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Advanced Biomaterials and Nanomaterials for Cancer Therapy

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 September 2023) | Viewed by 2809

Special Issue Editor

Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
Interests: semiconducting; polymer nanoparticle bioimaging and nanomedicine; small-molecule probe for detection of biological and pathological events; lead sulfide quantum dots; rare-earth nanoparticles; gold clusters for second window fluorescence imaging
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The advent of nanotechnology has revolutionized cancer treatment. Biomolecule-based nanomaterials have been extensively explored for advanced cancer nanomedicine. Through rational material design and programming, biomaterials could be fabricated for smart drug or gene delivery, photo-responsive or radiation-responsive therapies, vaccination, and imaging-guided precision medicine. The flexibility of biomaterial or nanomaterial structures allows for the improvement of pharmacokinetics and tumor-targeting efficiency, and a large number of nanoparticle-based cancer therapeutics have entered clinical trials. This Special Issue of Materials aims to publish the latest research in the field of novel biomaterials or nanomaterials for advanced cancer treatments related to immunotherapy, radiation therapy, gene delivery, photo-responsive therapies, controlled or activatable chemo-drug release, imaging-guided combinational therapies of cancer, etc. 

Dr. Yuyan Jiang
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • biomaterials
  • nanomaterials
  • cancer therapeutics
  • immunotherapy
  • drug delivery
  • gene therapy
  • radiation therapy
  • phototherapy

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 6074 KiB  
Article
Graphene Oxide/Cholesterol-Substituted Zinc Phthalocyanine Composites with Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy Properties
by Fuat Erden
Materials 2023, 16(22), 7060; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16227060 - 07 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1097
Abstract
In the present work, cholesterol (Chol)-substituted zinc phthalocyanine (Chol-ZnPc) and its composite with graphene oxide (GO) were prepared for photodynamic therapy (PDT) applications. Briefly, Chol-substituted phthalonitrile (Chol-phthalonitrile) was synthesized first through the substitution of Chol to the phthalonitrile group over the oxygen bridge. [...] Read more.
In the present work, cholesterol (Chol)-substituted zinc phthalocyanine (Chol-ZnPc) and its composite with graphene oxide (GO) were prepared for photodynamic therapy (PDT) applications. Briefly, Chol-substituted phthalonitrile (Chol-phthalonitrile) was synthesized first through the substitution of Chol to the phthalonitrile group over the oxygen bridge. Then, Chol-ZnPc was synthesized by a tetramerization reaction of Chol-phthalonitrile with ZnCl2 in a basic medium. Following this, GO was introduced to Chol-ZnPc, and the successful preparation of the samples was verified through FT-IR, UV–Vis, 1H-NMR, MALDI-TOF MS, SEM, and elemental analysis. Regarding PDT properties, we report that Chol-ZnPc exhibited a singlet oxygen quantum yield (Φ) of 0.54, which is slightly lower than unsubstituted ZnPc. Upon introduction of GO, the GO/Chol-ZnPc composite exhibited a higher Φ, about 0.78, than that of unsubstituted ZnPc. Moreover, this enhancement was realized with a simultaneous improvement in fluorescence quantum yield (ΦF) to 0.36. In addition, DPPH results suggest low antioxidant activity in the composite despite the presence of GO. Overall, GO/Chol-ZnPc might provide combined benefits for PDT, particularly in terms of image guidance and singlet oxygen generation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Biomaterials and Nanomaterials for Cancer Therapy)
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13 pages, 3172 KiB  
Article
Silver Nanoparticles Induced Changes in DNA Methylation and Histone H3 Methylation in a Mouse Model of Breast Cancer
by Kamil Brzóska, Barbara Sochanowicz, Małgorzata Szczygieł, Agnieszka Drzał, Martyna Śniegocka, Dominika Michalczyk-Wetula, Martyna Elas, Lucyna Kapka-Skrzypczak and Marcin Kruszewski
Materials 2023, 16(11), 4163; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16114163 - 02 Jun 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1460
Abstract
The importance of epigenetic changes as a measurable endpoint in nanotoxicological studies is getting more and more appreciated. In the present work, we analyzed the epigenetic effects induced by citrate- and PEG-coated 20 nm silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in a model consisting of 4T1 [...] Read more.
The importance of epigenetic changes as a measurable endpoint in nanotoxicological studies is getting more and more appreciated. In the present work, we analyzed the epigenetic effects induced by citrate- and PEG-coated 20 nm silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in a model consisting of 4T1 breast cancer tumors in mice. Animals were administered with AgNPs intragastrically (1 mg/kg b.w. daily—total dose 14 mg/kg b.w.) or intravenously (administration twice with 1 mg/kg b.w.—total dose 2 mg/kg b.w.). We observed a significant decrease in 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) level in tumors from mice treated with citrate-coated AgNPs regardless of the route of administration. For PEG-coated AgNPs, a significant decrease in DNA methylation was observed only after intravenous administration. Moreover, treatment of 4T1 tumor-bearing mice with AgNPs decreased histone H3 methylation in tumor tissue. This effect was the most pronounced for PEG-coated AgNPs administered intravenously. No changes in histone H3 Lys9 acetylation were observed. The decrease in methylation of DNA and histone H3 was accompanied by changes in expression of genes encoding chromatin-modifying enzymes (Setd4, Setdb1, Smyd3, Suv39h1, Suv420h1, Whsc1, Kdm1a, Kdm5b, Esco2, Hat1, Myst3, Hdac5, Dnmt1, Ube2b, and Usp22) and genes related to carcinogenesis (Akt1, Brca1, Brca2, Mlh1, Myb, Ccnd1, and Src). The significance of the observed changes and the mechanisms responsible for their development are unclear, and more research in this area is warranted. Nevertheless, the present work points to the epigenetic effects as an important level of interaction between nanomaterials and biological systems, which should always be taken into consideration during analysis of the biological activity of nanomaterials and development of nanopharmaceuticals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Biomaterials and Nanomaterials for Cancer Therapy)
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