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Toxicology, Nanotoxicology and Occupational Diseases 2.0
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Toxicology, Nanotoxicology and Occupational Diseases 2.0

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Toxicology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2023) | Viewed by 4146

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Marina P. Sutunkova

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, 620014 Yekaterinburg, Russia
Interests: toxicology; nanotoxicology; prevention of occupational diseases and chemical-related diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The extensive development of the chemical industry and nanotechnologies and the use and practical application of nanomaterials in engineering and medicine in modern conditions require research activities to assess the health of the population exposed to adverse environmental and, mainly, occupational factors. Therefore, it is essential to clarify the pathogenetic mechanisms, especially at the molecular and genetic level of environmental-related and occupational diseases. Moreover, it is required to develop predictive diagnostic techniques and identify premorbid conditions. It is also worth noting that preventive, curative, and rehabilitative actions are the most pressing challenges today. These tasks are being solved worldwide at an increasing rate.

As the guest editor of the IJMS Special Issue on "Toxicology, Nanotoxicology and Occupational Diseases", I look forward to scientific papers in the fields of toxicology, nanotoxicology, and the prevention of occupational diseases. This Special Issue will contain experimental toxicity studies on “in vivo”, “”in vitro”, and “in silico” models, as well as the prevention of this toxicity. Papers concerning the mechanisms of the toxic action of chemicals (including in nanoform) are welcomed. We welcome studies in the following forms: original research articles, reviews, perspectives/opinions, and methodological articles.

Dr. Marina P. Sutunkova
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • toxicology
  • nanotoxicology
  • occupational diseases
  • experimental studies
  • preventive treatment

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 3234 KiB  
Article
Toxic Effects of Two Redox States of Thallium on Immortalised Hypothalamic GT1-7 Neuronal Cells
by Dai Mizuno, Masahiro Kawahara, Keiko Konoha-Mizuno, Terumasa Ogawara, Ryoji Hama and Kentaro Yamazaki
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(14), 11583; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241411583 - 18 Jul 2023
Viewed by 898
Abstract
Thallium (Tl), is a highly toxic heavy metal that exists in monovalent (Tl(I)) and trivalent (Tl(III)) ionic states. This study aimed to compare the toxicities of Tl(I) and Tl(III) in a mouse hypothalamic GT1-7 neuronal cell line. Decreased viability and increased cytotoxicity were [...] Read more.
Thallium (Tl), is a highly toxic heavy metal that exists in monovalent (Tl(I)) and trivalent (Tl(III)) ionic states. This study aimed to compare the toxicities of Tl(I) and Tl(III) in a mouse hypothalamic GT1-7 neuronal cell line. Decreased viability and increased cytotoxicity were observed in the GT1-7 cells 16 h after Tl(I) or Tl(III) treatment. Tl(III) was more cytotoxic, than Tl(I), as indicated by extracellular lactate dehydrogenase levels. Both treatments induced caspase 3 activity, DNA fragmentation, malondialdehyde (MDA) production, and superoxide dismutase activity in the cells. MDA production was higher after Tl(III) than after Tl(I) treatment. Moreover, co-treatment with antioxidants, such as mannitol, ascorbic acid, or tocopherol, significantly attenuated the Tl-induced decrease in GT1-7 cell numbers. Therefore, both treatments induced oxidative stress-related apoptosis. Furthermore, Tl(III) reduced the cell viability more subtly than Tl(I) after 1 and 3 h of treatment. This effect was enhanced by co-treatment with maltol or citric acid, which promoted the influx of metallic elements into the cells. Thus, Tl(III) entered GT1-7 cells later than Tl(I) and had a delayed onset of toxicity. However, Tl(III) likely produces more extracellular lipid peroxides, which may explain its stronger cytotoxicity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toxicology, Nanotoxicology and Occupational Diseases 2.0)
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17 pages, 2766 KiB  
Article
Comparative Evaluation of the Cytotoxic Effects of Metal Oxide and Metalloid Oxide Nanoparticles: An Experimental Study
by Marina P. Sutunkova, Svetlana V. Klinova, Yuliya V. Ryabova, Anastasiya V. Tazhigulova, Ilzira A. Minigalieva, Lada V. Shabardina, Svetlana N. Solovyeva, Tatiana V. Bushueva and Larisa I. Privalova
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(9), 8383; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24098383 - 6 May 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1388
Abstract
Industrial production generates aerosols of complex composition, including an ultrafine fraction. This is typical for mining and metallurgical industries, welding processes, and the production and recycling of electronics, batteries, etc. Since nano-sized particles are the most dangerous component of inhaled air, in this [...] Read more.
Industrial production generates aerosols of complex composition, including an ultrafine fraction. This is typical for mining and metallurgical industries, welding processes, and the production and recycling of electronics, batteries, etc. Since nano-sized particles are the most dangerous component of inhaled air, in this study we aimed to establish the impact of the chemical nature and dose of nanoparticles on their cytotoxicity. Suspensions of CuO, PbO, CdO, Fe2O3, NiO, SiO2, Mn3O4, and SeO nanoparticles were obtained by laser ablation. The experiments were conducted on outbred female albino rats. We carried out four series of a single intratracheal instillation of nanoparticles of different chemical natures at doses ranging from 0.2 to 0.5 mg per animal. Bronchoalveolar lavage was taken 24 h after the injection to assess its cytological and biochemical parameters. At a dose of 0.5 mg per animal, cytotoxicity in the series of nanoparticles changed as follows (in decreasing order): CuO NPs > PbO NPs > CdO NPs > NiO NPs > SiO2 NPs > Fe2O3 NPs. At a lower dose of 0.25 mg per animal, we observed a different pattern of cytotoxicity of the element oxides under study: NiO NPs > Mn3O4 NPs > CuO NPs > SeO NPs. We established that the cytotoxicity increased non-linearly with the increase in the dose of nanoparticles of the same chemical element (from 0 to 0.5 mg per animal). An increase in the levels of intracellular enzymes (amylase, AST, ALT, LDH) in the supernatant of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid indicated a cytotoxic effect of nanoparticles. Thus, alterations in the cytological parameters of the bronchoalveolar lavage and the biochemical characteristics of the supernatant can be used to predict the danger of new nanomaterials based on their comparative assessment with the available tested samples of nanoparticles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toxicology, Nanotoxicology and Occupational Diseases 2.0)
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12 pages, 8825 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Experimental Data on Changes in Various Structures and Functions of the Rat Brain following Intranasal Administration of Fe2O3 Nanoparticles
by Ilzira A. Minigalieva, Yuliya V. Ryabova, Ivan G. Shelomencev, Lev A. Amromin, Regina F. Minigalieva, Yuliya M. Sutunkova, Larisa I. Privalova and Marina P. Sutunkova
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(4), 3572; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043572 - 10 Feb 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1306
Abstract
Particulate matter, including iron nanoparticles, is one of the constituents of ambient air pollution. We assessed the effect of iron oxide (Fe2O3) nanoparticles on the structure and function of the brain of rats. Electron microscopy showed Fe2O [...] Read more.
Particulate matter, including iron nanoparticles, is one of the constituents of ambient air pollution. We assessed the effect of iron oxide (Fe2O3) nanoparticles on the structure and function of the brain of rats. Electron microscopy showed Fe2O3 nanoparticles in the tissues of olfactory bulbs but not in the basal ganglia of the brain after their subchronic intranasal administration. We observed an increase in the number of axons with damaged myelin sheaths and in the proportion of pathologically altered mitochondria in the brains of the exposed animals against the background of almost stable blood parameters. We conclude that the central nervous system can be a target for toxicity of low-dose exposure to Fe2O3 nanoparticles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toxicology, Nanotoxicology and Occupational Diseases 2.0)
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