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New Insights into Diagnosis and Therapeutic Strategies for Chronic Liver...
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New Insights into Diagnosis and Therapeutic Strategies for Chronic Liver Diseases

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 October 2025 | Viewed by 1899

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Cristina Marginean

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
Interests: internal medicine; gastroenterology; gastrointestinal disorders; chronic liver disease; irritable bowel syndrome; gut microbiome; clinical research
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Chronic liver diseases (CLDs) have emerged as a significant cause of hepatic-related morbidity and mortality worldwide in recent years. MASLD is a complex pathology, and is considered to be the hepatic expression of metabolic syndrome (MetS). It is likely to become the main indication for liver transplantation in the coming years, as it is estimated to affect 57.5–74.0% of obese people and 52.8% of obese children, with 50% of individuals with type 2 diabetes being diagnosed with MASLD. Moreover, alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and drug-induced liver injury (DILI) result from one or a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle-associated factors, such as diet-induced obesity, metabolic dysfunction, alcohol use, or drug toxicity. A late diagnosis of CLD, due to its insidious evolution and heterogeneous pathophysiology, significantly limits the use of therapeutic options that aim to improve the prognosis of disease. Therefore, the identification of disease-specific biomarkers that are related to the early detection of these conditions is crucial. We welcome the submission of articles that highlight new insights into the pathophysiologic mechanisms of CLDs and examine novel pathogenic pathways, new biomarkers, imaging diagnosis tools, and future therapies. In addition, we particularly welcome the submission of articles that analyze the influence of lifestyle and environmental factors on CLD progression. This Special Issue aims to present recent advances in research that enable the early diagnosis and personalized treatment of CLD, thus improving patient outcomes. The dissemination of current research regarding CLDs and collaboration between physicians, gastroenterologists, internists, cardiologists, diabetologists, nutritionists and endocrinologists is also required to ensure that we possess the knowledge and resources necessary to address this public health challenge.

Prof. Dr. Cristina Marginean
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Life is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • chronic liver disease
  • metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)
  • metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH)
  • drug-induced liver injury (DILI)
  • hepatocellular carcinoma
  • biomarkers of liver fibrosis
  • imaging of liver fibrosis
  • CEUS
  • novel therapeutic strategies for CLDs

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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22 pages, 4898 KiB  
Article
Predominant Gram-Positive Etiology May Be Associated with a Lower Mortality Rate but with Higher Antibiotic Resistance in Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis: A 7-Year Study in a Tertiary Center in Romania
by Sergiu Marian Cazacu, Ovidiu Mircea Zlatian, Elena Leocadia Plesea, Alexandru Ioan Vacariu, Mihai Cimpoeru, Ion Rogoveanu, Camelia Cristiana Bigea and Sevastita Iordache
Life 2025, 15(6), 855; https://doi.org/10.3390/life15060855 - 26 May 2025
Viewed by 485
Abstract
(1) Background: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is associated with a 20% mortality and is mainly caused by Gram-negative bacteria (GNB); Gram-positive bacteria (GPB) were predominant in some areas; and increased antibiotic resistance was recorded. (2) Methods: A retrospective study was performed between 2018 [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is associated with a 20% mortality and is mainly caused by Gram-negative bacteria (GNB); Gram-positive bacteria (GPB) were predominant in some areas; and increased antibiotic resistance was recorded. (2) Methods: A retrospective study was performed between 2018 and 2024. The type of isolated strains, antibiotic susceptibility, and mortality (in-hospital; 30-day; 90-day; and 1-year) were estimated; multivariate analyses evaluated predictive factors for in-hospital mortality risk. (3) Results: 45 culture-positive SBP, 28 culture-negative SBP, 6 bacterascites, and 670 control ascites were diagnosed; GPB represented 60%; two Candida peritonitis and 11 polymicrobial peritonitis (21.6%) were noted (without surgery; peritoneal dialysis; or tegumentary lesion). High resistance rates to cephalosporins and quinolones, and high carbapenem resistance for nosocomial GNB were recorded. A low resistance rate to Tigecycline was noted in all infection types; GPB was susceptible to Linezolid and Vancomycin; and GNB was susceptible to Aztreonam and Colistin. In-hospital mortality was 26.7% (40% for GNB-SBP; 20% for GPB-SBP), similar to culture-negative SBP (21.3%), and higher than in the control group (9%); long-term mortality remained higher. (4) Conclusions: microbial changes to GPB etiology and increasing resistance were noted, but with a lower mortality compared to GNB; higher mortality rates up to 1 year for culture-positive and culture-negative SBP were recorded Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Diagnosis and Therapeutic Strategies for Chronic Liver Diseases)
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Review

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19 pages, 1019 KiB  
Review
Innovative Strategies in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cirrhosis and Associated Syndromes
by Ashok Kumar Sah, Mohd Afzal, Rabab H. Elshaikh, Anass M. Abbas, Manar G. Shalabi, Pranav Kumar Prabhakar, Asaad M. A. Babker, Fariza Tursunbaevna Khalimova, Velilyaeva Aliya Sabrievna and Ranjay Kumar Choudhary
Life 2025, 15(5), 779; https://doi.org/10.3390/life15050779 - 13 May 2025
Viewed by 1245
Abstract
Liver cirrhosis continues to be a major global health issue, contributing to high morbidity and mortality due to its progressive nature and associated complications. This review explores recent advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of liver cirrhosis and its related syndromes. Non-invasive diagnostic [...] Read more.
Liver cirrhosis continues to be a major global health issue, contributing to high morbidity and mortality due to its progressive nature and associated complications. This review explores recent advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of liver cirrhosis and its related syndromes. Non-invasive diagnostic tools, such as elastography and serum biomarkers, have significantly improved early detection, reducing the need for liver biopsies. Advanced imaging techniques, including MRI and CT, further enhance diagnostic accuracy. In parallel, molecular and genomic research is providing new insights into the pathogenesis of the disease, paving the way for precision medicine. On the treatment front, pharmacological innovations, such as antifibrotic agents and targeted therapies, show promise in slowing disease progression. Endoscopic interventions like variceal banding are improving the management of complications, while advancements in liver transplantation and artificial liver support systems offer life-saving alternatives. Regenerative medicine, particularly stem cell therapy and tissue engineering, is emerging as a promising strategy for liver repair. Managing cirrhosis-related syndromes, including portal hypertension, ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, and hepatorenal syndrome, now involves evolving therapeutic approaches such as transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) and novel pharmacotherapies. Prognostic scoring systems like the MELD and Child–Pugh are being refined with new biomarkers for better risk stratification. The future of cirrhosis care will likely involve the integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning for early diagnosis and personalized treatments, alongside emerging therapies currently under investigation. Despite these advancements, challenges such as costs, accessibility, and healthcare disparities remain barriers to widespread adoption. This review highlights the importance of incorporating innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies into clinical practice to improve the outcomes for patients with liver cirrhosis and its complications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Diagnosis and Therapeutic Strategies for Chronic Liver Diseases)
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