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Molecular Mechanisms of Allergy and Asthma: 4th Edition
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Molecular Mechanisms of Allergy and Asthma: 4th Edition

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2026 | Viewed by 1791

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Daniel P. Potaczek

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Translational Inflammation Research Division and Core Facility for Single Cell Multiomics, Philipps-University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany
2. Center for Infection and Genomics of the Lung (CIGL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
Interests: allergy; asthma; environment; epigenetics; epigenomics; inflammation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is a continuation of our previous successful Special Issues “Molecular Mechanisms of Allergy and Asthma”, “Molecular Mechanisms of Allergy and Asthma 2.0” and “Molecular Mechanisms of Allergy and Asthma: 3rd Edition”.

Asthma and other allergic disorders are known to be determined by complex interactions between the individual genetic background and environmental influences. On the molecular level, those are mediated by genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, the latter including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding regulatory RNAs. Those control the expression of immune (regulatory) molecules, and, in this way, the function of leukocytes and other types of immune cells involved in the mechanisms underlying the development of allergies. Although our knowledge of the molecular and cellular background of allergic diseases has substantially increased in the last several decades, there is still much to be discovered. Further increase in the understanding of the molecular bases of allergic disorders should boost the development of personalized diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. As such, the aims of this Special Issue on “Molecular Mechanisms of Allergy and Asthma: 4th Edition” are to (1) perform an update (review) on the current status of our knowledge of the contribution of molecular mechanisms to the development and clinical course of asthma and other allergic disorders, (2) further increase this knowledge as well as identify (3) new diagnostic options and assess their relevance and (4) molecular targets for novel therapies. Submissions may include original research and different types of reviews.

You may choose our Joint Special Issue in Allergies.

Dr. Daniel P. Potaczek
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • allergy
  • asthma
  • epigenetics/epigenomics
  • genetics/genomics
  • inflammation
  • molecular biology

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Related Special Issues

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 1130 KB  
Article
Role of the IRE1α-XBP1 Axis in IgE-Dependent Activation of Mast Cells
by Hiroto Kouda, Kazuki Nagata, Riu Saito and Chiharu Nishiyama
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27(10), 4532; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27104532 - 18 May 2026
Viewed by 81
Abstract
The IRE1α-XBP1 axis is the most conserved of the three major unfolded protein response (UPR) branches triggered by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Although the transcription factor XBP1 is involved in the development and function of several hematopoietic lineages, its role in the [...] Read more.
The IRE1α-XBP1 axis is the most conserved of the three major unfolded protein response (UPR) branches triggered by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Although the transcription factor XBP1 is involved in the development and function of several hematopoietic lineages, its role in the activation of mast cells (MCs), which are critical in allergic responses, remains largely unknown. We identified salicylaldehyde, which suppresses IRE1α nuclease activity that is essential for XBP1 production, as an inhibitor of MC activation in our previous screening; therefore, we herein investigated the effects of additional IRE1α inhibitors, 3-methyl-6-bromo-salichylaldehyde (MBSA) and KIRA6, targeting the nuclease domain and kinase domain, respectively, on MC activation. MBSA and KIRA6 suppressed IgE-dependent degranulation of bone marrow-derived MCs (BMMCs) but did not inhibit Ca2+ ionophore- or compound48/80-induced degranulation. Treatments with inhibitors of two other branches of UPR, the PERK and ATF6 pathways, did not affect the IgE-induced activation of BMMCs. The intraperitoneal administration of MBSA or KIRA6 significantly suppressed IgE-induced passive anaphylaxis in mice. Furthermore, to examine the effects of XBP1, siRNA-mediated knockdown was performed. The results obtained confirmed that Xbp1 siRNA introduction reduced the IgE-dependent degranulation of BMMCs in parallel with the knockdown level of Xbp1 mRNA. Therefore, the IRE1α-XBP1 axis plays a significant role in IgE-dependent and MC-mediated allergic responses and is considered to be a therapeutic target of allergic diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms of Allergy and Asthma: 4th Edition)
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11 pages, 1046 KB  
Article
Evaluation of the Biological Standardization of Native Der p 1, Der p 2 and Der p 23 Proteins Isolated from Natural Allergen Source
by Ana I. Tabar, David Rodríguez, Evelyn Gutierrez-Suazo, E. Carolina Pinto, Cristina Pesántez-Méndez, Blanca E. Garcia, Paloma Martín, Gema Garcia, Ricardo Palacios and Montserrat Martínez-Gomariz
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27(7), 3332; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27073332 - 7 Apr 2026
Viewed by 540
Abstract
House dust mite allergens Der p 1, Der p 2, and Der p 23 are recognized as major clinically relevant allergens worldwide; however, it is difficult to obtain these proteins in purified form from a natural source, which limits their use in molecular [...] Read more.
House dust mite allergens Der p 1, Der p 2, and Der p 23 are recognized as major clinically relevant allergens worldwide; however, it is difficult to obtain these proteins in purified form from a natural source, which limits their use in molecular targeted immunotherapy and in vivo diagnosis. In this study, we developed and validated robust methodologies for the large-scale purification and individual characterization of native nDer p 1, nDer p 2, and nDer p 23 allergens from the natural sensitization source, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. Each allergen was isolated through an independent downstream process based on successive chromatographic steps, achieving high purity and preserving the structural integrity. Molecular standardization was performed in vivo in 27 mite-allergic patients by skin prick testing (SPT), enabling the separate determination of histamine equivalent potency (HEP) values: 7.43 µg/mL for nDer p 1, 8.11 µg/mL for nDer p 2, and 1.55 µg/mL for nDer p 23. These data establish a direct relationship between the protein concentration and biological activity for each major allergen. In conclusion, the successful production and biological standardization of native nDer p 1, nDer p 2, and nDer p 23 proteins provide well-defined reagents for in vivo molecular diagnosis and enable more precise and reproducible standardization compared with complex allergen extracts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms of Allergy and Asthma: 4th Edition)
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Review

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17 pages, 681 KB  
Review
Oxidative Stress in Asthma Pathogenesis: Mechanistic Insights and Emerging Biomarker Signatures
by Justina B. Semyte and Violeta Kvedariene
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27(8), 3376; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27083376 - 9 Apr 2026
Viewed by 754
Abstract
Bronchial asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation. Oxidative stress arises when the production of free radicals exceeds the antioxidant defense system’s capacity, leading to a redox imbalance. Under oxidative stress, airway inflammation is activated, leading to airway remodeling and [...] Read more.
Bronchial asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation. Oxidative stress arises when the production of free radicals exceeds the antioxidant defense system’s capacity, leading to a redox imbalance. Under oxidative stress, airway inflammation is activated, leading to airway remodeling and maintenance of bronchial hyperreactivity. Airway epithelial remodeling can cause irreversible tissue fibrosis in asthma patients, thereby contributing to a severe course of asthma. A comprehensive literature review was performed using medical database “PubMed” and specialized search engine “Google Scholar” using the PICO model. A total of 51 scientific studies published in English from 2020–2025 were analyzed. Out of the initial 561 articles, 510 articles were excluded due to incomplete articles, studies involving animals, or articles not in English. New studies show that oxidative stress can be objectively measured using various biomarkers. This research aims to provide a better understanding of how oxidative stress affects the airways of asthma patients and what information can be obtained by measuring oxidative stress biomarkers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms of Allergy and Asthma: 4th Edition)
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