indicated that after 5 min of interaction time, 59% of the initial MO concentration (25 mg/L) was adsorbed. These results show the potential of PANI-CS as an inexpensive adsorbent for large-scale adsorption of dyes from aqueous media. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanowires and Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization and Applications)
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25 pages, 5741 KB  
Article
Stabilizing the Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) of Citrate-Synthesized Metal Nanoparticles in Organic Solvents
by Jacob P. Magdon, Matthew J. Jasienski, Madison R. Waltz, Gabrielle A. Grzymski, Calvin Chen, Arion M. Solomon, Minh Dang Nguyen, Jong Moon Lee, John C. Deàk, T. Randall Lee and Riddhiman Medhi
Materials 2025, 18(22), 5246; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18225246 - 20 Nov 2025
Viewed by 1346
Abstract
Gold–silver nanoshells (GS-NSs) are hollow spherical nanoparticles with an alloyed Ag-Au shell. GS-NSs exhibit a tunable localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) in the visible to near-IR wavelengths as a function of composition and shell thickness and offer greater stability across pH ranges compared [...] Read more.
Gold–silver nanoshells (GS-NSs) are hollow spherical nanoparticles with an alloyed Ag-Au shell. GS-NSs exhibit a tunable localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) in the visible to near-IR wavelengths as a function of composition and shell thickness and offer greater stability across pH ranges compared to other metal nanoparticles. These properties make GS-NSs promising materials for diagnostics, photothermal therapy, and photocatalysis. However, current research has explored GS-NSs only in aqueous systems, since they immediately aggregate in other solvents, limiting their utility. This paper provides an in-depth study of the choice and effect of non-thiol ligands on the stability and phase-transfer of GS-NSs from aqueous to non-aqueous solvents, such as ethylene glycol, tetrahydrofuran, dichloromethane, and toluene. Ligand exchange for functionalization of GS-NSs was performed with Triton X-100 (TX100), sodium stearate (NaSt), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), prior to phase-transfer. The nanoparticles were phase-transferred to the non-aqueous solvents, and the stability of the colloids in the various solvents before and after functionalization was recorded with UV–visible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential (ζ), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The study was also extended to include silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to evaluate broad-range applicability. Among the ligands studied, HPC functionalization demonstrated the widest range of phase-transfer stability across 21 days for all three particle systems studied. UV–vis spectroscopy demonstrated sustained LSPR integrity after HPC functionalization in EG, THF, and DCM. SEM, TEM, and hydrodynamic size measurements by DLS further confirmed no aggregation in EG, THF, and DCM but suggested possible twinning or clustering in the solution. Overall, this work successfully identified non-toxic alternatives to expand the LSPR stability of citrate-synthesized metal nanoparticles in organic solvents. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanowires and Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization and Applications)
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Review

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40 pages, 2560 KB  
Review
Magnetic Nanostructures for the Removal of Emerging Organic and Inorganic Pollutants: An Overview of Applications in Contaminated Water
by Raquel Murillo-Ortíz, María J. Martínez-Carreón, Rosario Herrera-Rivera, Deyani Nocedo-Mena and Eduardo G. Pérez-Tijerina
Materials 2026, 19(6), 1057; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19061057 - 10 Mar 2026
Viewed by 533
Abstract
Magnetic nanomaterials (MNMs) have been adopted as effective platforms for water remediation owing to their excellent surface-area-to-volume ratios, tunable surface chemistry, and magnetic separability. This review highlights the recent progress made in the synthesis, properties, and environmental applications in the removal of organic [...] Read more.
Magnetic nanomaterials (MNMs) have been adopted as effective platforms for water remediation owing to their excellent surface-area-to-volume ratios, tunable surface chemistry, and magnetic separability. This review highlights the recent progress made in the synthesis, properties, and environmental applications in the removal of organic and inorganic contaminants using magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and one-dimensional magnetic nanofibers. Demonstrated removal rates of organic contaminants such as dyes, pharmaceuticals, and pesticides are often up to 85–100% under laboratory conditions, with adsorption capacities of 580 mg·g−1 for melanoidin, 397.43 mg·g−1 for Congo Red, and 392.64 mg·g−1 for tetracycline. For heavy metals such as As(V), Cd(II), Cr(VI) and Pb(II), efficiencies are generally between 90–99% with maximum adsorption capacities of 909.1 mg·g−1 for Pb(II). In particular, the review compares major synthesis routes such as coprecipitation, hydrothermal, solvothermal, thermal decomposition, sol–gel, microwave, and green methods by evaluating their effect on particle size (6–50 nm), magnetic properties (saturation magnetization up to ~101 emu·g−1), and removal performance. The four principal mechanisms are described in this paper—adsorption, filtration, transformation, and photocatalysis—giving special emphasis to the advantages of magnetic recovery and advanced oxidation processes. Although most studies remain at the laboratory scale, MNMs demonstrate strong potential for scalable wastewater treatment, provided that toxicity, life-cycle impacts, and matrix effects are carefully evaluated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanowires and Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization and Applications)
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