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New Insights and Discoveries in the Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Therapy of Neuromuscular Diseases

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Neurobiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2025 | Viewed by 1346

Special Issue Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

It is well known that neuromuscular diseases (NMDs) encompass a broad spectrum of disorders affecting the motor neurons, peripheral nerves, neuromuscular junctions, and muscles. In recent years, several discoveries have significantly advanced our understanding of their pathogenesis. Genetic studies, including next-generation sequencing, have identified novel mutations and mechanisms underlying some of the common neuromuscular disorders (e.g., Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA)). Key pathogenic pathways have been implicated in their initiation and development, including impaired autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, abnormal protein aggregation, and the dysregulation of calcium signaling. In addition, inflammatory and immune-mediated mechanisms are increasingly being recognized, particularly in myositis and some neuropathies. Currently, diagnostic approaches have improved substantially with the integration of molecular genetics, high-resolution imaging, and blood-based biomarkers, enabling earlier and more precise diagnoses. Therapeutic strategies have evolved from supportive care to targeted molecular interventions. In this context, gene therapies for SMA and exon-skipping therapies for DMD have demonstrated transformative outcomes. Additionally, antisense oligonucleotides, monoclonal antibodies, and small-molecule therapies are under active development. Advances in stem cell research and regenerative medicine also hold potential for future treatment options. The aim of this Special Issue is to collect and present new insights and discoveries related to pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment in neuromuscular diseases. Therefore, we invite researchers from all relevant fields to participate in this initiative and contribute original research or review articles.

Prof. Dr. Dimitrios Kanakis
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • neuromuscular diseases
  • autophagy
  • mitochondrial dysfunction
  • molecular genetics
  • blood-based biomarkers
  • antisense oligonucleotides
  • monoclonal antibodies

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

20 pages, 2187 KiB  
Article
Comparative Transcriptomic Profiling in Patients Affected by Duchenne and Becker Muscular Dystrophies: A Focus on ECM Genes Dysregulation
by Bartolo Rizzo, Francesca Dragoni, Maria Irene Dainesi, Rosalinda Di Gerlando, Evelyne Minucchi, Angela Lucia Berardinelli and Stella Gagliardi
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(14), 6594; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26146594 - 9 Jul 2025
Viewed by 1087
Abstract
The complexity of RNA metabolism has become crucial in neuromuscular diseases, especially for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD). Our goal was to search for possible pathways that differ between the two diseases, in which DMD develops a severe phenotype [...] Read more.
The complexity of RNA metabolism has become crucial in neuromuscular diseases, especially for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD). Our goal was to search for possible pathways that differ between the two diseases, in which DMD develops a severe phenotype compared to BMD. In this work, we aimed to evaluate the transcriptomic profile in skeletal muscle biopsies derived from patients with either DMD or BMD. We collected RNA obtained from pediatric patients with DMD (n = 12) and with BMD (n = 6). Compared to patients with BMD, patients with DMD showed a particular activation of genes involved in collagen synthesis, extracellular matrix organization, and Oncostatin M-dependent pathways, important for fibrotic processes. This suggests that a more severe phenotype in patients with DMD compared to those with BMD may be due to greater deregulation of these pathways, reflecting the clinical picture of patients observed. Our results allowed us to highlight the molecular differences between the two phenotypic groups, shedding light on the pathways that make Duchenne dystrophy more severe than its counterpart does. This study provides preliminary insights into the difference in gene expression between the two groups and lays the basis for the identification of possible mechanisms that differentiate between the two diseases. Full article
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