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Structures and Weldability of Metallic Materials
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Structures and Weldability of Metallic Materials

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Manufacturing Processes and Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 June 2024 | Viewed by 2459

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Nitin Saini

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Chemicals and Materails Engineering Depeartment, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 1H9, Canada
Interests: physical metallurgy; welding metallurgy; reliability and life assessments of components; failure analysis
Prof. Dr. Dariusz Fydrych

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Manufacturing and Materials Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Ship Technology, Gdańsk University of Technology, ul. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
Interests: underwater welding; friction stir welding; dissimilar welded joints; diffusible hydrogen; weldability tests
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Andrzej Kubit

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Manufacturing and Production Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, Rzeszow University of Technology, Al. Powst. Warszawy 8, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
Interests: refill friction stir spot welding; friction stir welding; thin-walled structures; adhesive joining; fatigue analysis of joints; composites; incremental sheet forming
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The weldability of metallic materials refers to their ability to be welded under the fabrication conditions imposed into a specific, suitably designed structure and to perform satisfactorily in the intended service. The melting and resolidifying of alloys during welding eliminates the designed microstructure and reduces the performance of metallic materials. Carbon equivalent limits the weldability and, therefore, performance of the welded structure. The performance of the structure depends on the working conditions of the welded structure and the technical requirements set forth in the design.

This Special Issue welcomes articles covering the weldability and performance of similar and dissimilar metals, including low carbon steels, C-Mn steels, Cr-Mo steels, creep strength enhanced ferritic steels, high strength low alloy steels, stainless steels, Ni-based alloys, high entropy alloys, etc. The latest findings regarding welding repair, weld overlays, and additive manufacturing, with the recent advancements in physical metallurgy, computational thermodynamics, and machine learning approaches, are also welcome.

Dr. Nitin Saini
Prof. Dr. Dariusz Fydrych
Prof. Dr. Andrzej Kubit
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • weldability and characterization of welded components
  • performance of welded components (including creep, fatigue, creep-fatigue, erosion, and corrosion)
  • failure analysis of welded joints
  • hydrogen embrittlement
  • weld overlays and repair
  • high entropy alloys
  • additive manufacturing
  • numerical analysis of welded components

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 18917 KiB  
Article
Crack-Tip Opening Displacement of Girth Welds in a Lean X70 Pipeline Steel
by Jing Li, Peng Yu, Nitin Saini and Leijun Li
Materials 2024, 17(2), 391; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17020391 - 12 Jan 2024
Viewed by 622
Abstract
Crack-tip opening displacement (CTOD) tests were conducted on girth welds of two API 5L X70 pipeline steels (pipe A and pipe B) to investigate the influence of base metal composition on the fracture toughness of the joint. CTOD measurements across the weld showed [...] Read more.
Crack-tip opening displacement (CTOD) tests were conducted on girth welds of two API 5L X70 pipeline steels (pipe A and pipe B) to investigate the influence of base metal composition on the fracture toughness of the joint. CTOD measurements across the weld showed that the weld fusion zone had the lowest CTOD values for both pipes, with pipe B having a higher CTOD value than pipe A. Detailed microstructure characterization of the multi-pass weld showed that the fusion zone in both pipes consisted of three distinct zones: the columnar zone, the coarse equiaxed zone, and the fine equiaxed zone. Both the columnar zone and coarse-grained equiaxed zone had acicular ferrite and grain boundary ferrite microstructures, whereas the fine-grained equiaxed zone had a finer ferrite microstructure compared to the other two zones. The main difference between the two pipes was the variation in ferrite grain sizes and the volume fractions of grain boundary ferrite and acicular ferrite. In comparison to pipe B, pipe A, with a higher concentration of Mo, Ni, and Cu in both the base metal and the weld fusion zones, consisted of a higher volume fraction of grain boundary ferrite and a lower volume fraction of acicular ferrite in the columnar and coarse-grained equiaxed zones. The lower concentration of Mo, Ni, and Cu in pipe B likely resulted in the formation of a predominantly acicular ferrite microstructure in the fusion zone, thereby improving the toughness of the weld joint in comparison to pipe A. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structures and Weldability of Metallic Materials)
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11 pages, 3445 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of the Butt-Welded Joints of Spiral Pipes Made of L485ME (X70) Steel
by Lechosław Tuz
Materials 2023, 16(19), 6557; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16196557 - 05 Oct 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 791
Abstract
The expansion of the gas pipeline network makes it necessary, on the one hand, to meet the requirements of standards regarding the materials used, but on the other hand, it is necessary to weld them. In the case of natural gas as a [...] Read more.
The expansion of the gas pipeline network makes it necessary, on the one hand, to meet the requirements of standards regarding the materials used, but on the other hand, it is necessary to weld them. In the case of natural gas as a fuel, the welding process is widely used, but in the case of replacing natural gas with a mixture of this gas and hydrogen, the requirements regarding the quality of the process must be significantly increased or the process must be completely changed. This article presents the results of testing welded joints for a newly developed welding technology for the transmission of a hydrogen mixture. Material tests were carried out on a butt-circumferential-welded joint made between two spiral pipes with an outer diameter of 711 mm and wall thickness of 11 mm in the X70 grade. The developed welding technology is distinguished by a change in the beveling method of the edges, which allows the heat input to the material to be limited. The technology was developed for use in natural on-shore and off-shore gas pipelines with the addition of hydrogen. As a result, additional requirements in terms of joint plasticity had to be met during welding. The test results obtained indicate that the joints are characterized by high strength (more than 581 MPa), higher than that of the base material (fracture in the base material) and good impact strength at reduced temperature (more than 129 J). In transverse corrosion, a hardness below 250 HV and a favorable structure of ferrite with different morphologies were obtained. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structures and Weldability of Metallic Materials)
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17 pages, 17061 KiB  
Article
High-Temperature Tensile Behaviour of GTAW Joints of P92 Steel and Alloy 617 for Two Different Fillers
by Amit Kumar, Sachin Sirohi, Shailesh Mani Pandey, Pradeep Kumar, Dariusz Fydrych and Chandan Pandey
Materials 2023, 16(17), 5880; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16175880 - 28 Aug 2023
Viewed by 681
Abstract
This study explores the high-temperature (HT) tensile rupture characteristics of a dissimilar gas-tungsten-arc-welded (GTAW) joint between P92 steel and Alloy 617, fabricated using ER62S-B9 and ERNiCrCoMo-1 fillers. The high-temperature tensile tests were performed at elevated temperatures of 550 °C and 650 °C. An [...] Read more.
This study explores the high-temperature (HT) tensile rupture characteristics of a dissimilar gas-tungsten-arc-welded (GTAW) joint between P92 steel and Alloy 617, fabricated using ER62S-B9 and ERNiCrCoMo-1 fillers. The high-temperature tensile tests were performed at elevated temperatures of 550 °C and 650 °C. An optical microscope (OM) and a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) were utilized to characterize the joint. The high-temperature test results indicated that the specimen failed at the P92 base metal/intercritical heat-affected zone (ICHAZ) rather than the weld metal for the ERNiCrCoMo-1(IN617) filler. This finding confirmed the suitability of the joint for use in the Indian advanced ultra-supercritical (A-USC) program. The fracture surface morphology and presence of precipitates were analysed using an SEM equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The appearance of the dimples and voids confirmed that both welded fillers underwent ductile–dominant fracture. EDS analysis revealed the presence of Cr-rich M23C6 phases, which was confirmed on the fracture surface of the ER62S-B9 weld (P92-weld). The hardness plot was analysed both in the as-welded condition and after the fracture. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structures and Weldability of Metallic Materials)
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