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Advanced Dental Materials: From Design to Application, Third Edition
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Advanced Dental Materials: From Design to Application, Third Edition

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 April 2026 | Viewed by 3112

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Josip Kranjčić

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Guest Editor
Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, Gunduliceva 5, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
Interests: prosthodontics; dental materials; oral rehabilitation; temporomandibular disorders
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Tina Poklepovic Pericic

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Guest Editor
School of Medicine, University of Split, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia
Interests: evidence-based dental medicine; systematic reviews; scoping reviews; methodological research; assessment of research quality; clinical practice guidelines; qualitative studies
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The success of our previous two volumes of the Special Issue “Advanced Dental Materials: From Design to Application” underlines that the development of dentistry, and hence dental materials, is rapid and requires further research. This has encouraged us to create a second Special Issue under the same title that will further present state-of-the-art advances in dental materials.

Nowadays, the expectations of patients and the demands of dentists are increasing. Much effort is invested in the development and improvement of the properties of dental materials used in everyday practice. The aesthetic properties of the materials are very important, but so are their mechanical and physical properties, meaning that they can withstand loads within a very dynamic environment such as the oral cavity.

Therefore, the aim of this Special Issue is to present the results of the latest research on the properties of various materials, including ceramic, acrylic resin and composite materials, and dental alloys, as well as their application in the field of prosthodontics using analog and digital technologies, i.e., additive and subtractive manufacturing technologies.

As the Guest Editors of the journal Materials, we would like to invite you to submit a research article, review paper, or case report.

Dr. Josip Kranjčić
Dr. Tina Poklepovic Pericic
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • dental materials
  • ceramics
  • dental alloys
  • composite materials
  • CAD–CAM technology
  • dental implants
  • prosthodontics
  • fixed prosthodontics
  • removable dental prosthesis base materials
  • restorative dentistry

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Related Special Issues

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 5727 KB  
Article
Mechanical Properties of Dental Composites Modified with Liquid Rubber and Their Effect on Stress Distribution in Fillings
by Monika Sowa, Leszek Borkowski and Krzysztof Pałka
Materials 2025, 18(24), 5664; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18245664 - 17 Dec 2025
Viewed by 137
Abstract
Dental composites are commonly used for the restoration of hard tooth tissues, but their low fracture toughness may limit their lifespan. In this study, the effect of liquid rubber modification on the mechanical properties and fracture mechanisms of two types of dental composites, [...] Read more.
Dental composites are commonly used for the restoration of hard tooth tissues, but their low fracture toughness may limit their lifespan. In this study, the effect of liquid rubber modification on the mechanical properties and fracture mechanisms of two types of dental composites, flow and classic, was evaluated. The study used experimental composites containing a mixture of dimethacrylate resins: BisGMA (20% by weight), BisEMA (30% by weight), UDMA (30% by weight), and TEGDMA (20% by weight). Composites were reinforced with Al-Ba-B-Si glass, Ba-Al-B-F-Si glass with particle sizes of 0.7 and 2 μm respectively, as well as pyrogenic silica (20 nm). The inorganic phase was introduced in an amount of 50% vol. for flow material and 80% vol. for classic composite. As a modifier, Hypro 2000X168LC VTB liquid rubber (Huntsman International LLC, USA) was used in an amount of 5% by weight relative to the matrix. The flexural strength, Young’s modulus, and fracture toughness were evaluated. Numerical FEM analysis allowed for the evaluation of stress distribution in the filling area. The results confirmed that the modification of composites with liquid rubber contributes to an increase in fracture toughness. For the flow-type material, the fracture toughness increased from 1.04 to 1.13 MPa·m1/2. At the same time, a decrease in flexural strength from 71.90 MPa to 61.48 MPa and in Young’s modulus from 2.98 GPa to 2.53 GPa. In the case of the classical composite, the modification with liquid rubber also improved the resistance to fracture, increasing it from 1.97 to 2.18 MPa·m1/2 while the flexural strength decreased from 102.30 MPa to 90.96 MPa, and the modulus dropped from 7.33 GPa to 6.16 GPa. FEA analysis confirmed that modified composites exhibit a more favorable stress distribution with lower tensile stress levels (approximately 20 MPa in contrast to 25 MPa for the classic composite). Mechanisms of fracture and strengthening were also identified. The main fracture mechanism was intermolecular cracking with crack deflections. Modification with liquid rubber resulted in the formation of elastic bridges and plastic shear zones at the front of the crack. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Dental Materials: From Design to Application, Third Edition)
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12 pages, 908 KB  
Article
Water Sorption and Water Solubility of Digitally Fabricated Denture Base Materials
by Josip Vuksic, Ana Pilipovic, Tina Poklepovic Pericic and Josip Kranjcic
Materials 2025, 18(23), 5343; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18235343 - 27 Nov 2025
Viewed by 415
Abstract
(1) Background: Digitally fabricated denture base materials are increasingly used in everyday clinical practice, but scientific data on their properties is limited, especially regarding water sorption and water solubility. Water absorbed in denture base material penetrates between the polymer chains, acts as a [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Digitally fabricated denture base materials are increasingly used in everyday clinical practice, but scientific data on their properties is limited, especially regarding water sorption and water solubility. Water absorbed in denture base material penetrates between the polymer chains, acts as a plasticiser, and negatively affects mechanical properties. Residual monomers and other chemicals not chemically bonded in the polymer matrix can dissolve in water and may cause biological consequences such as irritation and inflammation of the oral mucosa or even allergic reactions. This can also have a deteriorating effect on the materials. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the water sorption and water solubility of digitally fabricated denture base materials. (2) Methods: Six denture base materials were used in this investigation: three subtractively manufactured materials, two additively manufactured materials, and one heat-cured poly(methyl methacrylate) material as a control group. The investigation was carried out according to ISO 20795-1:2013. (3) Results: Water sorption for the control group was 28.02 µg/mm3, while all digitally fabricated denture base materials showed statistically significantly lower values, ranging between 20.42 and 23.54 µg/mm3, with a statistical difference observed within the subtractively manufactured group. All materials had water sorption values below the upper limit of 32 µg/mm3 specified in ISO 20795-1:2013. Water solubility for subtractively manufactured materials ranged between 0.04 and 0.40 µg/mm3, with values both higher and lower than the control group, but with no statistical difference. Water solubility for additively manufactured materials was 3.01 and 3.22 µg/mm3, which was statistically significantly higher than the control group, and these results exceeded the upper limit of 1.6 µg/mm3 specified in ISO 20795-1:2013. (4) Conclusions: Digitally fabricated denture base materials showed improved water sorption compared to the heat-cured material, while water solubility for subtractively manufactured materials was similar to the heat-cured material and poorer for additively manufactured denture base materials, with results that did not meet the minimum requirements set by ISO 20795-1:2013. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Dental Materials: From Design to Application, Third Edition)
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30 pages, 1030 KB  
Systematic Review
Evaluation of Factors Affecting Fluoride Release from Dental Sealants: A Systematic Review
by Maciej Dobrzyński, Sylwia Klimas, Agnieszka Kotela, Zuzanna Majchrzak, Julia Kensy, Marzena Laszczyńska, Witold Świenc, Natalia Grychowska-Gąsior, Magdalena Fast and Jacek Matys
Materials 2025, 18(23), 5350; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18235350 - 27 Nov 2025
Viewed by 374
Abstract
Introduction: Fluoride-releasing sealants play a crucial role in caries prevention by providing both mechanical protection and controlled ion release. However, the rate and duration of fluoride emission vary depending on material composition and environmental conditions. Objectives: This systematic review aimed to identify and [...] Read more.
Introduction: Fluoride-releasing sealants play a crucial role in caries prevention by providing both mechanical protection and controlled ion release. However, the rate and duration of fluoride emission vary depending on material composition and environmental conditions. Objectives: This systematic review aimed to identify and analyze factors influencing fluoride release and recharge capacity from contemporary dental sealants. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in September 2025 across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and WorldCat using the keywords “fluoride release” AND “sealant.” Study selection followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines and predefined PICO-based eligibility criteria. Out of the 375 records initially identified, 16 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were incorporated into the qualitative analysis. Results: Glass-ionomer and resin-modified glass-ionomer sealants (e.g., Fuji VII, Fuji IX, Fuji II LC, Ketac Molar, Vitremer) consistently demonstrated higher fluoride release and superior recharge capacity compared with resin-based sealants (e.g., Clinpro, Helioseal F, BeautiSealant). Most studies reported a biphasic fluoride-release pattern, characterized by an initial burst within the first 24–48 h followed by a slower, sustained phase lasting several weeks. Environmental parameters, including storage medium, pH, and temperature, significantly affected fluoride-release kinetics. Additional outcomes such as enamel remineralization, antibacterial activity, microleakage, and surface hardness were also reported. Conclusions: Both material composition and environmental factors substantially influence fluoride release from dental sealants. Glass-ionomer–based materials demonstrate more durable and higher fluoride release, with acidic conditions enhancing ion diffusion. Clinically, these materials are particularly beneficial for patients at high caries risk, whereas resin-based sealants remain preferable in low-risk cases due to better retention and esthetics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Dental Materials: From Design to Application, Third Edition)
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24 pages, 1249 KB  
Systematic Review
Evaluation of Factors Affecting Fluoride Release from Fluoride Varnishes: A Systematic Review
by Maciej Dobrzyński, Agnieszka Kotela, Sylwia Klimas, Zuzanna Majchrzak, Julia Kensy, Marzena Laszczyńska, Mateusz Michalak, Zbigniew Rybak, Magdalena Fast and Jacek Matys
Materials 2025, 18(19), 4603; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18194603 - 4 Oct 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1910
Abstract
Introduction: Fluoride varnishes are widely used in caries prevention, but the rate and duration of fluoride ion release differ depending on material composition and environmental factors. Objectives: This systematic review synthesized evidence from in vitro studies on human teeth to identify key factors [...] Read more.
Introduction: Fluoride varnishes are widely used in caries prevention, but the rate and duration of fluoride ion release differ depending on material composition and environmental factors. Objectives: This systematic review synthesized evidence from in vitro studies on human teeth to identify key factors influencing fluoride release. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in July 2025 in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library using the terms “fluoride release” AND “varnish” in titles and abstracts. Study selection followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines, predefined eligibility criteria, and was structured according to the PICO framework. Of 484 retrieved records, 15 studies met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed qualitatively. Results: The primary outcome was the magnitude and duration of fluoride release from varnishes. Most studies reported peak release within the first 24 h, followed by a marked decline, although some formulations (e.g., Clinpro XT and Duraphat) maintained more stable long-term release. Substantial methodological heterogeneity was observed across studies, including differences in sample type, storage medium, pH, temperature, and measurement protocols, which influenced fluoride release dynamics. Reported secondary outcomes included enamel remineralization, changes in surface properties, and antibacterial activity, with bioactive additives such as CPP–ACP and TCP enhancing preventive effects. Acidic conditions consistently increased fluoride release. Conclusions: The magnitude and persistence of fluoride release from varnishes depend on both intrinsic material properties and external environmental conditions. Bioactive additives may prolong fluoride availability and provide additional preventive benefits. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Dental Materials: From Design to Application, Third Edition)
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