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Diabetes and Its Complications: From Research to Clinical Practice
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Diabetes and Its Complications: From Research to Clinical Practice

A special issue of Journal of Personalized Medicine (ISSN 2075-4426). This special issue belongs to the section "Personalized Therapy in Clinical Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 June 2026 | Viewed by 3948

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Makoto Katoh

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Research Administration Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
Interests: type 2 diabetes mellitus; diabetes medications; chronic kidney disease; heart failure; hypertension; liver disease; obesity; aging
Prof. Dr. Takaaki Senbonmatsu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Research Administration Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
Interests: heart failure; cardiorenal syndrome; diabetes; organ protection; renin–angiotensin system; induced pluripotent stem cell

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Diabetes is a complex and progressive disease, accompanied by numerous complications that manifest over time. The most common impact is on the eyes, nerves, heart, blood vessels, kidneys, and liver. Conventional diabetes medications have been able to prevent and delay the progression of diabetic microvascular complications by managing blood glucose levels but prove limited in addressing complications stemming from macrovascular damage.

This Special Issue focuses on the latest research and clinical evidence concerning complications such as cardiovascular diseases; including myocardial infarction and heart failure; renal complications, like diabetic nephropathy; and complications associated with chronic diabetes-related liver metabolic diseases, such as MASLD. Additionally, it delves deeply into the intricate relationship between the risks of these complications and factors such as obesity and aging.

Additionally, emerging treatment approaches for these complications, particularly novel diabetes medications like GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors, exhibit promising effectiveness. Recent discoveries, grounded in robust evidence, signify a transformative shift in diabetes management, fostering the exploration of more holistic and efficacious strategies.

In conclusion, this Special Issue serves as a pivotal resource, providing current insights into the dynamic interplay of diabetes, its complications, and related factors. It advances our understanding of its disease mechanisms and provides clinicians with the relevant information for informed decision making in diabetes management.

Dr. Makoto Katoh
Prof. Dr. Takaaki Senbonmatsu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Personalized Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • diabetes
  • cardiovascular diseases
  • kidney disorders
  • liver diseases
  • obesity
  • aging
  • diabetes medications

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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21 pages, 2611 KB  
Review
Advancing the Diagnosis of Diabetic Neuropathies: Electrodiagnostic and Skin Autofluorescence Methods
by Dan Trofin, Bianca-Margareta Salmen, Teodor Salmen, Daniela Marilena Trofin and Delia Reurean-Pintilei
J. Pers. Med. 2024, 14(8), 884; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm14080884 - 21 Aug 2024
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2363
Abstract
Introduction: Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a generic term for various neuropathies coexisting in a single patient. Clinical diagnosis alone can be misleading, yet routine electrodiagnostic studies in diabetes care are rare. Skin autofluorescence (SAF) is a recognized DN risk factor with potential screening [...] Read more.
Introduction: Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a generic term for various neuropathies coexisting in a single patient. Clinical diagnosis alone can be misleading, yet routine electrodiagnostic studies in diabetes care are rare. Skin autofluorescence (SAF) is a recognized DN risk factor with potential screening value. This article highlights the diagnostic challenges and raises awareness of the often underdiagnosed neuropathic conditions in diabetes patients. Material and Methods: We present common entrapment neuropathy cases from our diabetes clinic’s electrodiagnosis laboratory in Iași, Romania. We selected seven type 2 diabetes patients with sensory or sensory-motor distal polyneuropathy and atypical DN presentations investigated through electroneurography (ENG) and electromyography (EMG) with the Neurosoft® EMG instrument and SAF measured by standard procedures. Subsequently, a narrative literature review was conducted. Results: Entrapment neuropathies were diagnosed in all the patients: three carpal tunnel syndromes, two ulnar neuropathies (one proximal, one distal), one peroneal neuropathy, and one case of meralgia paresthetica. The lower-limb cases showed radiculoplexopathy, and there was one case of superficial radial nerve neuropathy. The SAF values ranged from 2.5 AU to 3.4 AU. Conclusions: Electrodiagnosis is essential for detecting focal neuropathies in patients with sensory-motor distal polyneuropathy. Elevated SAF levels may correlate with symptom severity, although further research, including large cohorts, is needed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diabetes and Its Complications: From Research to Clinical Practice)
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31 pages, 471 KB  
Systematic Review
Exploring the Evidence for Personalized Pharmacotherapy in Type 2 Diabetes—A Systematic Review
by Velimir Altabas and Jelena Marinković Radošević
J. Pers. Med. 2025, 15(11), 539; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm15110539 - 6 Nov 2025
Viewed by 803
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion, and chronic hyperglycemia. Recent studies have identified microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, as [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion, and chronic hyperglycemia. Recent studies have identified microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, as modulators of pathways involved in T2DM pathophysiology. Dysregulated miRNA expression has been detected in various samples collected from patients with T2DM, implicating these molecules in disease onset and progression. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies published from the earliest available records to 18 August 2025 using the following Boolean search terms: “miRNA AND gliclazide”, “miRNA AND glibenclamide”, “miRNA AND gliquidone”, “miRNA AND glimepiride”, “mirRNA AND metformin”, “miRNA AND pioglitazone”, “miRNA AND rosiglitazone”, “miRNA AND sitagliptin”, “miRNA AND vildagliptin”, “miRNA AND alogliptin”, “miRNA and saxagliptin”, “miRNA AND linagliptin”, “miRNA AND liraglutide”, “miRNA and dulaglutide”, “miRNA AND semaglutide”, “miRNA AND tirzepatide”, “miRNA AND lixisenatide”, “miRNA AND empagliflozin”, “miRNA AND dapagliflozin”, miRNA AND insulin glargine”, “miRNA AND insulin detemir”, “miRNA AND insulin degludec”, “miRNA AND insulin aspart”, “miRNA AND insulin glulisine”, and “miRNA AND insulin lispro”. Additionally, gray literature was searched in ClinicalTrials.gov, the EU Clinical Trials Register (EudraCT), and the ISRCTN Registry to identify unpublished studies. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they were clinical interventional studies assessing the impact of currently available antidiabetic treatments on miRNA expression. Only articles published in English were considered. The risk of bias was evaluated using the RoB2 (Risk of Bias 2) and ROBINS-I (Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies—of Interventions) tools. Study characteristics and major findings were tabulated. Results: A total of 1263 manuscripts was identified initially. After removing duplicates, 726 articles remained for further screening. Ultimately, 17 manuscripts reporting interventional clinical trials on the effects of antidiabetic treatment on miRNA were included, encompassing a total of 1093 patients. Key findings included treatment-associated changes in miRNA expression and their potential utility for the prediction of clinical outcomes. Conclusions: Current evidence supports the hypothesis that antidiabetic treatments modulate miRNA expression, with some findings showing predictive value for metabolic outcomes. However, the available data remain limited and of low grade of certainty, and further large-scale clinical studies are needed to provide deeper insights into these associations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diabetes and Its Complications: From Research to Clinical Practice)
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