Special Issue "Multimodality Imaging in Cardiomyopathies"

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Cardiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 December 2022) | Viewed by 11582

Special Issue Editors

Department of Cardiology, Umberto I Hospital, 84014 Nocera Inferiore, SA, Italy
Interests: echocardiography; cardiomyopathies; heart failure; athlete’s heart; spackle tracking strain; stress echocardiography
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Division of Cardiology, Antonio Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
Interests: right heart pulmonary circulation UNIT; aorta diseases; takotsubo syndrome

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Multimodality imaging plays an essential role in the evaluation, diagnosis and management of patients suspected of having a cardiomyopathy. In fact, multimodality imaging provides functional and anatomical information, and also variables that facilitate risk stratification and prognosis evaluation. Echocardiography with new applications such as strain imaging is the most common initial test used to establish the presence of cardiomyopathy, by depicting structural and functional abnormalities. However, echocardiographic findings are non-specific, and, therefore, have a limited role in identifying the underlying aetiology. The clinician should be capable of selecting the appropriate imaging techniques for each clinical scenario. Each technique has strengths and weaknesses, which should be known. The future of multimodality imaging in the diagnosis and management of cardiomyopathies will also involve evolution of its use in care, teaching and research.

Prof. Dr. Antonello D'Andrea
Prof. Dr. Eduardo Bossone
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Hypertrofic cardiomyopathy
  • Right ventricular dysplasia
  • Athlete’s heart
  • Dilated cardiomyopathy
  • Amyolodosis

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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Article
Left and Right Ventricular Morphology, Function and Myocardial Deformation in Children with Left Ventricular Non-Compaction Cardiomyopathy: A Case-Control Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Study
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(4), 1104; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11041104 - 19 Feb 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1513
Abstract
Background: Left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC) is a rare cardiomyopathy typically involving the left ventricle (LV); however, the right ventricle (RV) can also be affected. This case-control study aimed to assess the morphology and function of LV and RV in children with LVNC. [...] Read more.
Background: Left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC) is a rare cardiomyopathy typically involving the left ventricle (LV); however, the right ventricle (RV) can also be affected. This case-control study aimed to assess the morphology and function of LV and RV in children with LVNC. Methods: Sixteen children (13 ± 3 years, six girls) with LVNC were compared with 16 sex- and age-matched controls. LV and RV morphology and function were evaluated in cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) studies. Additionally, LV and RV global radial (GRS), circumferential (GCS), and longitudinal strain (GLS) were assessed using tissue-tracking analysis. Results: Patients with LVNC did not differ from the healthy controls in terms of age, height, weight, and body surface area (BSA). In total, 4/16 subjects with LVNC had mid-wall late gadolinium enhancement (LGE). Compared to the control group, patients with LVNC had higher end-diastolic volume (EDV) indexed for body surface area (BSA), lower ejection fraction (EF), and lower LV strain parameters (all p < 0.05). Children with LVNC also presented with thicker RV apical trabeculation, whereas there were no differences in RV EF and EDV/BSA between the groups. Nevertheless, children with LVNC had impaired RV GRS and GCS (both p < 0.05). Conclusions: LVNC in pediatric patients is associated with LV enlargement and impaired LV systolic function. Additionally, children with LVNC have increased RV trabeculations and subclinical impairment of RV myocardial deformation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multimodality Imaging in Cardiomyopathies)
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Review

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Review
Chronic Heart Failure in Children: State of the Art and New Perspectives
J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(7), 2611; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12072611 - 30 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1454
Abstract
Pediatric heart failure (HF) is an important clinical condition with high morbidity and mortality. Compared to adults, pediatric HF shows different etiologies characterized by different physiology, a different clinical course, and deeply different therapeutic approaches. In the last few years, new drugs have [...] Read more.
Pediatric heart failure (HF) is an important clinical condition with high morbidity and mortality. Compared to adults, pediatric HF shows different etiologies characterized by different physiology, a different clinical course, and deeply different therapeutic approaches. In the last few years, new drugs have been developed and new therapeutic strategies have been proposed with the goal of identifying an individualized treatment regimen. The aim of this article is to review the new potential drugs and non-pharmacological therapies for pediatric heart failure in children. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multimodality Imaging in Cardiomyopathies)
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Review
New Advanced Imaging Parameters and Biomarkers—A Step Forward in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of TTR Cardiomyopathy
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(9), 2360; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11092360 - 22 Apr 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1934
Abstract
Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) is an infiltrative disorder characterized by extracellular myocardial deposits of amyloid fibrils, with poor outcome, leading to heart failure and death, with significant treatment expenditure. In the era of a novel therapeutic arsenal of disease-modifying agents that target a [...] Read more.
Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) is an infiltrative disorder characterized by extracellular myocardial deposits of amyloid fibrils, with poor outcome, leading to heart failure and death, with significant treatment expenditure. In the era of a novel therapeutic arsenal of disease-modifying agents that target a myriad of pathophysiological mechanisms, timely and accurate diagnosis of ATTR-CM is crucial. Recent advances in therapeutic strategies shown to be most beneficial in the early stages of the disease have determined a paradigm shift in the screening, diagnostic algorithm, and risk classification of patients with ATTR-CM. The aim of this review is to explore the utility of novel specific non-invasive imaging parameters and biomarkers from screening to diagnosis, prognosis, risk stratification, and monitoring of the response to therapy. We will summarize the knowledge of the most recent advances in diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment tailoring parameters for early recognition, prediction of outcome, and better selection of therapeutic candidates in ATTR-CM. Moreover, we will provide input from different potential pathways involved in the pathophysiology of ATTR-CM, on top of the amyloid deposition, such as inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, reduced nitric oxide bioavailability, oxidative stress, and myocardial fibrosis, and their diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multimodality Imaging in Cardiomyopathies)
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Review
Multimodality Imaging in Cardiomyopathies with Hypertrophic Phenotypes
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(3), 868; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11030868 - 07 Feb 2022
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 2967
Abstract
Multimodality imaging is a comprehensive strategy to investigate left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), providing morphologic, functional, and often clinical information to clinicians. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is defined by an increased LV wall thickness not only explainable by abnormal loading conditions. In the context of [...] Read more.
Multimodality imaging is a comprehensive strategy to investigate left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), providing morphologic, functional, and often clinical information to clinicians. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is defined by an increased LV wall thickness not only explainable by abnormal loading conditions. In the context of HCM, multimodality imaging, by different imaging techniques, such as echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance, cardiac computer tomography, and cardiac nuclear imaging, provides essential information for diagnosis, sudden cardiac death stratification, and management. Furthermore, it is essential to uncover the specific cause of HCM, such as Fabry disease and cardiac amyloidosis, which can benefit of specific treatments. This review aims to elucidate the current role of multimodality imaging in adult patients with HCM. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multimodality Imaging in Cardiomyopathies)
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Review
The Role of Multimodality Imaging in Athlete’s Heart Diagnosis: Current Status and Future Directions
J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10(21), 5126; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10215126 - 31 Oct 2021
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2498
Abstract
“Athlete’s heart” is a spectrum of morphological and functional changes which occur in the heart of people who practice physical activity. When athlete’s heart occurs with its most marked expression, it may overlap with a differential diagnosis with certain structural cardiac diseases, including [...] Read more.
“Athlete’s heart” is a spectrum of morphological and functional changes which occur in the heart of people who practice physical activity. When athlete’s heart occurs with its most marked expression, it may overlap with a differential diagnosis with certain structural cardiac diseases, including cardiomyopathies, valvular diseases, aortopathies, myocarditis, and coronary artery anomalies. Identifying the underlying cardiac is essential to reduce the potential for sudden cardiac death. For this purpose, a spectrum of imaging modalities, including rest and exercise stress echocardiography, speckle tracking echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance, computed tomography, and nuclear scintigraphy, can be undertaken. The objective of this review article is to provide to the clinician a practical step-by-step approach, aiming at distinguishing between extreme physiology and structural cardiac disease during the athlete’s cardiovascular evaluation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multimodality Imaging in Cardiomyopathies)
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