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The Complex Interplay Between Physical Activity, Sleep, Diet, and Obesity: Clinical Insights for Treatment and Prevention

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Rehabilitation".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 August 2025 | Viewed by 1013

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Justyna Wyszyńska

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszów University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
Interests: accelerometry; body composition; hypertension; obesity; physical activity; risk factors; sleep
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Piotr Matłosz

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Physical Culture Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
Interests: health; anthropometry; obesity; physical activity; accelerometry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Special Issue "The Complex Interplay Between Physical Activity, Sleep, Diet, and Obesity: Clinical Insights for Treatment and Prevention" will address the complex interplay between lifestyle factors and obesity, a leading global health concern. With obesity rates continuing to rise, understanding how physical activity, sleep, and dietary habits influence its prevalence and progression is critical in developing effective prevention and treatment strategies. This Special Issue will explore innovative clinical insights and evidence-based approaches to combatting obesity by examining its multifactorial nature.

The scope includes original research articles, reviews, and clinical studies that delve into the role of physical activity in weight management, the impact of sleep patterns and sleep quality on metabolic health, and dietary interventions tailored to reduce obesity risk. Additionally, we encourage studies on how these factors interact and their combined effect on long-term health outcomes.

Our goal is to encourage researchers, clinicians, and policymakers to adopt holistic, integrated strategies that address these interconnected dimensions. By showcasing cutting-edge research, this Special Issue will bridge gaps in knowledge and inspire actionable solutions to improve global health and reduce the burden of obesity.

Dr. Justyna Wyszyńska
Dr. Piotr Matłosz
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • body mass
  • body composition
  • nutrition
  • sleep patterns
  • weight management
  • lifestyle interventions
  • sedentary behavior
  • adiposity
  • obesity prevention
  • dietary habits

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 1885 KiB  
Article
Impact of Lifestyle Changes on Body Weight Gain During Nationwide Lockdown Due to COVID-19 Pandemic
by Chisa Nishida, Hiroyuki Honda, Yuki Otsuka, Hideharu Hagiya, Yasuhiro Nakano, Kohei Oguni, Kazuki Tokumasu, Yasue Sakurada, Mikako Obika and Fumio Otsuka
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(7), 2242; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14072242 - 25 Mar 2025
Viewed by 418
Abstract
Background: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, people in Japan were urged to stay at home as much as possible, and this resulted in significant changes in lifestyle behavior. The new lifestyle included factors affecting both energy intake and energy consumption, and [...] Read more.
Background: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, people in Japan were urged to stay at home as much as possible, and this resulted in significant changes in lifestyle behavior. The new lifestyle included factors affecting both energy intake and energy consumption, and it is now thought that weight gain during the lockdown was the result of complex effects. The aim of this study was to determine the relationships among lifestyle habits, laboratory data, and body weight gain during the lockdown using medical check-up data. Methods: A total of 3789 individuals who had undergone consecutive medical check-ups during the period from 2018 to 2020 were included in this study. Participants whose body weight had increased by 5% or more were divided into two groups: a before-lockdown group (participants who had gained weight between 2018 and 2019) and an after-lockdown group (participants who had gained weight between 2019 and 2020). Physical measurements, laboratory data, and answers to six questions about lifestyle habits, for which information was obtained from the records from medical check-ups, were compared in the two groups. Results: There was no significant difference between the distribution of weight changes in 2018–2019 before the lockdown and the distribution of weight changes in 2019–2020 after the lockdown. The before-lockdown and after-lockdown groups both included about 7% of the total participants (279 and 273 participants, respectively). Diastolic blood pressure and levels of AST, ALT, and LDL-C were significantly higher in the after-lockdown group than in the before-lockdown group. The percentages of participants with alcohol consumption and exercise habits were significantly higher in the after-lockdown group than in the before-lockdown group, and an analysis by gender showed that the differences were significant for women but not for men. Conclusions: The distributions of weight changes before and during the COVID-19 pandemic were similar. Exercise habits and alcohol consumption might have been unique factors causing weight gain during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in women. Our findings suggest that the impact of behavioral restrictions and lifestyle changes during a pandemic may be different in men and women. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Complex Interplay Between Physical Activity, Sleep, Diet, and Obesity: Clinical Insights for Treatment and Prevention)
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11 pages, 232 KiB  
Article
Relationship Between Plasma Leptin Levels and Airflow Limitation in the Small and Medium Airways in Young Adults
by Rodrigo Muñoz-Cofré, Edgardo Rojas-Mancilla, Pablo A. Lizana, Máximo Escobar-Cabello, Claudio García-Herrera, Daniel Conei, Fernando Valenzuela-Aedo, Francisco Javier Soto-Rodríguez and Mariano del Sol
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(5), 1624; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14051624 - 27 Feb 2025
Viewed by 391
Abstract
Background/Objectives: To determine the relationship between plasma leptin levels and airflow limitation (AFL) in the small and medium airways of young adults according to their body composition (BC). Methods: To determine AFL, the following measurements were taken: forced expiratory volume in [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: To determine the relationship between plasma leptin levels and airflow limitation (AFL) in the small and medium airways of young adults according to their body composition (BC). Methods: To determine AFL, the following measurements were taken: forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), forced expiratory flow between 25–75% (FEF25–75%), airway resistance (Raw), and specific airway resistance (sRaw). The measured BC variables were body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (%BF), trunk fat percentage (TF%), and fat-free mass (FFM). Plasma leptin was measured using the ELISA technique. Results: In total, 83 participants (40 male and 43 female) aged 21.55 ± 2.08 years were evaluated. Leptin was significantly higher in women than men (p < 0.01). When relating leptin to lung function variables, FEV1 and FEF25–75% showed a significant inverse relationship (p < 0.01), and Raw and sRaw showed a direct and significant relationship (p < 0.01). Female participants with a BF% and leptin higher than their p75 were observed to have a higher risk of increased sRaw (OR = 1.0; OR = 1.15, respectively), regardless of age, and participants with an FFM% higher than their p75 had a lower risk of increased sRaw (OR = 0.71), regardless of gender and age. Conclusions: There is an inverse relationship between FEV1, FEF25–75%, and a direct relationship between Raw and sRaw with leptin. For female participants with a higher BF%, higher FFM%, and leptin, the risk of developing Raw and sRaw was found to be modified. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Complex Interplay Between Physical Activity, Sleep, Diet, and Obesity: Clinical Insights for Treatment and Prevention)
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