Epigenetics, Microbiota, and Food—Shaping Immune Health and Longevity

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Physiology and Pathology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 November 2025 | Viewed by 2306

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Guest Editor
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, 1010 Wien, Austria
Interests: microbial ecology; food microbiology; nutrition; epigenetic; diabetes
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The goal in longevity research is to increase the healthy years of living. Adequate nutrition is essential for this, and it impacts us even before we are born. Moreover, before birth and during the first years of newborns, contact with various bacteria strains can have a profound impact on a child’s microbiota. It is well known that the diets of parents and even grandparents leave an epigenetic imprint on the offspring, which can have long-lasting effects on health.

As low-grade inflammation is a major factor associated with most age-related diseases, an adequate diet can counteract and even favor longevity. Many food compounds, including epigenetic active plant ingredients such as curcumin, have a direct influence on the microbiota and epigenetic mechanisms. Whereas poor nutrition and nutrient deficiency have harmful effects on immune function, some specific food compounds exhibit important functions as modulators of health.

Through understanding the epigenetic mechanisms of interactions between nutrients, aging, and health, disease prevention approaches could be optimized.

In this Special Issue of Life, we encourage researchers to explore the role of diet, particularly relevant components shaping immune health and longevity, in modulating microRNA expression and epigenetics. We look forward to receiving your contributions to this vital area of research.

Dr. Berit Hippe
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • epigenetics
  • nutrigenomics
  • aging
  • microRNA
  • DNA methylation
  • diet
  • nutrients
  • microbiota
  • longevity
  • natural components

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

19 pages, 1974 KB  
Review
Research Progress on the Mechanism of Action of Food-Derived ACE-Inhibitory Peptides
by Ting Li, Wanjia Du, Huiyan Huang, Luzhang Wan, Chenglong Shang, Xue Mao and Xianghui Kong
Life 2025, 15(8), 1219; https://doi.org/10.3390/life15081219 - 1 Aug 2025
Viewed by 876
Abstract
Hypertension is a major pathogenic contributor to cardiovascular diseases, primarily mediated through activation of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) system. Food-derived ACE-inhibitory peptides represent a promising alternative to synthetic drugs due to their favorable safety profile and minimal side effects. ACE-inhibitory peptides have been [...] Read more.
Hypertension is a major pathogenic contributor to cardiovascular diseases, primarily mediated through activation of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) system. Food-derived ACE-inhibitory peptides represent a promising alternative to synthetic drugs due to their favorable safety profile and minimal side effects. ACE-inhibitory peptides have been extensively identified from various foods, with their antihypertensive activity and molecular mechanisms comprehensively characterized through in vitro and in vivo studies. ACE-inhibitory peptides can be prepared by methods such as natural extraction, enzymatic hydrolysis, and fermentation. The production process significantly modulates structural characteristics of the polypeptides including peptide chain length, amino acid composition, and sequence, consequently determining their functional activity. To comprehensively elucidate the gastrointestinal stability and mechanisms action of ACE-inhibitory peptides, integrated experimental approaches combining both in vitro and in vivo methodologies are essential. This review systematically examines current advances in food-derived ACE-inhibitory peptides in terms of sources, production, structure, in vivo and in vitro activities, and bioavailability. Full article
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19 pages, 924 KB  
Review
DNA Methylation: A Key Regulator in Male and Female Reproductive Outcomes
by Adedeji O. Adetunji, Henrietta Owusu, Esiosa F. Adewale, Precious Adedayo Adesina, Christian Xedzro, Tolulope Peter Saliu, Shahidul Islam, Zhendong Zhu and Olanrewaju B. Morenikeji
Life 2025, 15(7), 1109; https://doi.org/10.3390/life15071109 - 16 Jul 2025
Viewed by 1240
Abstract
DNA methylation is a well-studied epigenetic modification that regulates gene expression, maintains genome integrity, and influences cell fate. It is strictly regulated by a group of enzymes known as DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs). Most DNA methylation occurs at cytosines within symmetrical CpG dinucleotide base [...] Read more.
DNA methylation is a well-studied epigenetic modification that regulates gene expression, maintains genome integrity, and influences cell fate. It is strictly regulated by a group of enzymes known as DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs). Most DNA methylation occurs at cytosines within symmetrical CpG dinucleotide base pairs, often located at gene promoters or other regulatory elements. Thus, methylation of a promoter CpG island leads to stable transcriptional repression of the associated gene. Nonetheless, abnormal gene expression caused by alterations in DNA methylation has been linked to infertility in both males and females, as well as to reproductive potential and improper post-fertilization embryo development. Recent epigenetic advancements have highlighted the significant association between epigenetic modification and reproductive health outcomes, garnering considerable attention. In this review, we explore significant advancements in understanding DNA methylation, emphasizing its establishment, maintenance, and functions in male and female reproductive sex cells. We also shed light on the recent discoveries on the influence of environmental exposures, nutrition, infection, stress, and lifestyle choices on DNA methylation. Finally, we discuss the latest insights and future directions concerning the diverse functions of DNA methylation in reproductive outcomes. Full article
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