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Gastroenteritis and Related Diseases: Current Knowledge and Therapeutic Prospects

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Gastroenterology & Hepatopancreatobiliary Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 February 2025) | Viewed by 1195

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
Interests: internal medicine; gastroenterology; gastrointestinal disorders; chronic liver disease; irritable bowel syndrome; gut microbiome; clinical research
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Gastroenteritis is the inflammation of any section of the gastrointestinal tract. This inflammation could be persistent, acute, or chronic, with various etiologies including genetics, infection, hypersensitivity, drugs, chemicals, and immunotherapy. The risk of an individual developing gastroenteritis is determined by both epidemiologic factors influencing exposure to causative organisms and underlying host factors affecting one’s susceptibility to disease. The role of the gut microbiome in dysbiosis-related diseases including acute infection and chronic inflammation is a subject that has accumulated comprehensive research findings. Persistent mucosal inflammation and an alteration to intestinal motility contribute to the development of related diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome in genetically susceptible individuals.

To put the current evidence into context and identify gaps and research priorities in the areas of disease acquisition, burden of disease, clinical characterization, and the prevention and management of postinfectious gastrointestinal disorders, we require a multidisciplinary approach encompassing the areas of infectious disease, gastroenterology, epidemiology, and public health.

This Special Issue will extensively cover key areas in epidemiology, pathogenesis, risk factors, current screening and diagnostic methods, and current and future treatment approaches in gastroenteritis and related diseases. We welcome author submissions of original articles, as well as reviews that could support future clinical progress related to this field.

Prof. Dr. Cristina Marginean
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • gastroenteritis
  • infectious gastroenteritis
  • postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome
  • gastroenteritis pathophysiology
  • gut microbiota
  • functional disorders
  • clinical management

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 1594 KiB  
Article
The Application of the Vesikari and Modified Vesikari Severity Scores in Complicated Pediatric Gastroenteritis of Viral Origin: An Observational Study
by Maria Oana Săsăran, Cristina Oana Mărginean, Carmen Viorica Muntean, Ana Maria Pitea, Lidia Man, Alina Grama and Ana Maria Koller
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(3), 943; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14030943 - 1 Feb 2025
Viewed by 662
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Viral gastroenteritis can have a potentially fatal outcome at young ages and the recognition of severe cases could be aided by clinically derived severity scores. Methods: This observational study intended to conduct a comparative assessment of the utility of the Vesikari and [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Viral gastroenteritis can have a potentially fatal outcome at young ages and the recognition of severe cases could be aided by clinically derived severity scores. Methods: This observational study intended to conduct a comparative assessment of the utility of the Vesikari and modified Vesikari score in the evaluation of viral gastroenteritis severity and for the possible prediction of the dehydration degree. A total number of 113 children diagnosed with gastroenteritis were retrospectively enrolled and divided based on viral etiology into group 1 (34 children with unknown viral etiology), group 2 (60 children with rotavirus) and group 3 (19 children with adenovirus). Results: The highest mean Vesikari and modified Vesikari scores were found in group 2 (p < 0.01; p = 0.01). A significant increase in liver enzymes was also identified in patients infected with rotavirus. The highest mean diarrhea, vomiting duration and body temperature were found in group 3 (p < 0.01; p < 0.01; p = 0.02), as well as the highest mean inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein (CRP; p = 0.01) and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (p < 0.01). Significant linear associations were found between pH, bicarbonate level, base excess and the Vesikari scores, whereas urea, CRP and aspartate aminotransferase levels were associated with both severity scores. ROC curve analysis revealed a significant correlation between the Vesikari scores and dehydration degree (p < 0.01), with numeric cut-off values of 11.5 being proposed for the differentiation between mild and moderate gastroenteritis and 13.5 for the distinction between moderate and severe gastroenteritis. Conclusions: Both severity scores are useful in clinical settings, but more studies enrolling populations with various enteral infections could provide more insight into their etiology-based performance and reflection of paraclinical changes. Full article
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