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Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: New Insights into Complications and Treatment

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Cardiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 July 2026 | Viewed by 418

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Cardiology Unit, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine (DIM), University of Bari Aldo Moro, University Hospital Consortium, Polyclinic of Bari, Bari, Italy
Interests: cardiomyopathy; cardiac amyloidosis; Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR); advanced echocardiography; heart failure; hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; bicuspid aortic valve; multimodality imaging

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Guest Editor
Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
Interests: heart failure; cardiac tumor; hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; cardiovascular toxicity; echocardiography

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy represents the most common inherited cardiac disease and remains a leading cause of sudden cardiac death and heart failure in young and adult populations. Despite remarkable advances in genetic characterization and imaging-based phenotyping, this pathology is a heterogeneous condition with complex clinical trajectories. This Special Issue, “Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: New Insights Into Complications and Treatment,” focuses on the evolving landscape of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy management, from arrhythmic and heart failure complications to novel therapeutic strategies. Contributions will explore mechanisms and predictors of adverse remodeling, the role of advanced multimodality imaging—including cardiac magnetic resonance and strain analysis—and the impact of emerging pharmacologic agents such as myosin inhibitors. Special attention will be devoted to personalized approaches integrating genetics, imaging biomarkers, and artificial intelligence for improved risk stratification and patient selection. By gathering original articles and reviews, this Special Issue aims to provide an updated and comprehensive overview of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy pathophysiology, complications, and modern treatment paradigms, fostering translational insight and multidisciplinary discussion in this rapidly evolving field.

Dr. Ilaria Dentamaro
Dr. Ciro Santoro
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
  • complications
  • risk stratification
  • multimodality imaging
  • myosin inhibitors
  • precision medicine

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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12 pages, 5973 KB  
Case Report
Combined Fixed and Dynamic Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Due to a Coexisting Subaortic Membrane: A Case Report
by Katherine Zambrano-Cevallos, Silvia Zurita-Fuentes, Liliana Cardenas, Luis Miguel Guerrero, Alejandra García, Juan Jaramillo-Merino, Sofía Gavilánez-Zambrano, Marlon Rojas-Cadena and Juan S. Izquierdo-Condoy
J. Clin. Med. 2026, 15(8), 3115; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15083115 - 19 Apr 2026
Viewed by 255
Abstract
Introduction: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a common myocardial disease worldwide and is associated with heart failure symptoms and sudden cardiac death. In a subset of patients, it may produce dynamic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) and systolic anterior motion (SAM)-related mitral valve [...] Read more.
Introduction: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a common myocardial disease worldwide and is associated with heart failure symptoms and sudden cardiac death. In a subset of patients, it may produce dynamic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) and systolic anterior motion (SAM)-related mitral valve dysfunction through drag forces and altered mitral–septal geometry. In contrast, subaortic stenosis caused by a subaortic membrane is an uncommon congenital lesion that may lead to fixed subvalvular LVOTO in adulthood. The coexistence of these entities is rare and can substantially complicate diagnosis and management. Case presentation: A 51-year-old woman with HCM, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, and heart failure presented with acute decompensation and cardiogenic shock. After initial hemodynamic stabilization and cardioversion for atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response, multimodality imaging with transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography, coronary computed tomography angiography, and cardiac magnetic resonance demonstrated dual LVOTO, with a dynamic component related to HCM/SAM physiology and a fixed component caused by an elongated subaortic membrane, accompanied by severe SAM-related mitral regurgitation. Echocardiography showed a resting peak LVOT gradient of 49 mmHg, increasing to 85 mmHg with the Valsalva maneuver. After exclusion of obstructive coronary artery disease and evaluation for selected phenocopies, the patient underwent septal myectomy, subaortic membrane resection, and adjunctive mitral valve plication. Early postoperative echocardiography showed reduction in the maximum provoked LVOT gradient to 38 mmHg and improvement of mitral regurgitation from severe to mild. At 3-month follow-up, she remained in sinus rhythm, improved to New York Heart Association functional class II, and had no documented readmissions for heart failure. Conclusions: Combined fixed and dynamic LVOTO due to concomitant subaortic membrane and HCM is exceedingly rare. Accurate diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion and a multimodality imaging strategy to define the obstructive mechanisms and support mechanism-based surgical management and avoid incomplete treatment when a coexisting fixed lesion is present. Full article
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