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Yield, Plasticity and Ultimate Properties of Solid Polymers

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Macromolecules".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2021) | Viewed by 5587

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Laboratoire MATEIS, UMR 5510 INSA/UCB/CNRS, INSA Lyon, 20 Avenue Albert Einstein, F-69621 Villeurbanne CEDEX, France
Interests: mechanical properties of polymers close to and below Tg; diffusion in polymers close to Tg; damage mechanisms in polymers, ductile-fragile transition; rheology of polymers; glass transition mechanisms in non-polar and polar polymers

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The mechanical properties of solid polymers have been known for many years. Over the past twenty years, in this domain, there has been tremendous progress in fundamental polymer physics. This progress has been made possible by the development of new experiments regarding the dynamics of polymers in confinement, dynamics of fluorescent probes, in situ dielectric, or NMR spectroscopy. Studies of the ultimate properties and the corresponding microscopic mechanisms have benefited from progress in electron microscopy, ultra-small-angle scattering techniques, and in acoustic detection for studying, e.g., cavitation event statistics. New techniques that combine atomic force microscopy and dielectric or Raman spectroscopy are being developed to probe polymer properties on a local scale. Theoretical developments have led to new mesoscopic models that can describe the plastic properties of glassy polymers in a quantitative way and consistently with the basic requirements of statistical physics. Molecular dynamics simulations have brought new insights regarding damaging and cavitation, and also regarding the plasticity of glassy polymers. Progress in chemistry and rheology/processing methods allow more and more to prepare materials with the desired morphologies and dispersion to enhance the properties.

This Special Issue of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences will highlight these new trends and achievements.

Dr. Didier R. Long
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • solid polymers
  • mechanical properties
  • plastic and ultimate properties
  • dynamical heterogeneities
  • thin films
  • dielectric spectroscopy
  • NMR
  • fluorescent probes
  • cavitation and damaging
  • polymer-based composites materials

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 3130 KiB  
Article
Silver- and Zinc-Decorated Polyurethane Ionomers with Tunable Hard/Soft Phase Segregation
by Irene Rapone, Vincenzo Taresco, Valerio Di Lisio, Antonella Piozzi and Iolanda Francolini
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(11), 6134; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22116134 - 07 Jun 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2097
Abstract
Segmented polyurethane ionomers find prominent applications in the biomedical field since they can combine the good mechanical and biostability properties of polyurethanes (PUs) with the strong hydrophilicity features of ionomers. In this work, PU ionomers were prepared from a carboxylated diol, poly(tetrahydrofuran) (soft [...] Read more.
Segmented polyurethane ionomers find prominent applications in the biomedical field since they can combine the good mechanical and biostability properties of polyurethanes (PUs) with the strong hydrophilicity features of ionomers. In this work, PU ionomers were prepared from a carboxylated diol, poly(tetrahydrofuran) (soft phase) and a small library of diisocyanates (hard phase), either aliphatic or aromatic. The synthesized PUs were characterized to investigate the effect of ionic groups and the nature of diisocyanate upon the structure–property relationship. Results showed how the polymer hard/soft phase segregation was affected by both the concentration of ionic groups and the type of diisocyanate. Specifically, PUs obtained with aliphatic diisocyanates possessed a hard/soft phase segregation stronger than PUs with aromatic diisocyanates, as well as greater bulk and surface hydrophilicity. In contrast, a higher content of ionic groups per polymer repeat unit promoted phase mixing. The neutralization of polymer ionic groups with silver or zinc further increased the hard/soft phase segregation and provided polymers with antimicrobial properties. In particular, the Zinc/PU hybrid systems possessed activity only against the Gram-positive Staphylococcus epidermidis while Silver/PU systems were active also against the Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The herein-obtained polyurethanes could find promising applications as antimicrobial coatings for different kinds of surfaces including medical devices, fabric for wound dressings and other textiles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Yield, Plasticity and Ultimate Properties of Solid Polymers)
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10 pages, 1625 KiB  
Article
Shape and Temperature Expansion of Free Volume Holes in Some Cured Polybutadiene-Polyisoprene Rubber Blends
by Giovanni Consolati, Eros Mossini, Dario Nichetti, Fiorenza Quasso, Giuseppe Maria Viola and Erkin Yaynik
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(3), 1436; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031436 - 01 Feb 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2449
Abstract
The free volume fraction of a macromolecular structure can be assessed theoretically by using a suitable model; however, it can also be evaluated from experimental data obtained from dilatometry and positron annihilation lifetime spectra. In this second case, a regular geometry of the [...] Read more.
The free volume fraction of a macromolecular structure can be assessed theoretically by using a suitable model; however, it can also be evaluated from experimental data obtained from dilatometry and positron annihilation lifetime spectra. In this second case, a regular geometry of the sub-nanometric cavities forming the free volume has to be assumed, although in fact they are irregularly shaped. The most popular approach is to guess spherical holes, which implies an isotropic growth of these last with temperature. In this work, we compared the free volume fraction, as obtained from experiments in a set of polybutadiene and polyisoprene cured rubbers and their blends, with the analogous quantity expected by using the lattice-hole model. The results allowed us to obtain insights on the approximate shape of the holes. Indeed, a cylindrical flattened geometry of the cavities produced a better agreement with the theory than the spherical shape. Furthermore, the best fit was obtained for holes that expanded preferentially in the radial direction, with a consequent decrease of the aspect ratio with temperature. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Yield, Plasticity and Ultimate Properties of Solid Polymers)
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