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Molecular Mechanisms and Emerging Therapies in Neurovascular Disease

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Neurobiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 November 2025 | Viewed by 328

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Neurology, Bienne Hospital Centre, Bienne, Switzerland
Interests: stroke; thrombectomy; stem cell theapy; neuroimmunology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Neurovascular diseases, including stroke, cerebral aneurysms, cerebral sinus vein thrombosis, CNS angiitis, and vascular cognitive impairment, involve complex molecular mechanisms that disrupt the blood–brain barrier, vascular function, and neuronal integrity. Key molecular processes, such as endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, oxidative stress, and altered cellular signaling, contribute to disease pathogenesis. Recent advances in molecular research have identified critical biomarkers and signaling pathways, providing new insights into disease progression. Emerging therapies, including targeted molecular interventions, gene therapies, and novel drug delivery systems, aim to modulate these pathways and repair vascular and neuronal damage. Understanding these molecular mechanisms is essential for developing effective treatments and improving clinical outcomes in neurovascular disease management.

Dr. Leonidas D. Panos
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • neurovascular diseases
  • blood–brain barrier
  • endothelial dysfunction
  • cellular signaling
  • gene therapy

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

25 pages, 1925 KiB  
Review
A Systematic Review of MicroRNAs in Hemorrhagic Neurovascular Disease: Cerebral Cavernous Malformations as a Paradigm
by Roberto J. Alcazar-Felix, Aditya Jhaveri, Javed Iqbal, Abhinav Srinath, Carolyn Bennett, Akash Bindal, Diana Vera Cruz, Sharbel Romanos, Stephanie Hage, Agnieszka Stadnik, Justine Lee, Rhonda Lightle, Robert Shenkar, Janne Koskimäki, Sean P. Polster, Romuald Girard and Issam A. Awad
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(8), 3794; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26083794 - 17 Apr 2025
Viewed by 185
Abstract
Hemorrhagic neurovascular diseases, with high mortality and poor outcomes, urge novel biomarker discovery and therapeutic targets. Micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are potent post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. They have been studied in association with disease states and implicated in mechanistic gene interactions in various [...] Read more.
Hemorrhagic neurovascular diseases, with high mortality and poor outcomes, urge novel biomarker discovery and therapeutic targets. Micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are potent post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. They have been studied in association with disease states and implicated in mechanistic gene interactions in various pathologies. Their presence and stability in circulating fluids also suggest a role as biomarkers. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge about miRNAs in the context of cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs), a disease involving cerebrovascular dysmorphism and hemorrhage, with known genetic underpinnings. We also review common and distinct miRNAs of CCM compared to other diseases with brain vascular dysmorphism and hemorrhage. A systematic search, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guideline, queried all peer-reviewed articles published in English as of January 2025 and reported miRNAs associated with four hemorrhagic neurovascular diseases: CCM, arteriovenous malformations, moyamoya disease, and intracerebral hemorrhage. The PubMed systematic search retrieved 154 articles that met the inclusion criteria, reporting a total of 267 unique miRNAs identified in the literature on these four hemorrhagic neurovascular diseases. Of these 267 miRNAs, 164 were identified in preclinical studies, while 159 were identified in human subjects. Seventeen miRNAs were common to CCM and other hemorrhagic diseases. Common and unique disease-associated miRNAs in this systematic review motivate novel mechanistic hypotheses and have potential applications in diagnostic, predictive, prognostic, and therapeutic contexts of use. Much of current research can be considered hypothesis-generating, reflecting association rather than causation. Future areas of mechanistic investigation are proposed alongside approaches to analytic and clinical validations of contexts of use for biomarkers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms and Emerging Therapies in Neurovascular Disease)
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