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Diagnosis and Clinical Management in Hematologic Oncology
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Diagnosis and Clinical Management in Hematologic Oncology

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Hematology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 April 2027 | Viewed by 1495

Editors

Dr. Sunil Lakhwani

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Hematology and Hemotherapy, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, 38320 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
Interests: oncohematology; multiple myeloma; lymphoid malignancies
Dr. José María Raya-Sánchez

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Hematology and Hemotherapy, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, 38320 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
Interests: chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms; myelofibrosis; hemotherapy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Hematologic malignancies encompass a broad spectrum of disorders, including lymphomas, multiple myeloma, chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms, and acute and chronic leukemias, among others. These diseases continue to represent a major clinical challenge due to their biological diversity, variable prognosis, and evolving therapeutic landscape. In recent years, advances in molecular diagnostics, next-generation sequencing, and functional imaging have significantly improved our ability to characterize these conditions, enabling more precise risk stratification and personalized therapeutic approaches.

At the same time, the rapid development of novel agents—such as targeted therapies, monoclonal antibodies, and cellular immunotherapies—is reshaping the standard of care. However, integrating these innovations into clinical practice requires a careful balance between efficacy, safety, and accessibility.

This Special Issue brings together original research and reviews that highlight progress in diagnostic strategies, prognostic markers, and clinical management across the spectrum of hematologic malignancies, aiming to provide clinicians and researchers with insights that can translate into improved patient outcomes.

Dr. Sunil Lakhwani
Dr. José María Raya-Sánchez
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-anonymized peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • hematologic malignancies
  • lymphoma
  • multiple myeloma
  • acute leukemia
  • myeloproliferative neoplasms
  • molecular diagnostics
  • targeted therapy
  • immunotherapy
  • prognostic biomarkers
  • clinical management

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 991 KB  
Article
Diagnosis-to-Treatment Interval Reflects Clinical Urgency and Disease Burden in T-Lymphoblastic Lymphoma: A Multicenter Cohort Study
by Jin Chai, Yunyan Sun, Xuewen Lei, Linjun Zhao, Jie Chen, Wenhui Zhang, Yue Wang, Ni An, Lingyan Ping, Yuqin Song and Hui Yu
J. Clin. Med. 2026, 15(16), 6408; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15166408 - 19 Aug 2026
Viewed by 111
Abstract
Objective: Diagnosis-to-treatment interval (DTI) has been investigated in several lymphoma subtypes, but its significance in T-lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) remains unclear. We evaluated whether DTI reflects clinical urgency, disease burden and early outcomes in newly diagnosed T-LBL. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 220 patients with [...] Read more.
Objective: Diagnosis-to-treatment interval (DTI) has been investigated in several lymphoma subtypes, but its significance in T-lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) remains unclear. We evaluated whether DTI reflects clinical urgency, disease burden and early outcomes in newly diagnosed T-LBL. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 220 patients with newly diagnosed, mass-dominant, and histologically diagnosed T-LBL treated at four centers between 2003 and 2025. DTI was operationally defined as the interval from diagnostic biopsy to first systemic anti-lymphoma therapy and was primarily analyzed as a continuous variable per 7-day increase. Descriptive DTI groups were <15, 15–29 and ≥30 days. Results: Median DTI was 20 days (interquartile range [IQR], 14–32). Shorter DTI was associated with advanced stage, elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), multiple extranodal involvement, central nervous system (CNS) involvement, B symptoms, lower hemoglobin and higher International Prognostic Index (IPI) score. CNS involvement remained independently associated with DTI < 15 days. In adjusted analyses, each 7-day increase in DTI was associated with lower odds of early treatment failure within 2 years (odds ratio [OR] 0.72, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.58–0.88), lower hazards of progression-free survival (PFS) events (hazard ratio [HR] 0.84, 95% CI 0.74–0.94) and lower mortality (HR 0.84, 95% CI 0.73–0.98), but not complete response. Conclusions: Shorter DTI appears to reflect clinical urgency and disease burden rather than a causal effect of early treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Clinical Management in Hematologic Oncology)
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10 pages, 204 KB  
Article
Changes in Hospitalization and Infection Burden in Patients with Multiple Myeloma Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
by Sunil Lakhwani, Cristian L. Gutiérrez-Padilla, Raúl Domínguez-Guerra, Andrea R. Rodríguez-Suárez, Marta Díaz-López, Alejandro Martín-Martín and Miguel T. Hernández-García
J. Clin. Med. 2026, 15(12), 4613; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15124613 - 14 Jun 2026
Viewed by 306
Abstract
Background: The increasing incidence and improved survival rates of multiple myeloma (MM) have led to a growing healthcare burden, particularly in terms of hospitalizations. In addition, infection-related complications remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality in these patients. The impact of infection [...] Read more.
Background: The increasing incidence and improved survival rates of multiple myeloma (MM) have led to a growing healthcare burden, particularly in terms of hospitalizations. In addition, infection-related complications remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality in these patients. The impact of infection control measures implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic on hospitalization patterns in MM is not well-established. Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study including all hospital admissions of patients with MM in a tertiary hospital in Spain across three different periods: 2008, 2018, and May 2020 to April 2021 (COVID-19 pandemic period). We analyzed the proportion of admissions, cumulative length of stay, causes of hospitalization, and infection-related complications. Results: The proportion of hospitalizations due to MM increased significantly from 14% in 2008 to 29.8% in 2018 (p < 0.001), along with a parallel increase in cumulative length of stay (14.4% vs. 27.1%, p < 0.001). During the COVID-19 period, a significant reduction in the proportion of admissions was observed compared to 2018 (21.2% vs. 29.8%, p = 0.0029), while cumulative length of stay showed a non-significant decrease. The proportion of infection-related admissions remained stable during the pandemic period, although the absolute number of infections decreased, including respiratory infections. Notably, the incidence of nosocomial pneumonia decreased significantly (26.3% vs. 9.6%, p = 0.028). Conclusions: Compared with 2008, patients with MM accounted for a substantially higher proportion of hospital admissions and cumulative hospital stay in 2018, reflecting the increasing healthcare burden associated with this disease. During the COVID-19 period, a significant reduction in nosocomial pneumonia was observed, suggesting that infection-control strategies may help reduce respiratory complications in patients with MM. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Clinical Management in Hematologic Oncology)

Review

Jump to: Research

43 pages, 4242 KB  
Review
Diagnosis-Driven Targeted Therapy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Clinical Integration of Tyrosine Kinase, BCL-2, and CD33-Directed Strategies with Midostaurin, Venetoclax, and Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin
by Piotr Kawczak, Katarzyna Kawczak and Tomasz Bączek
J. Clin. Med. 2026, 15(13), 4886; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15134886 - 23 Jun 2026
Viewed by 757
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a biologically heterogeneous malignancy in which therapeutic decision-making is increasingly guided by molecular and immunophenotypic diagnostics. Advances in genomic profiling and risk stratification have enabled the integration of targeted agents into frontline and relapsed/refractory treatment strategies. Among these, [...] Read more.
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a biologically heterogeneous malignancy in which therapeutic decision-making is increasingly guided by molecular and immunophenotypic diagnostics. Advances in genomic profiling and risk stratification have enabled the integration of targeted agents into frontline and relapsed/refractory treatment strategies. Among these, midostaurin, venetoclax, and gemtuzumab ozogamicin represent paradigm-shifting therapies whose clinical benefit depends on accurate and timely diagnosis. This review examines the diagnostic frameworks that inform the use of these agents and discusses their incorporation into contemporary AML management. Midostaurin has demonstrated improved outcomes in patients with FLT3-mutated AML when combined with intensive chemotherapy, underscoring the importance of early molecular testing. Venetoclax, a BCL-2 inhibitor, has expanded therapeutic options for older or unfit patients when used with hypomethylating agents or low-dose cytarabine, with emerging evidence linking response to cytogenetic and molecular features. Gemtuzumab ozogamicin, an anti-CD33 antibody–drug conjugate, illustrates the clinical relevance of immunophenotypic assessment and risk-adapted dosing strategies. We highlight current evidence supporting diagnosis-driven therapy selection, practical considerations for clinical implementation, and ongoing challenges, including resistance mechanisms and optimal sequencing. Integrating precise diagnostic tools with targeted therapies represents a critical step toward personalized AML care and improved patient outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Clinical Management in Hematologic Oncology)
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