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Materials for Heavy Metals Removal from Waters (2nd Edition)

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Smart Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 June 2025) | Viewed by 623

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Institute for Sustainable and Circular Construction, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Kosice, Košice, Slovakia
Interests: heavy metals’ leachability from concrete; durability of materials; environmental evaluation of materials; environmental chemistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute for Sustainable and Circular Construction, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Kosice, Košice, Slovakia
Interests: wastewater treatment; acid mine drainage; heavy metal removal; sorption methods; environmental impact assessment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The removal of contaminants from wastewater, such as heavy metals, has become a severe problem around the world. Therefore, appropriate steps need to be taken to reduce the heavy metal content in water to acceptable levels. Several methods have been used to remove heavy metals from contaminated water, including chemical precipitation, ion exchange, adsorption, membrane filtration, reverse osmosis, solvent extraction, electrochemical treatment, and biosorption and bioaccumulation as eco-friendly alternatives. Extensive research has also been carried out to introduce materials that can remove and alleviate heavy metal ions from wastewater. However, these methods have several disadvantages, e.g., high reagent requirements, unpredictable metal ion removal, the generation of toxic sludge, etc.

This Special Issue focuses on innovative trends in heavy metal removal using advanced materials, reagents, and technologies that respect the environmental and economic requirements around the world. Additionally, the composition and properties of used materials, experimental conditions, mechanisms of the studied processes, and efficiency of heavy metal removal are of interest.

Prof. Dr. Adriana Estokova
Prof. Dr. Magdalena Balintova
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • wastewater
  • heavy metal
  • advanced materials
  • physical–chemical methods
  • organic and inorganic agents
  • sorbents
  • wastes
 

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

43 pages, 1523 KB  
Article
Comparison of Cu (II) Adsorption Using Fly Ash and Natural Sorbents During Temperature Change and Thermal–Alkaline Treatment
by Anna Ďuricová, Veronika Štefanka Prepilková, Michal Sečkár, Marián Schwarz, Dagmar Samešová, Tomáš Murajda, Peter Andráš, Adriana Eštoková, Miriama Čambál Hološová, Juraj Poništ, Andrea Zacharová, Jarmila Schmidtová, Darina Veverková and Adrián Biroň
Materials 2025, 18(19), 4552; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18194552 - 30 Sep 2025
Abstract
Mine effluents represent a serious environmental problem on a global scale. Therefore, the effective treatment of this water is a serious issue in the scientific field. The adsorption process seems to be one of the attractive methods, especially due to the simplicity of [...] Read more.
Mine effluents represent a serious environmental problem on a global scale. Therefore, the effective treatment of this water is a serious issue in the scientific field. The adsorption process seems to be one of the attractive methods, especially due to the simplicity of design, affordability or high efficiency. The latest scientific knowledge has shown that the use of waste and natural adsorbents is economical and effective. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of the adsorption process of natural and waste materials—zeolite, bentonite and fly ash—under the influence of temperature and modification of these adsorbents. The novelty of this study resides in an adjustment of the modification method of adsorbents compared to previous research: thermal–alkaline treatment versus hydrothermal one. Another novelty is the use of modified fly ash from biomass combustion as an adsorbent in comparison with the previously used fly ash from coal combustion. The modification of the adsorbents made the adsorption process more effective at all experimental concentrations. The characterisation of adsorbent samples was performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The parameters of the adsorption isotherms, Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin, were estimated by nonlinear regression analysis. The adsorption capacity of Cu (II) of fly ash was comparable to natural adsorbents. Adsorption processes were better described by pseudo-second-order kinetics. At the end of this study, the suitability of using the adsorbents to reduce the concentration of Cu (II) in neutral mine effluents was observed in the following order at 30 °C: unmodified fly ash > modified bentonite > unmodified zeolite. At the temperatures of 20 °C and 10 °C, the same trend of the suitability of adsorbents use was confirmed: modified bentonite > modified zeolite > modified fly ash. The practical applicability of this study lies in the expansion of knowledge in the field of adsorption processes and in the improvement of waste management efficiency of heating plants not only in Slovakia, but also globally. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials for Heavy Metals Removal from Waters (2nd Edition))
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