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Melanoma: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapy

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2024 | Viewed by 473

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Guest Editor
Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
Interests: human malignant melanoma; metastatic progression; genomic alterations; gene expression alterations; chromosome copy number alterations; array CGH; FISH
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer, with a very high capacity to metastasize to different organs. The five-year survival rate of patients with early-stage melanoma is over 98%; however, if the primary tumor has spread to distant organs, the survival rate drops to 17%. After introducing several new therapeutic strategies, the prognosis of late-state and metastatic melanomas has improved significantly during the last 10 years. Unfortunately, successful treatment of melanoma patients with distant metastases is still a major therapeutic challenge. The molecular mechanisms that underline the metastatic process into distant organs are only partially understood. After the initial success of either target (e.g., BRAF/MEK inhibitors) or immunotherapies, drug resistance develops in the majority of patients due to various heterogeneous distributions of the molecular alterations. It is imperative to further detail the molecular mechanisms underlying the progression of the disease and the molecular background of the development of drug resistance.

Prof. Dr. Balázs Margit
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • melanoma progression
  • melanoma metastasis molecular background
  • targeted therapy
  • immunotherapy
  • acquired drug resistance
  • prognostic and predictive markers
  • therapeutic targets

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 2334 KiB  
Article
Identification of Plasma Lipid Alterations Associated with Melanoma Metastasis
by István Szász, Viktória Koroknai, Tünde Várvölgyi, László Pál, Sándor Szűcs, Péter Pikó, Gabriella Emri, Eszter Janka, Imre Lőrinc Szabó, Róza Ádány and Margit Balázs
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(8), 4251; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25084251 - 11 Apr 2024
Viewed by 363
Abstract
The aim of this study was to apply a state-of-the-art quantitative lipidomic profiling platform to uncover lipid alterations predictive of melanoma progression. Our study included 151 melanoma patients; of these, 83 were without metastasis and 68 with metastases. Plasma samples were analyzed using [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was to apply a state-of-the-art quantitative lipidomic profiling platform to uncover lipid alterations predictive of melanoma progression. Our study included 151 melanoma patients; of these, 83 were without metastasis and 68 with metastases. Plasma samples were analyzed using a targeted Lipidyzer™ platform, covering 13 lipid classes and over 1100 lipid species. Following quality control filters, 802 lipid species were included in the subsequent analyses. Total plasma lipid contents were significantly reduced in patients with metastasis. Specifically, levels of two out of the thirteen lipid classes (free fatty acids (FFAs) and lactosylceramides (LCERs)) were significantly decreased in patients with metastasis. Three lipids (CE(12:0), FFA(24:1), and TAG47:2-FA16:1) were identified as more effective predictors of melanoma metastasis than the well-known markers LDH and S100B. Furthermore, the predictive value substantially improved upon combining the lipid markers. We observed an increase in the cumulative levels of five lysophosphatidylcholines (LPC(16:0); LPC(18:0); LPC(18:1); LPC(18:2); LPC(20:4)), each individually associated with an elevated risk of lymph node metastasis but not cutaneous or distant metastasis. Additionally, seventeen lipid molecules were linked to patient survival, four of which (CE(12:0), CE(14:0), CE(15:0), SM(14:0)) overlapped with the lipid panel predicting metastasis. This study represents the first comprehensive investigation of the plasma lipidome of melanoma patients to date. Our findings suggest that plasma lipid profiles may serve as important biomarkers for predicting clinical outcomes of melanoma patients, including the presence of metastasis, and may also serve as indicators of patient survival. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Melanoma: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapy)
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