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Advanced Dental Materials and Methods for Tooth Bioengineering and Regenerative Dentistry

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 April 2023) | Viewed by 4603

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Mostafa EzEldeen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Interests: pediatric dentistry and special dental care; tooth autotransplantation; dental pulp biology; regenerative endodontics; 3D (bio)-printing; biomaterials; hydrogels; drug delivery
Dr. Simon Pedano

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Interests: endodontics; biomaterials; calcium silicate cements; dental pulp stem/stromal cells; whole tooth ex vivo model; dental pulp engineering

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Over the past few decades, the introduction of new materials has greatly impacted the advancement of modern dentistry. Different categories of materials, scaffolds, and medicinal signaling cells (MSCs) have been used to treat dental and orofacial diseases. Biological, synthetic, and hybrid materials are used for multiple dental applications such as tissue remineralization, natural tooth replacement, dental composites functionalization, implants, scaffolds in regenerative dentistry, biosensors, and drug delivery systems. This Special Issue on “Advanced Dental Materials and Methods for Tooth Bioengineering and Regenerative Dentistry” is dedicated to advances in the field of biomaterials functionalized in order to improve their properties, targeting dental applications. Studies on all types of dental materials are welcomed in the form of full papers, communications, and reviews.

Dr. Mostafa EzEldeen
Dr. Simon Pedano
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • tooth engineering and regenerative medicine
  • biomaterials
  • whole-tooth tissue engineering
  • pulp regeneration
  • bone regeneration
  • composites
  • tooth-on-a-chip
  • nanomolecules

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 11667 KiB  
Article
Comparison of the Biological Behavior and Topographical Surface Assessment of a Minimally Invasive Dental Implant and a Standard Implant: An In Vitro Study
by Nina Attik, Marina Phantarasmy, Hazem Abouelleil, Charlène Chevalier, Aurore Barraco, Brigitte Grosgogeat and Arnaud Lafon
Materials 2022, 15(21), 7540; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15217540 - 27 Oct 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2599
Abstract
The current study aimed to assess the topographical and physical properties of a minimally invasive implant (MagiCore®: MC®, InnosBioSurg, IBS) and to evaluate its biological behavior compared to a gold standard implant (NobelParallel™: NB™, Nobel Biocare™). After surface characterization, [...] Read more.
The current study aimed to assess the topographical and physical properties of a minimally invasive implant (MagiCore®: MC®, InnosBioSurg, IBS) and to evaluate its biological behavior compared to a gold standard implant (NobelParallel™: NB™, Nobel Biocare™). After surface characterization, the biological behavior assessment was conducted regarding human gingival fibroblasts (hGF) and osteoblast-like cells (MG63). Roughness values for NBTM were Ra = 1.28 µm and for MC® they were Ra = 2.02 µm. Alamar BlueTM assay LIVE/DEADTM staining results indicated equivalent biological development regarding both cell types for the two implants. Significant enhancement was found for hGF ALP activity in the presence of the two tested implants in a time-dependent manner from day 7 to day 14 (** p < 0.01). Alizarin red staining demonstrated significant calcium deposition enhancement when cells were interfaced with the NB™ compared to the MC® implant (** p < 0.05). Moreover, SEM and confocal imaging revealed good cell adhesion with a denser cellular layer on the MC® than the NB™ surface. The MC® cytocompatibility was ranked as equivalent to the gold standard implant despite the surface properties differences. These findings provide new insights about the minimally invasive implant’s biological behavior and its potential clinical implication in different implantology situations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Dental Materials and Methods for Tooth Bioengineering and Regenerative Dentistry)
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14 pages, 3733 KiB  
Article
The Cytocompatibility of Silver Diamine Fluoride on Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth: An In Vitro Study
by David García-Bernal, Maria Pilar Pecci-Lloret and Sergio López-García
Materials 2022, 15(6), 2104; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15062104 - 12 Mar 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2569
Abstract
Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) has been used for many years for the treatment of caries, and minimally invasive dentistry concepts have made it popular again. The fact that its application does not require the administration of anesthesia makes its use in children more [...] Read more.
Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) has been used for many years for the treatment of caries, and minimally invasive dentistry concepts have made it popular again. The fact that its application does not require the administration of anesthesia makes its use in children more desirable. The aim of this study was to determine the cytotoxicity of two new commercial SDF products: Riva Star (SDI Dental Limited) and e-SDF (Kids-e-Dental) on mesenchymal stromal cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs). SHEDs were exposed to SDF products at different concentrations (0.1%, 0.01% and 0.005%). Then different assays were performed to evaluate their cytocompatibility on SHEDs: IC50, MTT, cell migration (wound healing), cell cytoskeleton staining, cell apoptosis, generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and ion chromatography. Statistical analyses were performed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test (p < 0.05). Riva Star Step 2 showed the same cell metabolic activity when compared to the control condition at any time and concentration. Meanwhile, e-SDF displayed high cytotoxicity at any time and any concentration (*** p < 0.001), whereas Riva Star Step 1 displayed high cytotoxicity at any time at 0.1% and 0.01% (*** p < 0.001). Only e-SDF showed a statistically significant decreased cell migration rate (*** p < 0.001) at all times and in all concentrations. At 0.1%, e-SDF and Riva Star Step 1 only showed 4.37% and 4.47% of viable cells, respectively. These results suggest that Riva Star has better in vitro cytocompatibility on SHEDs than does e-SDF. Riva Star Step 1 was found to be as cytotoxic as e-SDF, but it had better biological properties when mixed with Riva Star Step 2. Our findings suggest that Riva Star is more suitable when used in deciduous teeth due to its lower cytotoxicity compared to e-SDF. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Dental Materials and Methods for Tooth Bioengineering and Regenerative Dentistry)
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Review

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20 pages, 796 KiB  
Review
Regeneration of the Pulp Tissue: Cell Homing versus Cell Transplantation Approach: A Systematic Review
by Elisabeth Tirez and Mariano S. Pedano
Materials 2022, 15(23), 8603; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15238603 - 2 Dec 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2372
Abstract
Background: The main objective of this systematic review was to compare the apical healing, root maturation and histological characteristics of teeth treated with cell-based versus cell-free techniques. Methods: The methodology of this review was based on the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic [...] Read more.
Background: The main objective of this systematic review was to compare the apical healing, root maturation and histological characteristics of teeth treated with cell-based versus cell-free techniques. Methods: The methodology of this review was based on the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. A literature search strategy was carried out on PubMed, EMBASE and the Web of Science databases. The last search was done on 1 August 2021. Articles written in languages other than English were excluded. Two researchers independently selected the studies and extracted the data. As no randomized clinical trials were available, animal studies were included. Results: In total, 26 studies were included in the systematic review: 22 articles only researched the cell-free technique, 3 articles compared the cell-based to the cell-free technique, and 1 article compared the cell-based technique to apexification. In terms of apical healing, qualitative analysis of the data suggested that there seems to be no significant difference between cell-free and cell-based techniques. The results regarding tooth maturation are contradictory. The main difference between the cell-free and the cell-based techniques seems to be the histology of the treated tooth. The cell-free technique seems to result in cementum-like, bone-like or periodontal ligament-like tissue. One study, on the other hand, found that the cell-based technique resulted in regeneration of the whole pulp with an odontoblast layer, connective tissue, blood vessels and neuronal tissue. Conclusions: Currently, the number of randomized clinical trials on this topic are very scarce. This is probably due to the limited infrastructure and lack of resources to apply the cell-based technique. Even though both techniques seem to be promising for clinical application, long-term data need to be provided regarding the healing and reparative patterns. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Dental Materials and Methods for Tooth Bioengineering and Regenerative Dentistry)
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