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Advances in Maxillofacial Surgery—Historical and Future Perspectives and Controversies
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Advances in Maxillofacial Surgery—Historical and Future Perspectives and Controversies

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Dentistry, Oral Surgery and Oral Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 May 2026 | Viewed by 1265

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Kamil Nelke

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
1. Maxillo-Facial Surgery Ward, EMC Hospital, Pilczycka 144, 54-144 Wrocław, Poland
2. Academy of Applied Sciences, Health Department, Academy of Silesius in Wałbrzych, Zamkowa 4, 58-300 Wałbrzych, Poland
Interests: head and neck; orthognathic surgery; oral oncology; parotid glands; neck anomalies; jaw cysts and tumors
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Maciej Dobrzyński

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Preclinical Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland
Interests: nanomaterials; titanium alloys; composites; nanohydroxyapatite applications; scaffolds; dental CAD/CAM materials; bone regeneration; dental bioengineering; biomaterial’s surface modification; lasers in medicine; environmental dentistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Michał Gontarz

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
1. Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
2. University Hospital, 2 Jakubowskiego Street, 30-688 Cracow, Poland
Interests: head and neck cancer; oral cancer; maxillofacial trauma; salivary gland tumors; salivary gland pathology; reconstructive surgery

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The progress of maxillofacial surgery is currently influencing many fields of head and neck surgery. New techniques, 3D planning, patient-specific solutions, and improvements in AI and robotic surgery are greatly helping surgeons in many surgical cases. It is worth remembering that some old methods and surgical approaches can also be used with a great success rate nowadays. Currently, many cases are treated individually based on each disease or condition's progress and current local and general patient status. Because of improved radiological imaging and diagnostics, and recent advances in virtual reality, it is important to see surgical aspects that, so far, have not been possible to estimate. In recent years, despite big improvements in new techniques and diagnostics, many surgical techniques, perspectives, and approaches have remained the same. For each active surgeon, it is quite important to remember both old techniques and perspectives, and to be able to use them in each patient's case. During recent years, we have still lacked descriptive methods for treating various diseases in conditions based on a few possible therapeutic and surgical perspectives that should be individually chosen in each case. Each surgeon can currently quite easily plan each surgical case in 3D radiological planning software with estimation of superficial and detailed anatomy of specific anatomical areas of the head, neck, and oral cavity. In this Special Issue, we welcome authors to submit papers on clinical papers on various head, neck, and jaw diseases in both old and new techniques and approaches, especially to underline how each treatment has changed over the years.

Dr. Kamil Nelke
Guest Editor

Dr. Maciej Dobrzyński
Dr. Michał Gontarz
Co-Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • oral oncology
  • facial skeleton
  • oral cavity
  • surgical approaches
  • head and neck
  • parotid tumors
  • jaw cysts and tumors
  • bone healing
  • patient-specific solutions
  • surgery planning
  • artificial intelligence
  • soft tissues
  • cancers and tumors of the oral cavity
  • microsurgery perspectives
  • open surgery
  • endoscopic surgery
  • trauma surgery
  • facial traumatology
  • bone and soft tissues healing after trauma
  • jaw deformities
  • orthognathic surgery today and tomorrow

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 769 KB  
Article
Pediatric Maxillofacial Fractures: Patterns of Injury, Surgical Indications, and Treatment Outcomes: A Five-Year Retrospective Study
by Krzysztof Gąsiorowski, Weronika Michalik, Jakub Bargiel, Tomasz Marecik, Julia Miaśkiewicz, Miłosz Saryusz-Romiszewski, Grażyna Wyszyńska-Pawelec and Michał Gontarz
J. Clin. Med. 2026, 15(1), 19; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15010019 - 19 Dec 2025
Abstract
Background: Pediatric craniofacial fractures represent a distinct clinical entity characterized by unique anatomical and developmental factors that differentiate them from adult facial trauma. Despite their relative rarity, these injuries pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to the presence of active growth centers and [...] Read more.
Background: Pediatric craniofacial fractures represent a distinct clinical entity characterized by unique anatomical and developmental factors that differentiate them from adult facial trauma. Despite their relative rarity, these injuries pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to the presence of active growth centers and the potential for long-term functional and esthetic sequelae. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted among pediatric patients aged 0–17 years treated for craniofacial fractures between 2020 and 2024 at the Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital in Kraków, Poland. Demographic data, injury mechanisms, fracture distribution, treatment modality, and associated injuries were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression was applied to identify predictors of surgical intervention. Results: Ninety-eight patients met the inclusion criteria. The mean age was 12 years, with a male predominance. Midfacial fractures were most common, with orbital floor fractures representing the single most frequent injury. Surgical management was performed in 72 cases, predominantly using the transconjunctival approach and autologous bone grafting. Orbital floor fractures were identified as the only independent predictor of operative treatment (p < 0.05). Central nervous system trauma was the most frequent concomitant injury. No significant changes in etiology or fracture distribution were observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions: Pediatric craniofacial trauma follows a reproducible, age- and mechanism-dependent pattern. Effective management requires individualized, growth-preserving, and function-oriented treatment strategies. Standardization of care protocols and multicenter prospective studies are essential to optimize outcomes and develop evidence-based, age-specific guidelines for the management and prevention of pediatric facial fractures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Maxillofacial Surgery—Historical and Future Perspectives and Controversies)
24 pages, 1757 KB  
Article
Parotid Gland Tumors: An Institutional 8-Year Retrospective Study Spanning the COVID-19 Pandemic and Global Diagnostic Trends
by Eduard Gidea-Paraschivescu, Ruxandra Elena Luca, Cristian Adrian Ratiu and Ciprian Ioan Roi
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(20), 7382; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14207382 - 19 Oct 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 918
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Despite the relative rarity of salivary gland tumours (SGT), they are a complex and challenging pathology. This is primarily due to the complexity of surgical treatment, the difficulty of diagnosis, and the sometimes ambiguous prognosis. Methods: This retrospective study examined parotid [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Despite the relative rarity of salivary gland tumours (SGT), they are a complex and challenging pathology. This is primarily due to the complexity of surgical treatment, the difficulty of diagnosis, and the sometimes ambiguous prognosis. Methods: This retrospective study examined parotid gland tumors in patients admitted for diagnosis and treatment at the Municipal Hospital of Timisoara–Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic, Romania, from 2016 to 2023, with the objective of verifying the hypothesis regarding the increasing incidence of benign tumors in the major salivary glands, particularly the parotid gland. Results: A total of 207 consecutive parotid nodular lesion cases were analysed, with 186 having a histopathological analysis. The findings encompass demographic patterns, temporal dynamics, histopathological profiles, malignancy characteristics, and statistical associations. The cohort was evenly distributed by sex (102 females, 105 males) with a median age of 58 years (IQR: 46–69). The largest age group was ≥60 years (n = 99; 47.8%), followed by 40–59 years (n = 76; 36.7%) and <40 years (n = 32; 15.5%). No significant sex difference in age distribution was observed. Annual case volumes showed a high plateau between 2017–2019 (40–41 cases/year), then fell sharply during the pandemic (2020–2022), reaching a nadir in 2021 (11 cases). A partial rebound occurred in 2023 (21 cases). The relative proportion of malignant diagnoses remained stable between pre-pandemic (20.0%) and pandemic/post-pandemic (8.9%) intervals, consistent with prioritization of oncologic surgeries during service restrictions. Benign tumors predominated (n = 126; 60.9%), led by pleomorphic adenoma (n = 64; 50.8% of benign) and Warthin tumor (n = 59; 46.8% of benign). Malignant tumors accounted for 31 cases (15.0%), most commonly squamous cell carcinoma (n = 6), mucoepidermoid carcinoma (n = 6), and adenocarcinoma of salivary origin (n = 5). Mann–Whitney U tests confirmed no significant differences in median age between malignant and benign cases, or between pre-pandemic and pandemic/post-pandemic intervals. Odds ratios suggested clinically relevant but non-significant increases in malignancy risk for males (OR ≈ 2.1) and for patients ≥60 years (OR ≈ 1.2). Linear regression of annual case counts revealed a downward slope of –3.5 cases/year (p ≈ 0.074), driven by the sharp pandemic-era decline. Conclusions: This study illustrates that, despite a significant decrease in surgical case volume during the COVID-19 pandemic, the relative distribution of parotid tumor pathology remained stable. Malignant lesions mostly occurred in older patients and males, with no statistically significant differences seen among demographic or clinical subgroups. The preservation of consistent malignancy detection rates, despite limited surgical capacity, underscores the efficacy of oncologic prioritization under healthcare disruptions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Maxillofacial Surgery—Historical and Future Perspectives and Controversies)
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