Journal of Clinical Medicine

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Special Issue Editor

Dr. Aurora Zanghì

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Guest Editor

Department GF Ingrassia, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
Interests: neurologic examination; EEG; neurodegenerative diseases; multiple sclerosis; adult neurology; neurophysiology; neuroprotection; neuroimmunology; neuroinflammation; neurobiology and brain; physiology
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Demyelinating disease refers to any condition that causes damage to the protective covering (myelin sheath) that surrounds nerve fibers in the brain, the nerves leading to the eyes (optic nerves), and the spinal cord. When the myelin sheath is damaged, nerve impulses slow or even stop, causing neurological problems.

There is no cure for demyelinating diseases, but disease-modifying therapies can alter disease progression in some patients. Disease-modifying therapies can be used together with symptomatic treatment. The symptoms and progression of demyelinating diseases vary between patients. Early diagnosis and the discussion of treatment options are important.

In this Special Issue, we will focus on the recent progress in the diagnosis and treatment of demyelinating diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), acute-disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), and acute hemorrhagic leucoencephalitis (AHL). Any original research articles and reviews are welcome.

Dr. Aurora Zanghì
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

multiple sclerosis
acute-disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM)
acute haemorrhagic leucoencephalitis (AHL)
neurodegenerative diseases
neuroimmunology
neuroinflammation

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

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19 pages, 736 KiB

Open AccessReview

Personality Traits and Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis: A Narrative Review

by Alessia Ciancio, Maria Claudia Moretti, Antimo Natale, Alessandro Rodolico, Maria Salvina Signorelli, Antonino Petralia, Mario Altamura, Antonello Bellomo, Aurora Zanghì, Emanuele D’Amico, Carlo Avolio and Carmen Concerto

J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(13), 4518; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12134518 - 6 Jul 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1674

Abstract

(1) Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurodegenerative autoimmune disease. Fatigue is a prevalent and debilitating symptom that significantly impacts the quality of life of these patients. A relationship between personality traits and fatigue in MS has been hypothesized but not clearly defined. (2) Methods: A literature search was carried out from databases up to April 2023 for studies correlating personality traits and fatigue in patients suffering from MS. (3) Results: A total of ten articles was included; most of the studies depict a neuroticism–fatigue correlation; however, they were not consistent in terms of the fatigue, personality, and covariate assessments. (4) Conclusions: The clinical and methodological heterogeneity of the included studies prevented us from drawing any firm conclusion on the link between personality traits and fatigue in MS. Several models of personality and different fatigue assessments have been found. Despite this, a common pathway shows that the neuroticism trait or similar personality patterns has a role in fatigue diagnosis. This may be a useful target to improve the quality of life and enhance the modification of the disease treatment results. Further homogeneous and longitudinal studies are needed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Latest Advances in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Demyelinating Diseases)

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Other

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8 pages, 1152 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

A Case Report of Pediatric Patient with Tuberous Sclerosis and Radiologically Isolated Syndrome

by Giorgia Sforza, Gabriele Monte, Alessandra Voci, Lorenzo Figà Talamanca, Laura Papetti, Michela Ada Noris Ferilli, Martina Proietti Checchi, Massimiliano Valeriani and Romina Moavero

J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(9), 3284; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12093284 - 5 May 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1990

Abstract

Introduction: Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant neurocutaneous disease with central nervous system (CNS) involvement. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the CNS characterized by symptomatic episodes that occur months or years apart and affect different anatomic locations. In the absence of symptomatic episodes, radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS) could be diagnosed. Here, we report the case of a 10-year-old boy followed-up for TSC and diagnosed with RIS after a routine neuroimaging assessment. Case description: The patient was diagnosed with TSC after seizure onset at the age of 4 years. The follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed multiple asymptomatic demyelinating lesions. Brain and spinal cord MRI was performed after 2 months and showed additional lesions in the right frontal white matter and left cerebral peduncle, the latter with contrast enhancement. Therefore, he received a diagnosis of RIS. Visual evoked potentials were normal. Cerebrospinal fluid examination showed oligoclonal bands. The search for AQP4-IgG and MOG-IgG antibodies was negative. He was treated with interferon beta-1a. Six months later, follow-up MRI revealed no new demyelinating lesions and resolution of contrast enhancement. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the third reported patient presenting a co-occurrence of TSC and demyelinating disease. Although we cannot state if the described comorbidity is casual or not, some clinical and preclinical data suggest that the mTOR complex might be the link between TSC and demyelinating disease. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Latest Advances in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Demyelinating Diseases)

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