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The Wide World of Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA)-Associated Disorders: Patterns, Clinical Phenotypes, Comorbidities, and Impact

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Immunology & Rheumatology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 July 2026 | Viewed by 1291

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Guest Editor
Internal Medicine 2, Sfânta Maria Clinical Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Interests: autoimmune disorders; inflammatory diseases; biologicals; connective tissue disorders; spondyloarthitis
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Antinuclear antibody (ANA)-associated disorders encompass an exceptionally broad and heterogeneous spectrum of conditions, from organ-limited manifestations to complex systemic autoimmune diseases. This Special Issue aims to deliver a clinically grounded, practice-focused overview of ANA-related diseases (SLE, Sjögren’s disease, systemic sclerosis, idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, MCTD/UCTD, autoimmune liver disease, overlap, and drug-induced syndromes), highlighting diagnostic challenges, evolving classification concepts, and implications for patient monitoring and long-term follow-up. We invite contributions that refine the interpretation of ANA patterns, explore associations between serological profiles and clinical phenotypes, and clarify the impact of ANA status in overlap syndromes and undifferentiated connective tissue diseases. Particular attention will be given to comorbidities and complications, including cardiovascular, metabolic, pulmonary, oncologic, infectious, and neuropsychiatric burdens, as well as treatment-related toxicities that influence prognosis, disability, and quality of life. Contributions on imaging tools, structured risk stratification, and longitudinal cohorts are welcome. Submissions addressing pediatric versus adult-onset disease, pregnancy, sex and gender influences, elderly patients, and underserved populations are strongly encouraged. Through original articles, narrative and systematic reviews, and carefully selected case-based contributions, this Special Issue seeks to integrate serological, clinical, and prognostic perspectives, providing clinicians and multidisciplinary teams with an updated, patient-centered framework for accurate classification, timely referral, and holistic management of individuals with ANA-associated disorders. Ultimately, we aim to better align testing, interpretation, and outcomes.

Dr. Daniela Opris-Belinski
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • antinuclear antibodies (ANA)
  • ANA-associated disorders
  • clinical phenotypes
  • ANA patterns
  • lupus, Sjögren’s disease, systemic sclerosis, idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, comorbidities
  • connective tissue diseases
  • overlap syndromes
  • undifferentiated connective tissue disease
  • risk stratification
  • patient-centered management

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

20 pages, 609 KB  
Review
Beyond Dryness: Mapping the Psychological and Cognitive Burden in Sjögren’s Disease—A Narrative Review
by Adriana Elena Neagu, Daniela Opriș-Belinski, Teodora Baciu, Sinziana Daia-Iliescu, Claudia Cobilinschi and Ioana Saulescu
J. Clin. Med. 2026, 15(8), 2857; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15082857 - 9 Apr 2026
Viewed by 989
Abstract
Background: Sjögren’s disease (SjD) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by persistent exocrine gland inflammation, possible multi-organ involvement and a marked predominance of mid-life women. Beyond dryness and fatigue, patients report mood disturbances and cognitive complaints such as “brain fog”, which affect [...] Read more.
Background: Sjögren’s disease (SjD) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by persistent exocrine gland inflammation, possible multi-organ involvement and a marked predominance of mid-life women. Beyond dryness and fatigue, patients report mood disturbances and cognitive complaints such as “brain fog”, which affect daily functioning and quality of life. Objective: To summarize and critically synthesize the literature on depression, anxiety, cognitive function, personality traits and quality of life assessment in adults with SjD and to highlight clinically relevant gaps. Methods: We performed a narrative review (PubMed, Cochrane, Embase through June 2025) of studies on psychological outcomes, cognitive function and quality of life in adults with SjD. Results: Depression and anxiety were frequently observed: depressive symptoms were present in roughly one-third to nearly half of patients, while anxiety symptoms were reported by about one-third. Cognitive impairment (affecting memory, attention and executive function) was also frequently described, often alongside severe fatigue and sleep disturbance. Overall, quality of life was reduced in SjD, driven mainly by fatigue and emotional distress rather than by classic disease activity. Neuroimmune mechanisms (e.g., chronic systemic inflammation and cytokine signalling such as IL-6 and TNF-α) may contribute to affective and cognitive symptoms. Overall, the evidence base remains largely cross-sectional and heterogeneous. Conclusions: Psychiatric symptoms and cognitive complaints represent a substantial and clinically relevant burden in SjD. Routine screening and multidisciplinary management that includes psychological assessment and support may improve well-being, adherence and quality of life. Full article
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