Gynecology Update: Modern Diagnostic Approaches and Innovative Therapies

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 26 February 2026 | Viewed by 443

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Workgroup for Science Management, Semmelweis University, 1082 Budapest, Hungary
2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
Interests: reproductive endocrinology; reproductive health; gynecologic oncology; hormonal pathophysiology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, 1082 Budapest, Hungary
Interests: reproductive medicine; gynecologic oncology; operative gynecology

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Guest Editor
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, 1082 Budapest, Hungary
Interests: gynecologic oncology and surgical innovation; inflammatory biomarkers; clinical trial methodology

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Guest Editor
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, 1082 Budapest, Hungary
Interests: gynecologic oncology; clinical oncology; prevention; HPV strategy quality of life

Special Issue Information

Dear colleagues,

We invite you to contribute to this Special Issue “Gynecology Update: Modern Diagnostic Approaches and Innovative Therapies”, which aims to explore recent advancements that bridge translational research and clinical therapies in gynecology.

This Special Issue will focus on studies that have led to improvements in diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic efficacy for both benign and malignant gynecologic diseases. Articles from molecular diagnostics to targeted therapies and fertility-preserving techniques that show how innovation is reshaping diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are welcome.

We particularly welcome research focused on cervical, endometrial, ovarian, and vulvar cancers, as well as prevalent benign conditions such as fibroids, endometriosis, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Our goal is to collect high-quality original research, research protocols, and systematic reviews that contribute meaningfully to the advancement of gynecologic care. Case reports are also welcome, especially those that highlight personalized therapeutic approaches or innovative solutions in the management of rare or complex cases.

We look forward to your valuable contributions to this Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Szabolcs Várbíró
Dr. Keszthelyi Márton
Dr. Richárd Tóth
Dr. Balázs Lintner
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • gynecologic oncology
  • endocrinology
  • reproductive medicine
  • fertility preservation
  • prevention
  • women’s health innovation
  • quality of life
  • personalized therapy

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

12 pages, 955 KiB  
Article
Single-Center Preliminary Experience Treating Endometrial Cancer Patients with Fiducial Markers
by Francesca Titone, Eugenia Moretti, Alice Poli, Marika Guernieri, Sarah Bassi, Claudio Foti, Martina Arcieri, Gianluca Vullo, Giuseppe Facondo, Marco Trovò, Pantaleo Greco, Gabriella Macchia, Giuseppe Vizzielli and Stefano Restaino
Life 2025, 15(8), 1218; https://doi.org/10.3390/life15081218 - 1 Aug 2025
Viewed by 314
Abstract
Purpose: To present the findings of our preliminary experience using daily image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) supported by implanted fiducial markers (FMs) in the radiotherapy of the vaginal cuff, in a cohort of post-surgery endometrial cancer patients. Methods: Patients with vaginal cuff cancer [...] Read more.
Purpose: To present the findings of our preliminary experience using daily image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) supported by implanted fiducial markers (FMs) in the radiotherapy of the vaginal cuff, in a cohort of post-surgery endometrial cancer patients. Methods: Patients with vaginal cuff cancer requiring adjuvant radiation with external beams were enrolled. Five patients underwent radiation therapy targeting the pelvic disease and positive lymph nodes, with doses of 50.4 Gy in twenty-eight fractions and a subsequent stereotactic boost on the vaginal vault at a dose of 5 Gy in a single fraction. One patient was administered 30 Gy in five fractions to the vaginal vault. These patients underwent external beam RT following the implantation of three 0.40 × 10 mm gold fiducial markers (FMs). Our IGRT strategy involved real-time 2D kV image-based monitoring of the fiducial markers during the treatment delivery as a surrogate of the vaginal cuff. To explore the potential role of FMs throughout the treatment process, we analyzed cine movies of the 2D kV-triggered images during delivery, as well as the image registration between pre- and post-treatment CBCT scans and the planning CT (pCT). Each CBCT used to trigger fraction delivery was segmented to define the rectum, bladder, and vaginal cuff. We calculated a standard metric to assess the similarity among the images (Dice index). Results: All the patients completed radiotherapy and experienced good tolerance without any reported acute or long-term toxicity. We did not observe any loss of FMs during or before treatment. A total of twenty CBCTs were analyzed across ten fractions. The observed trend showed a relatively emptier bladder compared to the simulation phase, with the bladder filling during the delivery. This resulted in a final median Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) of 0.90, indicating strong performance. The rectum reproducibility revealed greater variability, negatively affecting the quality of the delivery. Only in two patients, FMs showed intrafractional shift > 5 mm, probably associated with considerable rectal volume changes. Target coverage was preserved due to a safe CTV-to-PTV margin (10 mm). Conclusions: In our preliminary study, CBCT in combination with the use of fiducial markers to guide the delivery proved to be a feasible method for IGRT both before and during the treatment of post-operative gynecological cancer. In particular, this approach seems to be promising in selected patients to facilitate the use of SBRT instead of BRT (brachytherapy), thanks to margin reduction and adaptive strategies to optimize dose delivery while minimizing toxicity. A larger sample of patients is needed to confirm our results. Full article
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