Recent Advances in High Temperature Tribology

A special issue of Lubricants (ISSN 2075-4442).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 April 2025 | Viewed by 15014

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710021, China
Interests: metal matrix composites; high-temperature friction and lubrication; self-adaptive lubricating and anti-wear materials (coating); high-temperature alloys and ceramics; protection of materials under extreme working conditions
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Guest Editor
School of Mechanical, Materials, Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
Interests: high entropy alloys; titanium alloys; advanced manufacturing; severe plastic deformation; computational modelling; contact mechanics; oxidation and tribology; texture and residual stress
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
Interests: high-temperature tribology; coatings; metal–matrix composites; ceramics; liquid metal; powder metallurgy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

High temperature tribology is gradually developing along with the needs of high-tech fields such as aviation, aerospace and nuclear energy. It concerns friction, wear and lubrication and their relationships at high temperature. High temperature lubrication/anti-wear materials and technologies are greatly required in the fields of aerospace (such as in rolling element bearings, air foil bearings, and gears), national defense technical equipment (such as cylinder wall/piston ring lubrication for low-heat rejection diesel engines, and small arms action components) and hot metal processing (such as hot rolling mills and hot forging tools) and are the key technologies of mechanical systems. It is an immature and important discipline.

We would like to invite researchers to submit original research papers, short communications and review articles to the Special Issue on “Recent Advances in High Temperature Tribology”. This Special Issue is dedicated to disseminating the latest research and understandings based on advanced experimental studies and computational modeling related to friction, wear and lubrication at high temperature. The potential scope of interest includes (but is not limited to):

  • Wear at high temperature
  • Tribology in metal forming
  • High temperature metals and alloys
  • Novel high temperature lubricants
  • High temperature tribology testing
  • Characterization of friction and wear
  • Oxidation in tribology
  • Contact mechanics, computational simulation and multiscale modeling.

Prof. Dr. Long Wang
Dr. Guanyu Deng
Dr. Jun Cheng
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Lubricants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • tribology
  • high temperature lubricant
  • wear
  • solid lubricant
  • simulation and modeling
  • metal forming
  • high temperature alloys and ceramics

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Published Papers (8 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 5443 KiB  
Article
Carbonaceous Decomposition Products at High Temperatures and Their Interfacial Role in the Friction Behaviour of Composite Brake Material
by Piyush Chandra Verma, Pranesh Aswath, Giovanni Straffelini and Stefano Gialanella
Lubricants 2024, 12(11), 399; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants12110399 - 20 Nov 2024
Viewed by 483
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the outcomes of carbonaceous products, derived from the decomposition of the components of vehicular brake materials, under high-temperature wear tests. Pin-on-disc (PoD) wear tests were conducted by using cast iron discs against pins made of commercially available low-steel [...] Read more.
This study aims to investigate the outcomes of carbonaceous products, derived from the decomposition of the components of vehicular brake materials, under high-temperature wear tests. Pin-on-disc (PoD) wear tests were conducted by using cast iron discs against pins made of commercially available low-steel friction material. Tests were carried out at different temperatures: 155 °C, 200 °C, 250 °C, and 300 °C. The characterization of the sliding plateaus on worn pin surfaces was based on X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Raman spectroscopy. It was noted that at temperatures above 200 °C, the thermal degradation of the inorganic resin, used as a material binder, occurs. An interesting observation was recorded at 300 °C; the brake pin material’s friction curve showed higher stability despite having an excessive wear rate. However, the brake pin’s specific wear coefficient was higher at this temperature than was observed in the other friction tests. A detailed study of the friction plateaus on the worn-out pins at 300 °C revealed that the decomposed carbon resin product, i.e., the distorted graphite, was widespread over the surface of the pin. Lubricant stabilization can be expected, as established by the observed values of the coefficient of friction (CoF), retaining values within the 0.4–0.6 range, even at high temperatures. Other friction material components may have contributed to the formation of this ubiquitous carbonaceous interface film. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in High Temperature Tribology)
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16 pages, 10702 KiB  
Article
Difference in High-Temperature Tribological Performance of Oxide/Ag-MoS2-Based Composites
by Yufei Wang, Xibo Shao, Jianyu Liu, Xinyue Hu, Xuhui He and Guanyu Deng
Lubricants 2024, 12(10), 360; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants12100360 - 21 Oct 2024
Viewed by 865
Abstract
MoS2 has excellent vacuum lubricating performance. However, it is prone to be oxidized in a high-temperature atmospheric environment, leading to the deterioration of its lubricating performance and even serious space accidents. The high-temperature lubricating performance of MoS2-based solid lubricating materials [...] Read more.
MoS2 has excellent vacuum lubricating performance. However, it is prone to be oxidized in a high-temperature atmospheric environment, leading to the deterioration of its lubricating performance and even serious space accidents. The high-temperature lubricating performance of MoS2-based solid lubricating materials can be improved to some extent by the co-compounding of appropriate oxides and Ag. The tribological properties of several common nano-oxides (ZnO, TiO2, Al2O3, and ZrO2) composited with metal Ag of MoS2-based composites were compared at 450 °C. The results showed that the comprehensive tribological performance of MoS2-TiO2-Ag was the best, an the average friction coefficient of about 0.26, and a wear rate of about 1.2 × 10−5 mm3/Nm, which was 18% and 43% lower than that of MoS2-Ag, respectively. The excellent tribological properties of MoS2-TiO2-Ag composites were attributed to three aspects: Firstly, with the help of the oxidation resistance of TiO2 to MoS2 to some extent and its high ionic potential, its oxidation resistance was improved and its shear strength was reduced to provide low friction. Secondly, relying on the low shear strength and good film-forming tendency of soft metal Ag on the sliding surface, a low shear tribo-film was easily formed on the friction interface, which was helpful for the synergistic lubrication of Ag, MoS2, and TiO2.Thirdly, through the matching of hard TiO2 and soft Ag, the wear resistance and bearing capacity of the composites were improved to some extent. The research results can provide some reference for the selection and design of MoS2-based high-temperature lubricating materials and the enhancement of their tribological properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in High Temperature Tribology)
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17 pages, 4963 KiB  
Article
Predictive Model for Scuffing Temperature Field Rise of Spiral Bevel Gears under Different Machining Conditions
by Zhi-Jie Cai, Xi-Qing Zheng, Hui-Qing Lan, Liu-Na Wang, Si-Wei Yang and Rui Shen
Lubricants 2024, 12(10), 354; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants12100354 - 14 Oct 2024
Viewed by 621
Abstract
Spiral bevel gears are extensively employed in mechanical transmissions; however, they are prone to adhesive wear when operating under high-speed and heavy-load conditions. Research indicates that the tooth surface roughness of gears significantly influences the friction and wear of the meshing gears. The [...] Read more.
Spiral bevel gears are extensively employed in mechanical transmissions; however, they are prone to adhesive wear when operating under high-speed and heavy-load conditions. Research indicates that the tooth surface roughness of gears significantly influences the friction and wear of the meshing gears. The present study delves into the origins of tooth surface roughness through the integration of the W-M function and fractal theory. Utilizing an involute helical gear with surface roughness for tooth cutting, a three-dimensional model is established with roughened tooth surfaces. This paper introduces an approach to developing three-dimensional gear models with roughness and applies the finite element method to perform thermodynamic analysis on gears exhibiting diverse levels of surface roughness. The thermal analysis of gears with varying degrees of roughness was conducted using the finite element method. Comparative analysis of the results under specific operating conditions elucidated the impact of roughness on tooth surface temperature rise. In order to validate the simulation model, an experimental test platform for spiral bevel gears of identical size was established. This model integrates tooth surface roughness with thermodynamic analysis, allowing for the rapid assessment of tooth surface temperature rise under different machining conditions, and reducing the cost of validating predicted tooth surface load-carrying capacity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in High Temperature Tribology)
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18 pages, 27252 KiB  
Article
High-Temperature Friction and Wear Behavior of Nickel-Alloy Matrix Composites with the Addition of Molybdate
by Jinming Zhen, Congcong Zhen, Yunxiang Han, Lin Yuan, Liwei Yang, Tianqi Yang and Shuo Guo
Lubricants 2023, 11(12), 516; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11120516 - 7 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1762
Abstract
To improve the tribological characteristics of materials employed in spatial mechanisms, there is a significant requirement to develop solid lubricating composites with superior performance. This study investigates the tribological characteristics of composites consisting of a nickel matrix combined with silver molybdate and barium [...] Read more.
To improve the tribological characteristics of materials employed in spatial mechanisms, there is a significant requirement to develop solid lubricating composites with superior performance. This study investigates the tribological characteristics of composites consisting of a nickel matrix combined with silver molybdate and barium molybdate. The experimental analysis focuses on evaluating the tribological behaviors of these composites from 25 °C to 800 °C. The findings indicate that the combined application of silver molybdate and barium molybdate resulted in enhanced self-lubricating properties of the composites, particularly at temperatures over 400 °C. The inclusion of both silver molybdate and barium molybdate in the composite resulted in the achievement of a low friction coefficient (0.34–0.5), as well as a wear rate ranging from 0.47 to 1.25 × 10−4 mm3 N−1m−1, within the temperature range of 400 to 800 °C. Furthermore, an analysis was conducted to examine the wear processes of the composites at various sliding temperatures. This analysis was based on the evaluation of the chemical composition and morphologies of the sliding surfaces, which were verified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and Raman spectroscopy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in High Temperature Tribology)
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14 pages, 7280 KiB  
Article
Simulation Study on the Influence of a Laser Power Change on the Residual Stress of a Laser-Melting RuT300 Valve Seat
by Wendan Tan and Ming Pang
Lubricants 2023, 11(10), 435; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11100435 - 9 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1280
Abstract
In order to effectively suppress the cracking induced by the excessive residual stress of a laser-melting RuT300 valve seat, the influence of a laser power change on the residual stress was studied by constructing a finite element simulation model of a new power [...] Read more.
In order to effectively suppress the cracking induced by the excessive residual stress of a laser-melting RuT300 valve seat, the influence of a laser power change on the residual stress was studied by constructing a finite element simulation model of a new power valve seat. The absorption rate of the laser energy on the surface of the material and the change in thermophysical parameters with temperature were taken into account in the model. The results show that the melting and phase-change-hardening areas can be obtained by the laser-melting process. With the increase in laser power, the peak temperature of the molten pool increased almost linearly. The melting zone area and the phase-change-hardening zone depth increased. When the laser power was increased from 2000 to 2600 W, the peak temperature of the laser-melting RuT300 valve seat increased from 2005.09 to 2641.93 °C, the maximum depth of the melting area increased from 0.55 to 0.86 mm, the maximum width of the melting area increased from 3.42 to 4.21 mm, and the maximum depth of the phase-change-hardening area increased from 0.55 to 0.64 mm. The circumferential residual tensile stress in the melting area was much higher than in the radial and axial directions. Along the laser scanning direction, the residual stress in the melting area increased as a whole, and the residual stress in the laser-scanning finishing area greatly increased. With the increase in laser power, the circumferential residual stress at the previous scanning moment decreased, and at the closing moment of the scan, the circumferential residual stress increased with the increase in laser power. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in High Temperature Tribology)
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14 pages, 8120 KiB  
Article
Influence of Concentration of Sodium Metasilicate and Descaling on the High Temperature Lubricating Effects Evaluated by Hot Rolling Mill
by Hongliang Liu, Xun Wu, Jiaxuan Huang, Xibo Shao, Pei Wang, Guanyu Deng and Long Wang
Lubricants 2023, 11(8), 352; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11080352 - 18 Aug 2023
Viewed by 1828
Abstract
Lubricant is vital to improve energy efficiency and workpiece durability for the moving counterpart. High-temperature lubricants are important for the hot rolling process to reduce the rolling force and protect the roller and the strips. The current paper concerns eco-friendly sodium metasilicate as [...] Read more.
Lubricant is vital to improve energy efficiency and workpiece durability for the moving counterpart. High-temperature lubricants are important for the hot rolling process to reduce the rolling force and protect the roller and the strips. The current paper concerns eco-friendly sodium metasilicate as a high-temperature lubricant. A hot rolling mill is employed to evaluate the lubrication effect of sodium metasilicate. The influence of crucial factors of concentration of lubricant and descaling is discussed; the rolled surface was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and 3D profilometer. The results depict that the sodium metasilicate can reduce the rolling force by about 7.8% when the concentration of sodium metasilicate is 18% and above, and descaling of the hot stripe makes the lubrication effect more effective, which can reach a 12.7% reduction in the rolling force. This lubrication is attributed to the formed melts of the sodium silicate layer that offers an easy shearing interface. For the un-descaled samples, the lubricant will be compacted and mixed with the oxide scale, and weakens the lubrication effect. This work suggests that sodium metasilicate can be a high-temperature lubricant for hot rolling; descaling is vital, not only for the quality of the product but also for the efficiency of the lubricant. This work will also be useful for the concentration selection of glass lubricant. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in High Temperature Tribology)
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17 pages, 25985 KiB  
Article
High Temperature Friction and Wear Behavior of PTFE/MoS2 Composites
by Jinming Zhen, Yunxiang Han, Huabao Wang, Zhenguo Jiang, Li Wang, Yuqiang Huang, Zhengfeng Jia and Ran Zhang
Lubricants 2023, 11(8), 312; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11080312 - 25 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2329
Abstract
High performance polymer matrix composites with low friction and wear rate are of urgent requirement in sliding bearings and gaskets. In this study, the PTFE/MoS2 composites were prepared and the effect of testing temperature on the tribological properties were investigated. Results show [...] Read more.
High performance polymer matrix composites with low friction and wear rate are of urgent requirement in sliding bearings and gaskets. In this study, the PTFE/MoS2 composites were prepared and the effect of testing temperature on the tribological properties were investigated. Results show that the friction coefficient and wear rate are approximately (0.14–0.19) and (4.18–13.38 × 10−4 mm3/Nm) at testing temperatures from 25 to 250 °C, respectively. At testing temperatures above 200 °C, the coefficient of friction of the composite with the addition of MoS2 is lower than that of pure PTFE, while the wear rate of the composite material with the addition of 2 wt.% and 5 wt.% MoS2 is lower than that of pure PTFE at temperatures above 150 °C. At low testing temperatures (25–100 °C), the main wear mechanism is that of slight abrasive wear, while from 150 °C to 250 °C, the main wear mechanism transformed to fatigue and severe abrasive wear. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in High Temperature Tribology)
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Review

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52 pages, 18335 KiB  
Review
A Critical Review of High-Temperature Tribology and Cutting Performance of Cermet and Ceramic Tool Materials
by Ali Elgazzar, Sheng-Jian Zhou, Jia-Hu Ouyang, Zhan-Guo Liu, Yu-Jin Wang and Ya-Ming Wang
Lubricants 2023, 11(3), 122; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11030122 - 9 Mar 2023
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 4476
Abstract
Cermet materials exhibit advanced mechanical and tribological properties, and are widely used for tribology, elevated temperature, and machining applications due to their unique amalgamation of hardness, strength, and toughness. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of various cermet systems and recent advances in [...] Read more.
Cermet materials exhibit advanced mechanical and tribological properties, and are widely used for tribology, elevated temperature, and machining applications due to their unique amalgamation of hardness, strength, and toughness. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of various cermet systems and recent advances in high-temperature tribology and cutting performance of cermet and ceramic tool materials. It outlines microstructural properties, such as lessening grain sizes, obtaining extended grains, lowering grain boundary phase content, amorphous grain boundary phases crystallizing, inter-granular phase strengthening, and managing crack propagation path. Additionally, surface processing or surface modifications, such as surface texturing, appropriate roughness, or coating technique, can optimize the ceramic and cermet tribological performances. The purpose of this study is to present some guidelines for the design of ceramics and cermets with reduced friction and wear and increased cutting performance. The current research progress concerning tribological properties and surface texturing of cutting tool inserts is critically identified. Lubrication techniques are required in commercial applications to increase the lifetime of cutting tools used in harsh conditions. Liquid lubricants are still commonly utilized in relative motion; however, they have the limitations of not working in extreme settings, such as high-temperature environments. As a result, global research is presently underway to produce new solid lubricants for use in a variety of such conditions. This review also provides a quick outline of current research on this topic. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in High Temperature Tribology)
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