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Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells in Immunity and Disease—Series II
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Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells in Immunity and Disease—Series II

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 July 2021) | Viewed by 6845

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Mehdi Najar

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Bâtiment de Transfusion (Level +1), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
Interests: mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs); tissue sources of MSCs; immunomodulation properties; extracellular vesicles (EVs); environmental challenges; efficient MSC immunotherapy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are increasingly used for different clinical applications. MSCs are nonhematopoietic cells that display a fibroblastic-like shape in vitro. As a major component of the stromal niche, they can be found and isolated from several tissues. MSCs harbor a specific phenotype and a capacity to differentiate into other cell lineage depending on their in vivo or in vitro environment. Thus, their therapeutic function is likely a combination of both trophic and immunomodulatory activities rather than their multilineage potential. MSCs are sensitive to their environment and show plasticity in their fate, allowing to respond accordingly. These cells harbor different receptors that allow sensing the surroundings (inflammation, pathogen, injury, damage). These effects are also linked to their secretome that includes several growth factors, cytokines, and genetic materials. All these elements might be packaged in extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from the cells and that mimic the same effect. As an immuno-trophic cellular product, MSCs are increasingly indicated for both regenerative and immunotherapeutic applications. A better characterization of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the properties of MSCs is required. Additionally, understanding the influence of the local environment as well as the plasticity of MSCs will achieve the most efficient and safer therapeutic effect.

Dr. Mehdi Najar
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs)
  • Tissue therapy
  • Mode of action
  • Environment influence
  • Plasticity
  • Secretome
  • EVs

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Editorial

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2 pages, 191 KiB  
Editorial
Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cell Therapeutic Features: The Bridge between the Bench and the Clinic
by Makram Merimi, Philippe Lewalle, Nathalie Meuleman, Douâa Moussa Agha, Hoda El-Kehdy, Fatima Bouhtit, Sara Ayoub, Arsène Burny, Hassan Fahmi, Laurence Lagneaux and Mehdi Najar
J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10(5), 905; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10050905 - 25 Feb 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1364
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are considered a relevant therapeutic product for various clinical applications [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells in Immunity and Disease—Series II)

Review

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23 pages, 1623 KiB  
Review
Alloreactive Immune Response Associated to Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Treatment: A Systematic Review
by Raquel Sanabria-de la Torre, María I. Quiñones-Vico, Ana Fernández-González, Manuel Sánchez-Díaz, Trinidad Montero-Vílchez, Álvaro Sierra-Sánchez and Salvador Arias-Santiago
J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10(13), 2991; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10132991 - 05 Jul 2021
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 2851
Abstract
The well-known immunomodulatory and regenerative properties of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are the reason why they are being used for the treatment of many diseases. Because they are considered hypoimmunogenic, MSCs treatments are performed without considering histocompatibility barriers and without anticipating possible immune [...] Read more.
The well-known immunomodulatory and regenerative properties of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are the reason why they are being used for the treatment of many diseases. Because they are considered hypoimmunogenic, MSCs treatments are performed without considering histocompatibility barriers and without anticipating possible immune rejections. However, recent preclinical studies describe the generation of alloantibodies and the immune rejection of MSCs. This has led to an increasing number of clinical trials evaluating the immunological profile of patients after treatment with MSCs. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the generation of donor specific antibodies (DSA) after allogeneic MSC (allo-MSC) therapy and the impact on safety or tolerability. Data from 555 patients were included in the systematic review, 356 were treated with allo-MSC and the rest were treated with placebo or control drugs. A mean of 11.51% of allo-MSC-treated patients developed DSA. Specifically, 14.95% of these patients developed DSA and 6.33% of them developed cPRA. Neither the production of DSA after treatment nor the presence of DSA at baseline (presensitization) were correlated with safety and/or tolerability of the treatment. The number of doses administrated and human leucocyte antigen (HLA) mismatches between donor and recipient did not affect the production of DSA. The safety of allo-MSC therapy has been proved in all the studies and the generation of alloantibodies might not have clinical relevance. However, there are very few studies in the area. More studies with adequate designs are needed to confirm these results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells in Immunity and Disease—Series II)
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Other

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5 pages, 2597 KiB  
Brief Report
IL4I1 Is Expressed by Head–Neck Cancer-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Contributes to Suppress T Cell Proliferation
by Alessio Mazzoni, Manuela Capone, Matteo Ramazzotti, Anna Vanni, Luca Giovanni Locatello, Oreste Gallo, Raffaele De Palma, Lorenzo Cosmi, Francesco Liotta, Francesco Annunziato and Laura Maggi
J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10(10), 2111; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10102111 - 13 May 2021
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 2080
Abstract
Amino acids have a primary role in cancer metabolism. Beyond their primary biosynthetic role, they represent also an alternative fuel while their catabolites can influence the epigenetic control of gene expression and suppress anti-tumor immune responses. The accumulation of amino-acid derivatives in the [...] Read more.
Amino acids have a primary role in cancer metabolism. Beyond their primary biosynthetic role, they represent also an alternative fuel while their catabolites can influence the epigenetic control of gene expression and suppress anti-tumor immune responses. The accumulation of amino-acid derivatives in the tumor microenvironment depends not only on the activity of tumor cells, but also on stromal cells. In this study, we show that mesenchymal stromal cells derived from head–neck cancer express the amino acid oxidase IL4I1 that has been detected in different types of tumor cells. The catabolic products of IL4I1, H2O2, and kynurenines are known to suppress T cell response. We found that neutralization of IL4I1 activity can restore T cell proliferation. Thus, therapeutical strategies targeting enzymes involved in amino-acid catabolism may be helpful to contemporary block tumor cell migration and restore an efficacious anti-tumor immunity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells in Immunity and Disease—Series II)
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