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Pediatric Nephrology: Advances in the Diagnosis and Management of Pediatric Kidney Disorders

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Nephrology & Urology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 January 2026 | Viewed by 578

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-274 Białystok, Poland
Interests: kidney; nephrotic syndrome; hypertension; glomerulonephritis; kidney disease; acute kidney injury; chronic kidney disease

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Guest Editor
Pediatric & Nephrology Department, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
Interests: nephrotic syndrome; acute renal injury; hypertension
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Pediatric kidney disorders refer to various conditions, sudden or chronic, including congenital abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tract, glomerulopathies, or tubulo-interstitial diseases. They may have different background, but nevertheless, most are at risk of chronic kidney disease. That is why achieving the right diagnosis, enabling early interventions, is crucial.

Advances in diagnosing and the further management of kidney diseases in the pediatric population have significantly improved outcomes. One of the major developments is the search for biomarkers, which are useful in the early diagnosis and treatment of kidney problems. What is more, these potential biomarkers seem to have moved from research to clinical use, aiding in the early detection and monitoring of several kidney diseases, especially acute kidney injury. Additionally, but also extremely important in inherited kidney disease diagnosis, is genetic testing. This may allow for the early and precise identification of specific genetic abnormalities and, in some cases, more personalized management plans.

As for the management of kidney diseases, we have observed the development of new biologics and immunosuppressants introduced for the therapy of conditions related to nephrotic and nephritic syndromes. RNA interference therapies help to effectively treat rare diseases. In renal replacement therapy there are improved dialysis machines for newborns and preterm infants. We have all witnessed emerging technologies, like bioengineering and artificial intelligence, that have begun to impact clinical practice.

This advancements collectively highlight the importance of integrating genetic tools, new kidney biomarkers, and innovative therapies to optimize treatment for children with kidney diseases. This Special Issue seeks contributions elucidating mechanistic insights, diagnostic innovations, and therapeutic advances in pediatric nephrology. Submissions of reviews and original research articles are invited, with particular emphasis on the interdisciplinary integration of molecular diagnostics, biomarker science, and precision therapeutics.

Dr. Agnieszka Rybi-Szumińska
Prof. Dr. Anna Maria Wasilewska
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • diagnosis
  • management
  • treatment
  • kidney disorders
  • chronic kidney disease
  • biomarkers
  • genetic testing
  • kidney
  • children
  • newborn

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 941 KiB  
Article
Total Kidney Volume, Hypertension, and Deterioration of Kidney Function in Children with Early-Stage ADPKD
by Agnieszka Turczyn, Grażyna Krzemień, Dominik Nguyen and Katarzyna Smyk
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(13), 4498; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14134498 - 25 Jun 2025
Viewed by 436
Abstract
Background: Several studies have shown that total kidney volume (TKV) measurements may serve as a non-invasive imaging biomarker for monitoring and predicting the progression of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) in children. Methods: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between [...] Read more.
Background: Several studies have shown that total kidney volume (TKV) measurements may serve as a non-invasive imaging biomarker for monitoring and predicting the progression of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) in children. Methods: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between height-adjusted TKV (htTKV), estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and blood pressure, assessed using 24 h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), in children with early-stage ADPKD. The study was conducted with 72 children, mean age 12.46 ± 3.76 (5.42–17.92). Results: Hypertension (HT) was diagnosed in (20) 28% of children. ABPM allowed the identification of previously undiagnosed HT in 12 (16.7%) children. Decreased GFR was demonstrated in 10 (14%) children, and hyperfiltration in 5 (7%) children. Significantly higher htTKV and calculated TKV z-score and more frequent decreases in GFR were observed in hypertensive children (p = 0.018; 0.020 and 0.010, respectively). The study demonstrated a significant inverse correlation between htTKV and GFR (r −0.25; p = 0.032). The TKV z-score showed a very good correlation with all ABPM parameters, except for DBP and DBP z-score during the day. Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis showed that htTKV and TKV z-score had good diagnostic value for predicting a decline in GFR (AUC 0.808, p < 0.001), but were not useful for predicting the onset of HT (AUC 0.697, p = 0.010). Conclusions: There is a relationship between TKV, GFR, and blood pressure parameters in children with early-stage ADPKD. The TKV z-score can be useful for predicting GFR decline. Children with ADPKD and increasing TKV require careful blood pressure monitoring. Full article
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