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The Role of Diet in Lipid and Lipoprotein Metabolism

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 August 2026 | Viewed by 1017

Special Issue Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Many functional foods have been widely developed and marketed to protect against cancer, cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes, autoimmune disease, and liver damage via defence against tumorigenesis, dyslipidaemia, and anti-inflammatory activities. Patients with dyslipidaemia are frequently associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), accompanied by the impairment of hepatic functions. Globally, NAFLD and metabolic syndrome have increased rapidly, particularly due to the transition to westernized lifestyles, and are more prevalent in middle-aged populations (45–65 years old), exhibiting hypertension, dyslipidaemia (low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and high triglyceride), diabetes, and chronic kidney disease to impair the quality of life. On the other hand, common concerns around herbal medicine or folk medicine are associated with hepatotoxicity due to hidden or unidentified ingredients and adulterants in the extracts. Therefore, to avoid herb-induced liver injury (HILI) and drug-induced liver injury (DILI), it is necessary to develop new agents to improve lipoprotein metabolism and hepatic functions without toxicity. The current Special Issue aims to focus on molecular research on the enhancement of lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, such as HDL quantity and quality in relation to protecting against liver function and preventing hypertension, diabetes, CVD, cancer, and dementia.

Dr. Kyung-Hyun Cho
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • dyslipidemia
  • hypertension
  • diabetes
  • dementia

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

23 pages, 6461 KB  
Article
Enhanced Qualities of High-Density Lipoproteins (HDLs) with Antioxidant Abilities Are Associated with Lower Susceptibility of Hypertension in Middle-Aged Korean Participants: Impaired HDL Quality and Hypertension Risk
by Kyung-Hyun Cho, Chae-Eun Yang, Sang Hyuk Lee, Yunki Lee and Ashutosh Bahuguna
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27(2), 1108; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27021108 - 22 Jan 2026
Viewed by 777
Abstract
The quality of high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) is characterized by lipid and protein composition, oxidation and glycation extent, and particle size, while the quantity of HDL-C is just the cholesterol amount in HDL. The inverse association between HDL-C and cardiovascular disease (CVD) and hypertension [...] Read more.
The quality of high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) is characterized by lipid and protein composition, oxidation and glycation extent, and particle size, while the quantity of HDL-C is just the cholesterol amount in HDL. The inverse association between HDL-C and cardiovascular disease (CVD) and hypertension has been well established; however, the U-shaped mortality risk observed from HDL-C underscores that HDL quality and function are equally important. The present cross-sectional study assessed the correlations of serum lipid and glucose profiles, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and HDL characteristics, with blood pressure (BP) distribution in ordinary middle-aged Korean participants (n = 50; mean age 47.0 ± 11.7 years; males: n = 25, 49.2.0 ± 11.7 years; females: n = 25, 44.8 ± 11.5 years), with particular focus on HDL quality and its antioxidant capacity. This study observed that serum elevated triglyceride (TG) and glucose levels were directly proportional to elevated systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP), whereas serum total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C, and HDL-C were not correlated with BP. However, HDL-C/TC (%) was negatively associated with SBP (p = 0.036), while TG/HDL-C and glucose/HDL-C ratios were positively associated with both SBP and DBP, suggesting that TG and glucose proportions relative to HDL-C are probable predictors of hypertension. Elevations of TG, oxidation, and glycation in LDL were positively associated with elevations of BP, whereas LDL particle size was negatively correlated with BP. Similarly, elevations of TG and glycation in HDL2 and HDL3 were positively correlated with elevations of BP, while the particle size of HDL2 was negatively correlated with BP. The heightened HDL2-associated paraoxonase (PON) activity and ferric ion reduction ability (FRA) negatively correlated with LDL oxidation and particle size, whereas elevated HDL3-associated PON and FRA activities were inversely related to LDL glycation. An enhanced glycation in HDL2 was negatively correlated with HDL2-associated PON activity and FRA, while an increase in HDL2 particle size was only dependent on the associated PON activity but not on FRA. In conclusion, observational outcomes demonstrated that improved HDL quality and functionality (characterized by large particle size, reduced glycation, and higher FRA and PON activities) were inversely correlated with LDL oxidation, glycation, particle shrinkage, and the risk of hypertension. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Diet in Lipid and Lipoprotein Metabolism)
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