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Mitochondria Crosstalks with other Organelles in Pathophysiology

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2017) | Viewed by 77719

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium

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Guest Editor
Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium

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Guest Editor
Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

For a long time, and despite studies using electron microscopy that allowed the visualisation of physical contacts between organelles, especially between mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane, many subcellular compartments have been studied as isolated and independent cellular compartments. These days, accompanied by the development of new technologies and super resolution imagery, it is now obvious that physical interactions do exist between many organelles that allow and control many biological processes in eukaryotic cells, such as lipid transfer, calcium transfer, vesicular trafficking, metabolism, cell signalling, cell death, or cell survival. This Special Issue will center on reviews and primary data manuscripts that focus on defining (1) Mitochondria and physical and functional interactions with other organelles; (2) Role of mitochondria and organelle crosstalk in membrane lipid transport and dynamics; (3) Organelle crosstalks with mitochondria and cell signalling; (4) Organelles involved in the regulation of mitochondria biogenesis, degradation and homeostasis; (5) Control of calcium homeostasis by mitochondria and other organelles; (6) Organelle interactions in mitochondria mobility, shape and dynamics; and (7) Abnormalities in mitochondria interactions with other organelles and physiopathological consequences in metabolism and cancers.

Prof. Dr. Patricia Renard
Prof. Dr. Michel Jadot
Prof. Dr. Thierry Arnould
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • mito-organelle crosstalks
  • physical interactions
  • membrane lipid transport
  • cell signalling
  • mitochondria biogenesis
  • calcium homeostasis
  • mitochondria mobility

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Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

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4901 KiB  
Article
Intramitochondrial Ascorbic Acid Enhances the Formation of Mitochondrial Superoxide Induced by Peroxynitrite via a Ca2+-Independent Mechanism
by Andrea Guidarelli, Liana Cerioni, Mara Fiorani and Orazio Cantoni
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2017, 18(8), 1686; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18081686 - 2 Aug 2017
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 5307
Abstract
Exposure of U937 cells to peroxynitrite promotes mitochondrial superoxide formation via a mechanism dependent on both inhibition of complex III and increased mitochondrial Ca2+ accumulation. Otherwise inactive concentrations of the oxidant produced the same maximal effects in the presence of either complex [...] Read more.
Exposure of U937 cells to peroxynitrite promotes mitochondrial superoxide formation via a mechanism dependent on both inhibition of complex III and increased mitochondrial Ca2+ accumulation. Otherwise inactive concentrations of the oxidant produced the same maximal effects in the presence of either complex III inhibitors or agents mobilizing Ca2+ from the ryanodine receptor and enforcing its mitochondrial accumulation. l-Ascorbic acid (AA) produced similar enhancing effects in terms of superoxide formation, DNA strand scission and cytotoxicity. However, AA failed to enhance the intra-mitochondrial concentration of Ca2+ and the effects observed in cells supplemented with peroxinitrite, while insensitive to manipulations preventing the mobilization of Ca2+, or the mitochondrial accumulation of the cation, were also detected in human monocytes and macrophages, which do not express the ryanodine receptor. In all these cell types, mitochondrial permeability transition-dependent toxicity was detected in cells exposed to AA/peroxynitrite and, based on the above criteria, these responses also appeared Ca2+-independent. The enhancing effects of AA are therefore similar to those mediated by bona fide complex III inhibitors, although the vitamin failed to directly inhibit complex III, and in fact enhanced its sensitivity to the inhibitory effects of peroxynitrite. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mitochondria Crosstalks with other Organelles in Pathophysiology)
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911 KiB  
Article
Impaired Insulin Signaling is Associated with Hepatic Mitochondrial Dysfunction in IR+/−-IRS-1+/− Double Heterozygous (IR-IRS1dh) Mice
by Andras Franko, Alexander Kunze, Marlen Böse, Jürgen-Christoph Von Kleist-Retzow, Mats Paulsson, Ursula Hartmann and Rudolf J. Wiesner
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2017, 18(6), 1156; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18061156 - 30 May 2017
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 5032
Abstract
Mitochondria play a pivotal role in energy metabolism, but whether insulin signaling per se could regulate mitochondrial function has not been identified yet. To investigate whether mitochondrial function is regulated by insulin signaling, we analyzed muscle and liver of insulin receptor (IR)+/− [...] Read more.
Mitochondria play a pivotal role in energy metabolism, but whether insulin signaling per se could regulate mitochondrial function has not been identified yet. To investigate whether mitochondrial function is regulated by insulin signaling, we analyzed muscle and liver of insulin receptor (IR)+/−-insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1)+/− double heterozygous (IR-IRS1dh) mice, a well described model for insulin resistance. IR-IRS1dh mice were studied at the age of 6 and 12 months and glucose metabolism was determined by glucose and insulin tolerance tests. Mitochondrial enzyme activities, oxygen consumption, and membrane potential were assessed using spectrophotometric, respirometric, and proton motive force analysis, respectively. IR-IRS1dh mice showed elevated serum insulin levels. Hepatic mitochondrial oxygen consumption was reduced in IR-IRS1dh animals at 12 months of age. Furthermore, 6-month-old IR-IRS1dh mice demonstrated enhanced mitochondrial respiration in skeletal muscle, but a tendency of impaired glucose tolerance. On the other hand, 12-month-old IR-IRS1dh mice showed improved glucose tolerance, but normal muscle mitochondrial function. Our data revealed that deficiency in IR/IRS-1 resulted in normal or even elevated skeletal muscle, but impaired hepatic mitochondrial function, suggesting a direct cross-talk between insulin signaling and mitochondria in the liver. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mitochondria Crosstalks with other Organelles in Pathophysiology)
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3383 KiB  
Article
Abnormal Mitochondrial cAMP/PKA Signaling Is Involved in Sepsis-Induced Mitochondrial and Myocardial Dysfunction
by Remi Neviere, Florian Delguste, Arthur Durand, Jocelyn Inamo, Eric Boulanger and Sebastien Preau
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2016, 17(12), 2075; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17122075 - 10 Dec 2016
Cited by 32 | Viewed by 6757
Abstract
Adrenergic receptors couple to Gs-proteins leading to transmembrane adenylyl cyclase activation and cytosolic cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production. Cyclic AMP is also produced in the mitochondrial matrix, where it regulates respiration through protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent phosphorylation of respiratory chain complexes. We hypothesized [...] Read more.
Adrenergic receptors couple to Gs-proteins leading to transmembrane adenylyl cyclase activation and cytosolic cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production. Cyclic AMP is also produced in the mitochondrial matrix, where it regulates respiration through protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent phosphorylation of respiratory chain complexes. We hypothesized that a blunted mitochondrial cAMP-PKA pathway would participate in sepsis-induced heart dysfunction. Adult male mice were subjected to intra-abdominal sepsis. Mitochondrial respiration of cardiac fibers and myocardial contractile performance were evaluated in response to 8Br-cAMP, PKA inhibition (H89), soluble adenylyl cyclase inhibition (KH7), and phosphodiesterase inhibition (IBMX; BAY60-7550). Adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-stimulated respiratory rates of cardiac fibers were reduced in septic mice. Compared with controls, stimulatory effects of 8Br-cAMP on respiration rates were enhanced in septic fibers, whereas inhibitory effects of H89 were reduced. Ser-58 phosphorylation of cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV-1 was reduced in septic hearts. In vitro, incubation of septic cardiac fibers with BAY60-7550 increased respiratory control ratio and improved cardiac MVO2 efficiency in isolated septic heart. In vivo, BAY60-7550 pre-treatment of septic mice have limited impact on myocardial function. Mitochondrial cAMP-PKA signaling is impaired in the septic myocardium. PDE2 phosphodiesterase inhibition by BAY60-7550 improves mitochondrial respiration and cardiac MVO2 efficiency in septic mice. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mitochondria Crosstalks with other Organelles in Pathophysiology)
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Review

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1706 KiB  
Review
Regulation of Mitochondrial Structure and Dynamics by the Cytoskeleton and Mechanical Factors
by Erzsébet Bartolák-Suki, Jasmin Imsirovic, Yuichiro Nishibori, Ramaswamy Krishnan and Béla Suki
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2017, 18(8), 1812; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18081812 - 21 Aug 2017
Cited by 120 | Viewed by 15238
Abstract
Mitochondria supply cells with energy in the form of ATP, guide apoptosis, and contribute to calcium buffering and reactive oxygen species production. To support these diverse functions, mitochondria form an extensive network with smaller clusters that are able to move along microtubules aided [...] Read more.
Mitochondria supply cells with energy in the form of ATP, guide apoptosis, and contribute to calcium buffering and reactive oxygen species production. To support these diverse functions, mitochondria form an extensive network with smaller clusters that are able to move along microtubules aided by motor proteins. Mitochondria are also associated with the actin network, which is involved in cellular responses to various mechanical factors. In this review, we discuss mitochondrial structure and function in relation to the cytoskeleton and various mechanical factors influencing cell functions. We first summarize the morphological features of mitochondria with an emphasis on fission and fusion as well as how network properties govern function. We then review the relationship between the mitochondria and the cytoskeletal structures, including mechanical interactions. We also discuss how stretch and its dynamic pattern affect mitochondrial structure and function. Finally, we present preliminary data on how extracellular matrix stiffness influences mitochondrial morphology and ATP generation. We conclude by discussing the more general role that mitochondria may play in mechanobiology and how the mechanosensitivity of mitochondria may contribute to the development of several diseases and aging. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mitochondria Crosstalks with other Organelles in Pathophysiology)
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3198 KiB  
Review
Interaction of Mitochondria with the Endoplasmic Reticulum and Plasma Membrane in Calcium Homeostasis, Lipid Trafficking and Mitochondrial Structure
by Jędrzej Szymański, Justyna Janikiewicz, Bernadeta Michalska, Paulina Patalas-Krawczyk, Mariasole Perrone, Wiesław Ziółkowski, Jerzy Duszyński, Paolo Pinton, Agnieszka Dobrzyń and Mariusz R. Więckowski
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2017, 18(7), 1576; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18071576 - 20 Jul 2017
Cited by 170 | Viewed by 18422
Abstract
Studying organelles in isolation has been proven to be indispensable for deciphering the underlying mechanisms of molecular cell biology. However, observing organelles in intact cells with the use of microscopic techniques reveals a new set of different junctions and contact sites between them [...] Read more.
Studying organelles in isolation has been proven to be indispensable for deciphering the underlying mechanisms of molecular cell biology. However, observing organelles in intact cells with the use of microscopic techniques reveals a new set of different junctions and contact sites between them that contribute to the control and regulation of various cellular processes, such as calcium and lipid exchange or structural reorganization of the mitochondrial network. In recent years, many studies focused their attention on the structure and function of contacts between mitochondria and other organelles. From these studies, findings emerged showing that these contacts are involved in various processes, such as lipid synthesis and trafficking, modulation of mitochondrial morphology, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, apoptosis, autophagy, inflammation and Ca 2 + handling. In this review, we focused on the physical interactions of mitochondria with the endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane and summarized present knowledge regarding the role of mitochondria-associated membranes in calcium homeostasis and lipid metabolism. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mitochondria Crosstalks with other Organelles in Pathophysiology)
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4706 KiB  
Review
Altered Mitochondrial Metabolism and Mechanosensation in the Failing Heart: Focus on Intracellular Calcium Signaling
by Aderville Cabassi and Michele Miragoli
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2017, 18(7), 1487; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18071487 - 10 Jul 2017
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 5786
Abstract
The heart consists of millions of cells, namely cardiomyocytes, which are highly organized in terms of structure and function, at both macroscale and microscale levels. Such meticulous organization is imperative for assuring the physiological pump-function of the heart. One of the key players [...] Read more.
The heart consists of millions of cells, namely cardiomyocytes, which are highly organized in terms of structure and function, at both macroscale and microscale levels. Such meticulous organization is imperative for assuring the physiological pump-function of the heart. One of the key players for the electrical and mechanical synchronization and contraction is the calcium ion via the well-known calcium-induced calcium release process. In cardiovascular diseases, the structural organization is lost, resulting in morphological, electrical, and metabolic remodeling owing the imbalance of the calcium handling and promoting heart failure and arrhythmias. Recently, attention has been focused on the role of mitochondria, which seem to jeopardize these events by misbalancing the calcium processes. In this review, we highlight our recent findings, especially the role of mitochondria (dys)function in failing cardiomyocytes with respect to the calcium machinery. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mitochondria Crosstalks with other Organelles in Pathophysiology)
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1150 KiB  
Review
The Peroxisome-Mitochondria Connection: How and Why?
by Marc Fransen, Celien Lismont and Paul Walton
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2017, 18(6), 1126; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18061126 - 24 May 2017
Cited by 222 | Viewed by 20234
Abstract
Over the past decades, peroxisomes have emerged as key regulators in overall cellular lipid and reactive oxygen species metabolism. In mammals, these organelles have also been recognized as important hubs in redox-, lipid-, inflammatory-, and innate immune-signaling networks. To exert these activities, peroxisomes [...] Read more.
Over the past decades, peroxisomes have emerged as key regulators in overall cellular lipid and reactive oxygen species metabolism. In mammals, these organelles have also been recognized as important hubs in redox-, lipid-, inflammatory-, and innate immune-signaling networks. To exert these activities, peroxisomes must interact both functionally and physically with other cell organelles. This review provides a comprehensive look of what is currently known about the interconnectivity between peroxisomes and mitochondria within mammalian cells. We first outline how peroxisomal and mitochondrial abundance are controlled by common sets of cis- and trans-acting factors. Next, we discuss how peroxisomes and mitochondria may communicate with each other at the molecular level. In addition, we reflect on how these organelles cooperate in various metabolic and signaling pathways. Finally, we address why peroxisomes and mitochondria have to maintain a healthy relationship and why defects in one organelle may cause dysfunction in the other. Gaining a better insight into these issues is pivotal to understanding how these organelles function in their environment, both in health and disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mitochondria Crosstalks with other Organelles in Pathophysiology)
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