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Inflammatory Eye Diseases: Embracing Basic and Clinical Innovations for Disease Diagnosis and Treatment

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Ophthalmology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 March 2023) | Viewed by 33821

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Takenori Inomata

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 1130033, Japan
Interests: dry eye; meibomian grand dysfunction; allergic conjunctivitis; regulatory T cell; smartphone; artificial intelligence; genome
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The eye is one of few organs to possess immune privilege to control excessive inflammation and to maintain homeostasis, likely because excessive inflammation of the eye tissue may cause irreversible visual impairment. These effects are often critical in corneal endothelial cells that maintain corneal transparency and retinal photoreceptor cells, as they do not regenerate in vivo. As such, inflammatory damage to those types of tissue frequently leads to blindness. Recently, the field of cross-hierarchical integrative data-driven biological research has received attention owing to the development of medical big data and artificial intelligence technologies. Such analyses may have implications for elucidating various pathophysiology as they encompass all levels of cellular function from intracellular molecular dynamics to end phenotypes. Ultimately, they may promote further understanding of ocular inflammatory pathologies and lay groundwork for the four pillars of P4 (predictive, personalized, preventative, and participatory) medicine for human-centered healthcare. The scope of this Special Issue is to provide an overview of recent advances on and clinical innovations in the field of inflammatory eye disease. Therefore, researchers in the field of inflammatory eye disease are encouraged to submit an original article or review to this Special Issue (case reports and short reviews are not accepted).

Dr. Takenori Inomata
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • inflammation
  • immunology
  • dry eye
  • allergic conjunctivitis
  • corneal transplantation
  • uveitis
  • artificial intelligence
  • internet of medical things
  • smartphone application
  • genome
  • omics
  • patient and public involvement

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Editorial

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4 pages, 212 KiB  
Editorial
Changing Medical Paradigm on Inflammatory Eye Disease: Technology and Its Implications for P4 Medicine
by Takenori Inomata and Jaemyoung Sung
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(11), 2964; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11112964 - 24 May 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1733
Abstract
Society 5 [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Inflammatory Eye Diseases: Embracing Basic and Clinical Innovations for Disease Diagnosis and Treatment)

Research

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10 pages, 3695 KiB  
Article
Effectiveness of Topical Ganciclovir 2% Monotherapy Versus Combined Steroid Therapy in Cytomegalovirus Endotheliitis
by Yu-Wei Kuo, En-Che Chang, Chia-Yi Lee, Shwu-Huey Lee, I-Chia Liang, Yi-Chun Chen and Yu-Chih Hou
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(19), 5811; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195811 - 30 Sep 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2678
Abstract
We aimed to report the clinical manifestations of cytomegalovirus (CMV) corneal endotheliitis and the results of long-term treatment with topical ganciclovir 2% with and without steroids. This retrospective, interventional study included 15 eyes of 13 patients diagnosed with CMV corneal endotheliitis by positive [...] Read more.
We aimed to report the clinical manifestations of cytomegalovirus (CMV) corneal endotheliitis and the results of long-term treatment with topical ganciclovir 2% with and without steroids. This retrospective, interventional study included 15 eyes of 13 patients diagnosed with CMV corneal endotheliitis by positive CMV DNA and treated with long-term topical ganciclovir 2% eye drops at a tertiary referral center and the median follow-up period was 17 months. Ocular manifestations included keratic precipitates (KPs) (100%), elevated IOP (93.3%), iritis (60%), corneal edema (60%), and moth-eaten iris atrophy (60%). After long-term treatment, corneal edema, iritis, and KPs significantly decreased (effect size: 72%, 76% and 70%, respectively; p = 0.024, p = 0.006 and p < 0.001, respectively). Both the logMAR acuity and IOP significantly improved (median logMAR was 0.52 before treatment and 0.22 after treatment; median IOP was 42 mmHg before treatment and 12 mmHg after treatment; p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). The ECD was maintained (effect size: 80%), and the percentage of hexagonal cell ratio of endothelial cells significantly improved after treatment (effect size: 82%; p = 0.035). Fewer anti-glaucoma medications were used in the non-steroid group (effect size: 79%; p = 0.034). Long-term maintenance treatment with topical ganciclovir 2% monotherapy not only provides effective therapy and reduces recurrence, but also decreases the high IOP related to the combination of steroids used. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Inflammatory Eye Diseases: Embracing Basic and Clinical Innovations for Disease Diagnosis and Treatment)
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Review

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9 pages, 1062 KiB  
Review
A Review of Ophthalmic Complications in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
by Wiktoria Pytrus, Katarzyna Akutko, Tomasz Pytrus and Anna Turno-Kręcicka
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(24), 7457; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11247457 - 15 Dec 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2668
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are chronic immune-mediated conditions caused by various polygenic and environmental factors. Clinical manifestations of IBD primarily occur in the gastrointestinal tract, but many patients are affected by extraintestinal complications, including eye [...] Read more.
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are chronic immune-mediated conditions caused by various polygenic and environmental factors. Clinical manifestations of IBD primarily occur in the gastrointestinal tract, but many patients are affected by extraintestinal complications, including eye diseases. Ocular disorders are the third most common extraintestinal manifestation (EIM), following musculoskeletal and mucocutaneous involvement. Episcleritis, frequently occurring in IBD patients, may be associated with exacerbation of the intestinal disease. Uveitis does not correlate with IBD activity but may be related to the presence of other EIMs, particularly erythema nodosum and peripheral arthritis. Early detection and specific therapy of ocular manifestations of IBD are fundamental to avoiding sight-threatening complications. Therefore, ophthalmic evaluation should be performed in all IBD patients. Systemic corticosteroids or immunosuppressants may be inevitable in severe cases to control ocular inflammation. Persistent and relapsing conditions usually respond well to TNF-α-inhibitors. Interdisciplinary cooperation between gastroenterologists and ophthalmologists is fundamental in initiating the appropriate treatment for patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Inflammatory Eye Diseases: Embracing Basic and Clinical Innovations for Disease Diagnosis and Treatment)
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Other

8 pages, 3212 KiB  
Case Report
Management of Steroid-Induced Glaucoma in a Patient with Pyoderma Gangrenosum
by Ji Yeon Byun, Yong Koo Kang, Yong Hyun Jang, Young Kook Kim and Dai Woo Kim
J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(8), 2930; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12082930 - 18 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1734
Abstract
Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is an uncommon inflammatory skin disorder typically presenting as painful skin ulcers, which may also exhibit extracutaneous findings. PG can occur at the site of trauma or surgery, which is known as the pathergic phenomenon. A 36-year-old man developed bilateral [...] Read more.
Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is an uncommon inflammatory skin disorder typically presenting as painful skin ulcers, which may also exhibit extracutaneous findings. PG can occur at the site of trauma or surgery, which is known as the pathergic phenomenon. A 36-year-old man developed bilateral steroid-induced glaucoma after prolonged systemic immunosuppressive treatment for cutaneous pyoderma gangrenosum. After successful Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation surgery with donor scleral patch graft in the right eye, the same surgery failed repeatedly in the left eye and complicated with the prolonged conjunctival necrosis and the exposure of the donor scleral patch graft. Under the impression of ocular involvement of PG, microinvasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) with XEN® Gel Stent was performed in the left eye; the conjunctival bleb was successfully formed without conjunctival necrosis, and intraocular pressure was well maintained. Ophthalmic surgery can be complicated in patients with PG, and the surgical option should be selected prudently to minimize surgical trauma. MIGS, as a minimally invasive surgical technique, could offer an advantage for patients with PG. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Inflammatory Eye Diseases: Embracing Basic and Clinical Innovations for Disease Diagnosis and Treatment)
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