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Design and Development of Metal-Based Biomaterials
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Design and Development of Metal-Based Biomaterials

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 August 2025 | Viewed by 2940

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Ligang Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Material Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
Interests: aluminum alloy; titanium alloy; thermoelectric material; materials design and processing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The design and development of metal-based biomaterials is a critical area of research in the fields of materials science and biomedical engineering. Metallic biomaterials are used in a wide range of medical applications, including orthopedic implants, dental implants, and cardiovascular devices. Researchers in this field focus on creating biomaterials that are biocompatible, corrosion-resistant, and possess mechanical properties similar to those of human tissues. The development of metallic biomaterials involves the design of new alloys, surface modifications to enhance biocompatibility, and testing for durability and performance in biological environments. By advancing the design and development of metal-based biomaterials, researchers aim to improve the effectiveness and longevity of medical implants, ultimately enhancing the quality of life for patients.

Dr. Ligang Zhang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • metallic biomaterials
  • titanium alloys
  • zirconium alloys
  • biometals
  • biocompatibility
  • biodegradable
  • implants
  • tissue engineering

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 7725 KiB  
Article
Critical Design Parameters of Tantalum-Based Comb Structures to Manipulate Mammalian Cell Morphology
by Hassan I. Moussa, Megan Logan, Ali Eskandari, D. Moira Glerum, Marc G. Aucoin and Ting Y. Tsui
Materials 2025, 18(9), 2099; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18092099 - 3 May 2025
Viewed by 209
Abstract
Mammalian tissues and cells often orient naturally in specific patterns to function effectively. This cellular alignment is influenced by the chemical nature and topographic features of the extracellular matrix. In implants, a range of different materials have been used in vivo. Of those, [...] Read more.
Mammalian tissues and cells often orient naturally in specific patterns to function effectively. This cellular alignment is influenced by the chemical nature and topographic features of the extracellular matrix. In implants, a range of different materials have been used in vivo. Of those, tantalum and its alloys are promising materials, especially in orthopedic implant applications. Previous studies have demonstrated that nano- and micro-scale surface features, such as symmetric comb structures, can significantly affect cell behavior and alignment. However, patterning need not be restricted to symmetric geometries, and there remains a gap in knowledge regarding how cells respond to asymmetric comb structures, where the widths of the trenches and lines in the comb differ. This study aims to address this gap by examining how Vero cells (cells derived from an African green monkey) respond when applied to tantalum and tantalum/silicon oxide asymmetric comb structures having fixed trench widths of 1 μm and line widths ranging from 3 μm to 50 μm. We also look at the cell responses on inverted patterns, where the line widths were fixed at 1 μm while trench widths varied. The orientation and morphology of the adherent cells were analyzed using fluorescence confocal microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Our results indicate that the widths of the trenches and lines are important design parameters influencing cell behavior on asymmetric comb structures. Furthermore, the ability to manipulate cell morphology using these structures decreased when parts of the tantalum lines were replaced with silicon oxide. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design and Development of Metal-Based Biomaterials)
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14 pages, 4733 KiB  
Article
In Vitro Proliferation of MG-63 Cells in Additively Manufactured Ti-6Al-4V Biomimetic Lattice Structures with Varying Strut Geometry and Porosity
by Dimitri P. Papazoglou, Laura Hobbs, Yvonne Sun and Amy Neidhard-Doll
Materials 2024, 17(18), 4608; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17184608 - 20 Sep 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 889
Abstract
Lattice structures have demonstrated the ability to provide secondary stability in orthopedic implants by promoting internal bone growth. In response to the growing prevalence of lattices in orthopedic design, we investigated the effects of porosity and unit cell geometry in additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V [...] Read more.
Lattice structures have demonstrated the ability to provide secondary stability in orthopedic implants by promoting internal bone growth. In response to the growing prevalence of lattices in orthopedic design, we investigated the effects of porosity and unit cell geometry in additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V biomimetic lattice structures on the osteogenesis of human MG-63 osteoblastic cell lines in vitro. We analyzed glucose consumption, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) concentration, and end-of-culture cell count as markers for osteogenic growth. Two different strut geometries were utilized (cubic and body-centered cubic), along with four different pore sizes (400, 500, 600, and 900 µm, representing 40–90% porosity in a 10 mm cube), in addition to a solid specimen. Structural characterization was performed using scanning electron microscopy. The results indicated that lattices with a 900 µm pore size exhibited the highest glucose consumption, the greatest change in ALP activity, and the highest cell count when compared to other pore sizes. Cubic 900 µm lattice structures outperformed other specimens in facilitating the maturation of viable MG-63 cells from the formation to the mineralization phase of bone remodeling, offering the most promise for osseointegration in additively manufactured titanium implants in the future. However, irrespective of a particular pore size or unit cell geometry, it was found that all the lattices were capable of promoting osteogenic growth due to surface roughness in the printed parts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design and Development of Metal-Based Biomaterials)
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11 pages, 6101 KiB  
Article
Effect of Partial Substitution of Zr for Ti Solvent on Young’s Modulus, Strength, and Biocompatibility in Beta Ti Alloy
by Yusuke Nomura, Mio Okada, Tomoyo Manaka, Taiki Tsuchiya, Mami Iwasaki, Kenji Matsuda and Takuya Ishimoto
Materials 2024, 17(11), 2548; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17112548 - 25 May 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1332
Abstract
In orthopedics and dentistry, there is an urgent need to obtain low-stiffness implants that suppress the stress shielding caused by the use of metallic implants. In this study, we aimed to fabricate alloys that can reduce the stiffness by increasing the strength while [...] Read more.
In orthopedics and dentistry, there is an urgent need to obtain low-stiffness implants that suppress the stress shielding caused by the use of metallic implants. In this study, we aimed to fabricate alloys that can reduce the stiffness by increasing the strength while maintaining a low Young’s modulus based on the metastable β-Ti alloy. We designed alloys in which Ti was partially replaced by Zr based on the ISO-approved metastable β-Ti alloy Ti-15Mo-5Zr-3Al. All alloys prepared by arc melting and subsequent solution treatment showed a single β-phase solid solution, with no formation of the ω-phase. The alloys exhibited a low Young’s modulus equivalent to that of Ti-15Mo-5Zr-3Al and a high strength superior to that of Ti-15Mo-5Zr-3Al and Ti-6Al-4V. This strengthening was presumed to be due to solid-solution strengthening. The biocompatibility of the alloys was as good as or better than that of Ti-6Al-4V. These alloys have potential as metallic materials suitable for biomedical applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design and Development of Metal-Based Biomaterials)
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