Most Cited

Glaucoma, the second leading cause of irreversible blindness globally, encompasses a heterogeneous group of ocular disorders characterized by the progressive degeneration of retinal ganglion cells. Pharmacotherapy remains the cornerstone of treatment...

Glaucoma therapy aims at lowering intra-ocular pressure (IOP). Brinzolamide, a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, is utilized as a second-line medication for treating ocular hypertension and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). The drug lowers the IOP maki...

Glaucoma refers to a spectrum of progressive optic neuropathies and remains the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Its insidious onset poses serious challenges to conventional diagnostic methods and clinicians striving to detect early...

In 1931, Von Euler and Gaddum isolated substance P (SP), an undecapeptide from the tachykinin family, from equine brain and intestine tissue extracts. Numerous types of cells, including neurons, astrocytes, microglia, epithelial, and endothelial cell...

Peripheral ulcerative keratitis (PUK) is an inflammatory process causing thinning of the cornea, epithelial defect, and inflammatory infiltrates and is caused by several etiologies. This sight-threatening condition can indicate the presence of potent...

Hereditary optic neuropathies (HONs) are a class of genetic disorders that may lead to vision loss due to either acute or progressive injury to the optic nerve. Although HONs may commonly manifest as isolated optic atrophy, these disorders can also h...

An in vitro study was conducted using a model of reconstituted human corneal epithelial (SkinEthic™ HCE/Human Corneal Epithelium) to test the modulation of cytokines secretion activity of Pomanox^® (PMX), a standardized commercial extract of...

This study aimed to find out whether three Texas state policies restricting opioid prescriptions have influenced the prescribing patterns of the oculoplastic department at the University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB). This is a retrospective chart r...

Background: This study aims to evaluate the visual performance, both quantitative and qualitative, of the novel non-diffractive extended monofocal intraocular lens (Evolux, Sifi) following cataract surgery. This serves as a preliminary study to asses...

Refractory full-thickness macular holes (rFTMHs) present a significant challenge in vitreoretinal surgery, with reported incidence rates of 4.2–11.2% following standard vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling and gas tamponade....

Over 2.2 billion people across the globe face significant barriers to accessing essential ophthalmic care, with elderly, rural, and refugee populations being disproportionately affected, deepening existing disparities in eye care. Three-dimensional p...

The purpose of this study was to determine if worse visual acuity is associated with an increased risk of incident fall or mortality, independent of other relevant cofounders. This was a single-center retrospective cohort study of 428 new cases of an...

Purpose: to investigate secondary glaucoma resulting from uveitis in a patient infected with Human T-cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1) pathologically and discuss the management of glaucoma with recurrent uveitis. Clinical course: An octogenarian wo...

Aim: The study aims to identify if mutations in the SLC4A11 gene are present in Filipino families affected with congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy (CHED). Methods: This is a family cohort study that investigated the genetic profile of a sele...

Background: Pre-clinical studies related to the use of rapamycin (Sirolimus^®), a mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors, for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) have shown improved therapeutic outcomes. However, knowledge of its dose&...

(1) Background: It is estimated that 10% of dry eye disease (DED) occurs in patients with Sjogren’s syndrome (SS-DED) and represents a challenge when it comes to treatment. Both innate and adaptive immunity participate in the pathogenesis of SS...

Background: Intraocular lens (IOL) alignment is crucial for optimal performance in presbyopia-correcting designs. The aim was to report a case of a patient with a high angle kappa implanted with the continuous transitional focus (CTF) Precizon Prebyo...

Optogenetics is a field that emerged with the goal of studying the physiology of nerve cells by selectively expressing opsins—channel proteins that can be activated by light exposure. Once the methodology was established, several research group...

Background: Uveitis, although a rare complication of multiple sclerosis (MS), poses a significant challenge in clinical management. Traditional treatments like corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and surgical interventions often provide limited effi...

The prevalence of vision impairment and eye disease is higher among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), yet there are no standardized guidelines for this vulnerable population. We hypothesized that there are self-reported unmet ophthalmic car...

Background: Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness around the world and is characterized as a group of irreversible optic neuropathies with multiple risk factors such as age, race/ethnicity, sex, and intraocular pressure (IOP), among...

Smartphone-based fundus cameras and telemedicine are an opportunity for accessing ocular health inequalities in under-resourced areas. The objective of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of retinal findings in a community in the Amazon and prop...

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a debilitating chronic disorder that results in ocular microvascular complications, including diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema (DME). Early detection and timely intervention for DR and DME are crucial for...

Purpose: This retrospective study aimed to compare the efficacy of cycloplegic (CR) versus non-cycloplegic refraction (NCR) methods in detecting refractive errors among children and adolescents. Methods: Electronic data from pediatric ophthalmology c...

Background: Trabeculectomy and minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) such as goniotomy aim to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) and medication burden but are often performed in patients with differing disease severity. Methods: We retrospectivel...

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of low-dose atropine and dual-focus MiSight contact lenses on myopia control. Methods: This study included a retrospective review of patients (5–13 years old) started on MiSight...

Background/Purpose: Ophthalmic triage is challenging for non-specialists due to limited training and rising global eye disease burden. This study evaluates a multimodal framework integrating clinical text and ophthalmic imaging with large language mo...

Background: This study evaluates the incidence and outcomes of patients with dropped nucleus/nuclear fragment during phacoemulsification surgery; Methods: Retrospective review of continuous cases with dropped nucleus/nuclear fragment during phacoemul...

The management of cataracts in keratoconus patients poses a challenge due to the irregular corneal shape and variability in corneal topography, which may lead to errors in determining corneal power. In this report, we present a case of a 48-year-old...

On the cornea, daily epithelial resurfacing is a critical process to prevent the loss of normal function, ocular morbidity, corneal structure, and vision loss. There are several components to wound healing, including cellular attachment, migration, a...

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), a demyelinating CNS disorder in which inflammatory cells infiltrate the spinal cord and optic nerve, has been identified as an AQP4-IgG-positive disease. Some of its most common clinical characteristics...

Purpose: To describe the efficacy and safety of surgical treatment in refractory glaucoma using transscleral cyclophotocoagulation with a diode laser (TSCPC). Cyclo-G6 laser with a G-probe delivery system (Iridex, Silicon Valley, CA, USA). Materials...

Objective: Pulsed ultrasound has been proposed as a tool to enhance ocular drug delivery, but its effects on drug potency are not well understood. Doxorubicin-HCl and cisplatin are two drugs commonly used to treat ocular melanoma. We report the effec...

Background: Immunotherapy represents a revolutionary approach in cancer treatment, where it leverages the body’s immune system to target and destroy malignant cells. In ophthalmic oncology, immunotherapeutic agents offer potential for managing...

Objective: To investigate any relationships between exfoliation syndrome or exfoliation glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration utilizing the Utah population database. Design: This was a retrospective, case–control cohort study. Subjects,...

(1) With persistent symptoms emerging as a possible global consequence of COVID-19, the need to understand, diagnose, and treat them is paramount. This systematic review aims to explore the potential of optical coherence tomography (OCT) and/or optic...

Background: Cycloplegic refraction is crucial in pediatric eye assessments. While spherical refraction changes due to cycloplegia are well-documented, astigmatic alterations remain unclear. This study assessed the agreement between spherical and asti...

Orbital cavernous venous malformations (CVMs) are the most common primary lesions in the orbit, characterized by slow growth and benign nature. CVMs that become symptomatic require intervention. Surgical management is guided by the expertise of the o...

Background/Objective: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of irreversible vision loss. Intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy is the primary treatment for neovascular AMD. This study aimed to assess...

Background: In clinical practice, visual outcomes with anti-VEGF therapy may be worse than those observed in clinical trials. In this study, we aim to investigate the long-term outcomes of neovascularization treated with intravitreal aflibercept inje...

This case report describes a unique ocular finding in a 64-year-old male with a history of central serous chorioretinopathy with choroidal neovascular membrane, treated with intravitreal injections of Aflibercept. The patient was found to have an iat...

Background: The prevalence of foveal hypoplasia in different inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) has not been compared in a large patient cohort. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and visual significance of foveal hypoplasia in IRDs. Methods: Part...

Background: Rundle’s curve describes the natural progression of disease as gradually worsening before reaching a peak and stabilizing. This study aimed to investigate whether Rundle’s curve could be applied to keratoconus over a five-year...

Objective: To report a case of ocular toxoplasmosis reactivation in a patient with neurosarcoidosis undergoing immunosuppressive therapy. Methods: Case report and literature review. Results: A 34-year-old male with neurosarcoidosis, treated with Infl...

Background: This study innovatively combines Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms with smartphone technology, automatically detecting the Near Point of Convergence (NPC) and diagnosing Convergence Insufficiency (CI) without the need for extra diag...

In light of the potential effects of spaceflight on the anterior segment of the eye, there is a pressing need for anterior segment imaging to be available and accessible to monitor astronauts’ ocular health, including alterations to the cornea...

Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness globally, with the commonest subtype being primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). POAG is characterised by an increase in intraocular pressure (IOP), optic nerve damage and irreversible visual fiel...

With increasing space exploration, there is a rising need to evaluate the impact of spaceflight on astronauts’ health, including the effects of space-associated hazards such as microgravity. Astronauts’ reports of experienced symptoms upo...

Wound dehiscence is a rare complication after penetrating keratoplasty (PK) that may occur with or without prior trauma. Multiple factors may influence corneal wound healing, including patient factors, corneal wound characteristics, and other externa...

Background: The impact of cataract surgery on anterior segment structures in subjects affected by primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) remains incompletely understood. The aim of this study was to characterize changes in anterior segment parameters aft...