Vector-Borne Diseases and One Health

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2026) | Viewed by 2670

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Guest Editor
Laboratório de Diptera, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil
Interests: culicidae; ecology; biology; taxonomy; vectors; yellow fever; malaria
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail
Guest Editor
Laboratório de Diptera, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil
Interests: culicidae; ecology; biology; taxonomy; vectors; yellow fever; dengue; zika; chikungunya

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Guest Editor
Laboratory of Genomics and Proteomics of Disease Vectors, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Parasitology, 37005 Budweis, Czech Republic
Interests: proteomics; next generation sequencing; arthropod parasites; protease inhibitors; disease vectors; cystatin; serpin; kunitz; tick; insect; vector-host interaction
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

According to the World Health Organization, vector-borne diseases account for more than 17% of all infectious diseases and cause over 700,000 deaths annually. Mosquito genera such as Aedes, Anopheles, and Culex transmit major illnesses, including malaria, dengue, Zika, chikungunya, yellow fever, and West Nile virus. Other arthropods, including ticks, sandflies, and triatomines, also contribute significantly by spreading Lyme disease, leishmaniasis, and Chagas disease.

The emergence and re-emergence of these diseases are being accelerated by climate change, globalization, urbanization, and human mobility, which enable vectors to spread into new regions where populations often lack immunity. At the same time, increasing insecticide resistance undermines conventional control methods and risks reversing decades of public health progress.

To confront these challenges, innovative and integrated strategies for surveillance and control are urgently needed. A One Health perspective is essential, recognizing the interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health.

This Special Issue invites contributions on (but not limited to) the following topics:

-Genetic and genomic tools for vector modification and monitoring;
-Novel biocontrol agents;
-Data-driven predictive modeling of outbreaks;
-Multidisciplinary interventions to reduce breeding sites.

We welcome original research articles, reviews, meta-analyses, and case studies. Your contributions will help advance new strategies to reduce the burden of vector-borne diseases worldwide.

Dr. Jeronimo Alencar
Dr. Shayenne Silva
Dr. Michail Kotsyfakis
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • vector-borne diseases
  • One Health
  • malaria
  • dengue
  • Zika
  • chikungunya
  • yellow fever
  • West Nile virus
  • Lyme disease
  • leishmaniasis
  • Chagas

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 2756 KB  
Article
Calliphoridae and Mesembrinellidae (Insect: Diptera) Across Different Environments of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Synanthropy and Potential Bioindicators, with Notes on Bait Preference
by Wellington Thadeu de Alcantara Azevedo, Mariana dos Passos Nunes, Tomaz da Silva Telles Machado, Valmíria Moura Leôncio Albuquerque, Cláudia Soares Santos Lessa, Jeronimo Alencar and Valéria Magalhães Aguiar
Life 2025, 15(12), 1818; https://doi.org/10.3390/life15121818 - 27 Nov 2025
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Abstract
The Atlantic Forest is a biome of great diversity under constant anthropic pressure. This study was conducted in three environments in the state of Rio de Janeiro: rural environment, Seropédica campus (UFRRJ); urban environment, Urca campus (UNIRIO); and forest environment, Três Picos State [...] Read more.
The Atlantic Forest is a biome of great diversity under constant anthropic pressure. This study was conducted in three environments in the state of Rio de Janeiro: rural environment, Seropédica campus (UFRRJ); urban environment, Urca campus (UNIRIO); and forest environment, Três Picos State Park, Cachoeiras de Macacu. We aimed to evaluate the attractiveness of the fauna of Calliphoridae and Mesembrinellidae by two stages of bait decomposition, study their synantropy, and identify bioindicators for each environment. Four traps were installed at each environment, two containing preserved beef liver and two containing beef liver with 48 h of putrefaction. Samples were collected quarterly, between June 2021 and May 2023. A total of 5476 dipterans were collected, with five Calliphoridae species (77.1%) and 11 Mesembrinellidae (22.9%). Laneella nigripes showed a preference for liver baits with 48 h of putrefaction. Mesembrinellidae species, Hemilucilia benoisti and Paralucilia nigrofacialis were asynanthropic, occurring exclusively in the forest environment. Hemilucilia segmentaria and H. semidiaphana were also asynanthropic, but occurred in urban and/or rural environments. Chrysomya and Cochliomyia genera and Lucilia cuprina were synanthropes. Eight potentially bioindicator species were identified for the forest environment and four for rural environments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Vector-Borne Diseases and One Health)
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23 pages, 2081 KB  
Systematic Review
Bacterial Symbionts Associated with Wild Tsetse Flies (Diptera: Glossinidae) in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
by Mmatlala Dorothy Nkosi, Moeti Oriel Taioe, ThankGod Emmanuel Onyiche and Ana Mbokeleng Tsotetsi-Khambule
Life 2026, 16(7), 1170; https://doi.org/10.3390/life16071170 - 15 Jul 2026
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Abstract
Bacterial symbionts play a significant role in the biology of tsetse flies (genus Glossina). However, their infection prevalence in Glossina spp. is not well documented. Hence, the systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines to determine bacterial infection prevalence among different Glossina spp. across [...] Read more.
Bacterial symbionts play a significant role in the biology of tsetse flies (genus Glossina). However, their infection prevalence in Glossina spp. is not well documented. Hence, the systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines to determine bacterial infection prevalence among different Glossina spp. across sub-Saharan Africa. Six databases were used to search for studies published between 1980 and 2024. The search was conducted from February to March 2025. Meta-analysis was conducted using estimated pooled infection prevalence of bacterial symbionts in different Glossina species. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was calculated to examine changes in bacterial infection prevalence between 2010 and 2024. A total of 30 studies from 19 countries met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final systematic review. Of the 30 studies, 173 records were extracted consisting of data from 14 Glossina species. Burkina Faso (n = 25) recorded highest number of studies and G. pallidipes (n = 27) was the most studied species. Significant associations were observed between bacterial infection prevalence and the tested variables (Glossina spp. and country). Temporal analysis results showed positive association in Spiroplasma infection prevalence over the years (rho = 0.418, p = 0.017) whilst Sodalis infections showed negative association (rho = −0.319. p = 0.008). Heterogeneity among different studies was substantially high (I2 > 75%) and evidence of publication bias was reported. The results indicated that bacterial infection prevalence was influenced by factors such as country, sample size and symbiont-specific species. However, heterogeneity remained high even after meta-regression analysis suggesting that other variables not included in the analysis or rather the combination of different variables are responsible for the high heterogeneity observed. Despite study limitations, the study provided the most comprehensive and complex results on the relationship between bacterial symbiont infections and Glossina species. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Vector-Borne Diseases and One Health)
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