International Journal of Molecular Sciences

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Prof. Dr. Maria Tereza Nunes

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Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-220, Brazil
Interests: hormonal regulation; gene expression: thyroid hormone; therapeutic

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Thyroid hormone plays an important role in growth, development, tissue homeostasis, and metabolism. In recent years, thyroid hormones and analogues have shown significant therapeutic potential for metabolic diseases such as diabetes, obesity and dyslipidemia. To deepen the understanding of the molecular basis of thyroid hormone actions, this Special Issue titled “Thyroid Hormone and Molecular Endocrinology” aims to collect the latest original recent articles and reviews describing the molecular aspects of thyroid hormone, including but not limited to the following areas:

Thyroid hormone;
Hormone regulation;
Thyroid gene expression;
Potential therapeutic application;
Hypothyroidism;
TH analogues;
Diabetes mellitus.

Prof. Dr. Maria Tereza Nunes
Guest Editor

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Keywords

hormonal regulation
gene expression: thyroid hormone
therapeutic
thyroid hormone receptors
diabetes
obesity
hyperlipidemia
T3

Published Papers (1 paper)

Research

11 pages, 1741 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Ultrasound Parameters Can Accurately Predict the Risk of Malignancy in Patients with “Indeterminate TIR3b” Cytology Nodules: A Prospective Study

by Valentina Guarnotta, Roberta La Monica, Vincenza Rita Ingrao, Claudia Di Stefano, Riccardo Salzillo, Giuseppe Pizzolanti, Antonino Giulio Giannone, Piero Luigi Almasio, Pierina Richiusa and Carla Giordano

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(9), 8296; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24098296 - 5 May 2023

Viewed by 1182

Abstract

The increase in the incidence of thyroid nodules with cytological findings of TIR3b requires the identification of predictive factors of malignancy. We prospectively evaluated 2160 patients from January 2018 to June 2022 and enrolled 103 patients with indeterminate cytology TIR3b nodules who underwent total (73 patients) and hemi-thyroidectomy (30 patients). Among them, 61 had a histological diagnosis of malignancy (30 classic papillary thyroid carcinoma, 19 had follicular papillary thyroid carcinoma variant, 3 had Hurtle cell carcinoma and 9 had follicular thyroid carcinoma), while 42 had a benign histology. Clinical, ultrasonographic and cytological characteristics were recorded. In addition, BRAF mutation was analysed. Patients with a histological diagnosis of malignancy had a higher frequency of nodule diameter ≤11 mm (p = 0.002), hypoechogenicity (p < 0.001), irregular borders (p < 0.001), peri- and intralesional vascular flows (p = 0.004) and microcalcifications (p = 0.001) compared to patients with benign histology. In contrast, patients with benign histology had more frequent nodules with a halo sign (p = 0.012) compared to patients with histological diagnosis of malignancy. No significant differences were found in BRAF mutation between the two groups. Our study suggests that the combination of ultrasonographic and cytological data could be more accurate and reliable than cytology alone in identifying those patients with TIR3b cytology and a histology of malignancy to be referred for thyroidectomy, thus reducing the number of patients undergoing thyroidectomy for benign thyroid disease. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Thyroid Hormone and Molecular Endocrinology)

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