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Urological Diseases: Updates and Challenges on Personalized Diagnosis, Treatment, and...
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Urological Diseases: Updates and Challenges on Personalized Diagnosis, Treatment, and Management

A special issue of Journal of Personalized Medicine (ISSN 2075-4426). This special issue belongs to the section "Personalized Therapy in Clinical Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 27 August 2026 | Viewed by 1703

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Michael Chrisofos

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Third Department of Urology, Attikon University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
Interests: urological diseases; urinary tract infection; urology; andrology; urological surgery
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Urology stands at the cutting edge of surgical innovation. Over recent decades, the introduction of new technologies and surgical approaches has revolutionized the management of numerous urological disorders, significantly enhancing patient outcomes. Minimally invasive techniques, in particular, have driven substantial advancements in oncological and functional results, reducing morbidity and improving patients' quality of life. Cutting-edge advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of various urological diseases have led to the development of advanced imaging techniques, molecular diagnostics, and refined diagnostic strategies that are currently shaping contemporary urological practice.

In the last decades, daily urology practice has been faced the dynamic evolution of urological surgeries. Urologic surgical interventions have progressed from established open procedures to the transformative adoption of minimally invasive techniques, such as advanced laparoscopy, endoscopy, and the widespread integration of robotic platforms. These advancements have demonstrably improved patient outcomes, reduced morbidity, and enhanced quality of life, underscoring a field propelled by continuous technological innovation and clinical necessity.

Furthermore, other surgical fields have evolved, reducing the disease burden of major common diseases, such as obesity, that affect the majority of urological problems. A main question remains as to how surgical advancements and techniques have developed in other organs and specialties, and how they are adapted and applied to treat urological problems. Advancements in methodologies, technologies, or principles from non-urological surgeries have found effective application in addressing complex urological challenges, thereby fostering new opportunities for interdisciplinary collaboration and innovative patient care.

This Special Issue aims to provide compelling scientific evidence on the current state and future directions of urological care, focusing on both the diagnosis and treatment of urological diseases, and welcoming original research and insightful reviews that contribute to this vital discussion.

Prof. Dr. Michael Chrisofos
Guest Editor

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Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Personalized Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • minimally invasive surgeries
  • robotic surgery
  • laparoscopic surgery
  • personalized medicine
  • diagnostic modalities
  • precision diagnosis
  • incontinence
  • endourology
  • andrology
  • urologic surgery
  • urological diseases
  • prostate cancer

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 224 KB  
Article
Incidence and Predictors of Venous Thromboembolism Following Major Urologic Cancer Surgery: Toward Risk-Stratified, Personalized Prophylaxis Strategies
by Sri Saran Manivasagam, Alireza Aminsharifi and Jay D. Raman
J. Pers. Med. 2026, 16(2), 82; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm16020082 - 1 Feb 2026
Viewed by 586
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Venous thromboembolism (VTE), including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), remains a significant postoperative complication following major urologic cancer surgeries. Despite widespread use of thromboprophylaxis, the real-world effectiveness of these strategies remains uncertain. Methods: We conducted a retrospective [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Venous thromboembolism (VTE), including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), remains a significant postoperative complication following major urologic cancer surgeries. Despite widespread use of thromboprophylaxis, the real-world effectiveness of these strategies remains uncertain. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP) database, including procedure-targeted data for radical cystectomy, radical prostatectomy, and radical nephrectomy from 2019 to 2022. Patients aged 18–90 years with complete data were included. Descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of DVT and evaluate the impact of thromboprophylaxis strategies. Results: A total of 65,105 patients were analyzed: 28,805 prostatectomies, 28,414 cystectomies, and 7886 nephrectomies. The 30-day incidence of DVT and PE was 1.1% and 0.8%, respectively. Multivariate analysis identified prolonged hospital stay (>4 days), operative time (>180 min), and age > 75 years as independent predictors of DVT. Subgroup analyses confirmed these findings for cystectomy and prostatectomy but not for nephrectomy. Thromboprophylaxis was administered in 97.8% of patients; however, its use was not significantly associated with reduced DVT incidence, except for pharmacologic prophylaxis in cystectomy patients (OR 0.04, p = 0.03). Conclusions: Despite high adherence to thromboprophylaxis protocols, DVT remains a clinically relevant complication after urologic cancer surgery. Our findings highlight the importance of procedural factors in DVT risk and question the universal effectiveness of current prophylaxis strategies. These findings underscore the need for personalized, risk-stratified thromboprophylaxis protocols tailored to patient and procedural factors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Urological Diseases: Updates and Challenges on Personalized Diagnosis, Treatment, and Management)
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Review

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36 pages, 1595 KB  
Review
Probiotics as Microbiome Modulators in Male Infertility: Rethinking Dysbiosis Across the Gut–Testis Axis
by Aris Kaltsas, Spyros Pournaras, Ilias Giannakodimos, Eleftheria Markou, Marios Stavropoulos, Stamatis Papaharitou, Fotios Dimitriadis, Athanasios Zachariou, Nikolaos Sofikitis and Michael Chrisofos
J. Pers. Med. 2026, 16(2), 99; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm16020099 - 6 Feb 2026
Viewed by 844
Abstract
Male infertility contributes substantially to couple infertility, and a large proportion of cases remain idiopathic. Dysbiosis within the gut, seminal, and urinary microbiomes has been associated with impaired semen parameters, reproductive tract inflammation, and oxidative stress. This narrative review, informed by a structured [...] Read more.
Male infertility contributes substantially to couple infertility, and a large proportion of cases remain idiopathic. Dysbiosis within the gut, seminal, and urinary microbiomes has been associated with impaired semen parameters, reproductive tract inflammation, and oxidative stress. This narrative review, informed by a structured literature search, summarizes current evidence for the gut–testis axis and the androbactome in male infertility and discusses mechanistic pathways linking microbial imbalance to sperm dysfunction. Proposed mechanisms include immune activation, increased oxidative stress, endocrine and metabolic perturbations, and disruption of epithelial barriers, including the blood–testis barrier. Early clinical trials report that selected probiotic or synbiotic formulations may be associated with improvements in one or more World Health Organization (WHO) semen parameters and with reductions in oxidative or inflammatory biomarkers (surrogate laboratory endpoints; pregnancy and live-birth outcomes are rarely reported and remain unproven) in selected populations, such as idiopathic infertility and the post-varicocelectomy setting. Given patient heterogeneity, a personalized approach requires prespecified clinical phenotypes and measurable monitoring targets, rather than indiscriminate supplementation. At present, probiotics should be considered an adjunct rather than a stand-alone therapy. Well-designed, contamination-aware microbiome studies and adequately powered randomized trials with clinically meaningful endpoints, including pregnancy and live birth, are required before routine clinical implementation. This synthesis is intended to support personalized counseling and trial design by clarifying candidate phenotypes, appropriate monitoring endpoints, and realistic limitations of current evidence. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Urological Diseases: Updates and Challenges on Personalized Diagnosis, Treatment, and Management)
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