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Recent Advances in Adverse Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcomes

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Obstetrics & Gynecology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 November 2025 | Viewed by 503

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Incheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 21431, Republic of Korea
Interests: pregnancy; preterm; placenta; fetal growth

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes remain significant challenges in obstetric and neonatal care, with profound implications for maternal and neonatal health. Recent advances in research, diagnostics, and interventions have contributed to mitigating risks and improving outcomes for both mothers and infants. Conditions such as preterm birth, low birth weight (LBW), and fetal distress remain significant concerns, though improvements in maternal-fetal medicine have reduced their prevalence in some populations. Cesarean sections (CS), while life-saving, are associated with increased risks of uterine rupture, abnormal placentation, and neonatal complications like asthma and altered gut microbiome diversity. Multiple CS procedures further elevate risks of uterine dehiscence and surgical complications.

Innovations in fetal medicine, such as intrauterine surgeries for congenital conditions like spina bifida, have improved neonatal survival rates. Robotic-assisted surgeries and AI-based diagnostics are enhancing precision and early detection of complications like gestational diabetes. Despite these advancements, challenges persist in low-resource settings where maternal mortality from obstructed labor and hemorrhage remains high.

Efforts to optimize CS use and strengthen antenatal care are crucial for mitigating adverse outcomes. The integration of advanced technologies into maternal-fetal medicine offers promising pathways to improve health outcomes for mothers and newborns globally.

Dr. Sae-kyung Choi
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • maternal and fetal
  • adverse pregnancy
  • neonatal outcomes
  • newborns
  • cesarean section

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

8 pages, 232 KB  
Article
Inflamed Pathways to Motherhood: Evaluating Obstetric and Neonatal Outcomes in Rheumatic Pregnancies
by Batuhan Turgay, Uğurcan Zorlu, Bulut Varlı, Gülşah Aynaoğlu Yıldız, Şahin Kaan Baydemir, Cem Somer Atabekoğlu and Tahsin Murat Turgay
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(16), 5692; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14165692 - 12 Aug 2025
Viewed by 368
Abstract
Objective: This study aims to evaluate obstetric and neonatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by RDs and to identify hemogram-derived biomarkers associated with adverse perinatal events. Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed 360 pregnancies in individuals diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus [...] Read more.
Objective: This study aims to evaluate obstetric and neonatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by RDs and to identify hemogram-derived biomarkers associated with adverse perinatal events. Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed 360 pregnancies in individuals diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SSc), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), Sjögren’s disease, sarcoidosis, undifferentiated connective tissue disease (UCTD), and other autoimmune conditions, followed up at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, between 2013 and 2018. Data on disease activity, maternal complications, neonatal outcomes, and inflammatory markers were extracted from electronic medical records. Results: Patients with SSc had the highest rates of preterm birth (57.1%) and fetal growth restriction (FGR) (42.9%), whereas those with SLE (50%) and AS (25%) exhibited the highest disease flare rates. Neonates born to mothers with SSc, SLE, and Sjögren’s disease had significantly lower Apgar scores, suggesting increased neonatal distress. NICU admission was associated with elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and eosinophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (ELR), with higher NLR and ELR also predicting spontaneous abortion. Monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) and ELR demonstrated the highest predictive value for composite adverse perinatal outcomes. Additionally, RA patients experiencing disease flares had an 87.5% cesarean section (CS) rate, significantly exceeding the general population rate. Conclusions: This study underscores the increased risk of preterm birth, FGR, and neonatal complications in RD pregnancies, particularly in SSc and SLE patients. The findings suggest that early risk assessment using hemogram-based inflammatory markers may improve perinatal management and patient stratification. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Adverse Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcomes)
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