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The Association Between Sleep Disorders and Metabolic and Mental Health
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The Association Between Sleep Disorders and Metabolic and Mental Health

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Mental Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2025 | Viewed by 3268

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Filip Franciszek Karuga

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka St. 6/8, 92-251 Lodz, Poland
Interests: sleep medicine; woman’s health; hypoxia; metabolic disorders; circadian rhythms
Prof. Dr. Piotr Bialasiewicz

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka St. 6/8, 92-251 Lodz, Poland
Interests: sleep medicine; respioratory diseases; metabolic disorders; sleep apnea
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Marcin Sochal

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka St. 6/8, 92-251 Lodz, Poland
Interests: sleep medicine; mental health; metabolic disorders; sleep apnea
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Sleep plays a vital role in overall health, with mounting evidence demonstrating its significant impact on both metabolic and mental wellbeing. Sleep disorders, such as insomnia, sleep apnea, and circadian rhythm disruptions, are increasingly being recognized as critical factors that contribute to metabolic dysfunction and mental health conditions, including diabetes, obesity, depression, and anxiety.

This Special Issue seeks to explore the intricate relationship between sleep disorders and metabolic as well as mental health outcomes. We invite multidisciplinary research that examines the biological, psychological, and clinical dimensions of this association. Studies addressing the mechanisms linking sleep disorders with metabolic syndromes, the bidirectional relationship between poor sleep and mental health disorders, and potential therapeutic interventions are particularly encouraged.

In particular, papers focusing on women’s sleep health or studies that include significant female cohorts are especially welcome. Women experience unique sleep challenges across their lifespan due to hormonal fluctuations, pregnancy, and menopause, and research in this area is critical for advancing tailored approaches to prevention and treatment.

We welcome submissions of original research, reviews, and clinical studies that provide novel insights into this growing field, with the aim of advancing our understanding of how sleep disorders influence metabolic and mental health, and how early detection and treatment may improve patient outcomes.

Dr. Filip Franciszek Karuga
Prof. Dr. Piotr Bialasiewicz
Dr. Marcin Sochal
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • sleep medicine
  • sleep apnea
  • hypoxia
  • metabolism
  • mental health
  • women’s health

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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21 pages, 312 KiB  
Article
Sleep Health and Psychological Wellbeing in Adult Women: A Specific Focus on Endometriosis—A Survey Study
by Elisabetta Baldi, Debora Meneo, Silvia Cerolini, Francesca Gelfo and Chiara Baglioni
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(6), 2103; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14062103 - 19 Mar 2025
Viewed by 443
Abstract
Background: Endometriosis is a chronic, oestrogen-sensitive inflammatory disease, which can have a significant impact on women’s wellbeing. Nevertheless, the sleep health of this population has been poorly investigated. This exploratory study aimed at describing sleep health, psychological wellbeing, and prevalence of endometriosis [...] Read more.
Background: Endometriosis is a chronic, oestrogen-sensitive inflammatory disease, which can have a significant impact on women’s wellbeing. Nevertheless, the sleep health of this population has been poorly investigated. This exploratory study aimed at describing sleep health, psychological wellbeing, and prevalence of endometriosis among a sample of female students and at evaluating the impact of endometriosis on sleep health and psychological wellbeing in women suffering from the disease. Methods: Women were recruited with a two-stage procedure in a cross-sectional study using online questionnaires: Insomnia Severity Index, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale—Short form. Furthermore, specific questions were used to measure the five dimensions of sleep health: satisfaction, vigilance, efficiency, duration, and timing. Results: In the first stage of the enrolment procedure, 1068 students (18–45 years old) responded to the questionnaire, and 8.7% reported a physician diagnosis of endometriosis. Additionally, in the second stage of the enrolment procedure, 75 women were recruited through social media and reported a diagnosis of endometriosis. Then, all women with endometriosis (169) were age-matched with 169 women without the disease. Multivariate regression analyses showed a bidirectional association between sleep health and psychological wellbeing in the matched sample. Independent samples t-test showed that women with endometriosis reported more severe insomnia symptoms and lower psychological wellbeing than controls. Statistically significant differences were also found in global sleep health and satisfaction, vigilance, and efficiency. Among women with endometriosis, pain and anxiety symptoms were bidirectionally associated, while sleep health was significantly associated with disease stage and psychological difficulties. Conclusions: Considering and treating sleep difficulties in this population may contribute to an improvement in psychological wellbeing and quality of life. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Association Between Sleep Disorders and Metabolic and Mental Health)
13 pages, 2199 KiB  
Article
Cross-Sectional Analysis of Hypoxia-Regulated miRNA-181a, miRNA-199a, HIF-1α, and SIRT1 in the Development of Type 2 Diabetes in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea—Preliminary Study
by Filip Franciszek Karuga, Piotr Kaczmarski, Marcin Sochal, Bartosz Szmyd, Piotr Białasiewicz and Agata Gabryelska
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(24), 7644; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13247644 - 15 Dec 2024
Viewed by 1114
Abstract
Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is recognized as an independent risk factor for diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) development, which is twice as common in patients with OSA compared to non-OSA patients. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate changes in oxygen [...] Read more.
Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is recognized as an independent risk factor for diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) development, which is twice as common in patients with OSA compared to non-OSA patients. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate changes in oxygen metabolism and their role in T2DM development among OSA patients through epigenetic processes via miRNA-181a, miRNA-199a, and enzymatic processes via SIRT1 and HIF-1α. Methods: Based on polysomnography, apnea–hypopnea index and the presence of T2DM patients were divided into three groups: control group (n = 17), OSA group (n = 11), OSA&T2DM (n = 20) group. Total RNA was extracted from the buffy coat. Moreover, HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance) was counted. Results: Morning miRNA-181a expression was significantly higher in the OSA&T2DM group than in the control group: 67.618 vs. 32.685 (p = 0.036). Evening miRNA-199a expression was significantly higher in the OSA group than in the control group: 5.043 vs. 2.081 (p = 0.042), while its morning expression was significantly higher in the OSA&T2DM group when compared to the control: 4.065 vs. 1.605 (p = 0.036). MiRNA-181a evening expression revealed a negative correlation with the SIRT1 evening and morning expressions (R = −0.367, p = 0.010 and R = −0.405, p = 0.004, respectively). Moreover, morning miRNA-181a was positively correlated with HOMA-IR (R = 0.321, p = 0.034). MiRNA-199a evening expression presented a moderate positive correlation with the SIRT1 morning expressions (R = 0.48, p < 0.001) and HOMA-IR (R = 0.35, p = 0.02). Conclusions: Patients suffering from OSA and T2DM had an increased expression of miRNA-181a. Moreover, a negative correlation between miRNA-181a and SIRT1 expression was observed, while a correlation between miRNA-181a and insulin resistance was positive. This phenomenon might suggest a possible epigenetic pathway for an increased incidence of T2DM in OSA patients however further research is needed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Association Between Sleep Disorders and Metabolic and Mental Health)
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22 pages, 6632 KiB  
Perspective
The Brain Toxin Cleansing of Sleep Achieved During Wakefulness
by Gary W. Arendash
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(3), 926; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14030926 - 31 Jan 2025
Viewed by 1211
Abstract
A primary purpose of sleep for humans is to remove toxins and metabolic wastes from the brain (e.g., Aβ, tau, lactate) that would otherwise build up and compromise brain functionality. There are currently no drugs or devices that have been clinically shown in [...] Read more.
A primary purpose of sleep for humans is to remove toxins and metabolic wastes from the brain (e.g., Aβ, tau, lactate) that would otherwise build up and compromise brain functionality. There are currently no drugs or devices that have been clinically shown in humans to enhance brain toxin removal, either during sleep or wakefulness. This perspective article focuses on a recently (re)discovered major route of toxin drainage from the human brain through meningeal lymphatic vessels (mLVs) and the primary enhancer of their flow—the cytokine Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF). The purpose of this perspective article is to present pre-clinical and clinical evidence relevant to a new bioengineered technology (Transcranial Radiofrequency Treatment; TRFT) that appears to enhance mLV flow to increase brain toxin cleansing in humans during wakefulness. In being both safe and non-invasive, TRFT is administered in-home, presently through a device called “MemorEM”. Two months of daily TRFT during wakefulness increased the typically low plasma/brain levels of VEGF in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) subjects, which was associated with increased Aβ and tau toxin removal from their brains during wakefulness—ostensibly through VEGF-increased mLV flow. Even irrespective of baseline VEGF levels, brain toxin cleansing was increased by TRFT in AD subjects, who also experienced a notable reversal of their cognitive impairment after TRFT. Additional clinical studies are nonetheless required to firmly establish TRFT’s brain cleansing abilities during wakefulness. In performing a major duty of sleep, TRFT during wakefulness is proposed as a viable intervention to counter the decline in nighttime brain toxin cleansing that occurs with aging and in multiple brain diseases, most notably Alzheimer’s Disease. The implications of TRFT for insomnia and for sleep deprivation are also discussed, as is the potential for TRFT to extend healthy human longevity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Association Between Sleep Disorders and Metabolic and Mental Health)
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