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Bioactive Molecules from Food Waste in Food Packaging Applications

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2026) | Viewed by 3596

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Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
Interests: contaminants of emerging concern (CECs); organic dyes adsorption; adsorption processes; advanced oxidation processes (AOPs); water remediation technologies; upcycling; circular Economy; green chemistry; nanotechnology; physical chemistry; photochemical processes; photodynamic therapy (PDT); bio-polymers; food packaging; fluorescence spectroscopy; UV-Vis spectroscopy; ATR-FTIR-spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction (XRD); cosmetics; neurocosmetics; cosmetic chemistry; cosmetic formulation; cosmetic dermatology; pharmaceuticals; waste management
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The packaging plays a key role in preserving the foodstuffs’ quality and shelf-life. In the last few decades, traditional food packaging materials have been turning towards more innovative and active ones. For this purpose, bioactive molecules extracted from fruits and vegetables have started being embedded inside packaging materials with the aim to confer peculiar properties such as antioxidant properties, antimicrobial properties, gas and moisture barriers, and so on, and improve the basic functionalities. To also be in line with the Circular Economy principles, agri-food wastes and by-products can easily be recovered for the purposes of extracting other interesting functional biomolecules in order to reach the same goal; therefore, reducing the negative impact on the ecosystems, which is generated by waste management. Based on these preliminary considerations, this Special Issue is devoted to presenting original research and review articles focused on realizing functional packaging materials, which contain embedded bioactive molecules derived from agri-food wastes and by-products.

Dr. Jennifer Gubitosa
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • wastes upcycling
  • waste management
  • circular economy
  • green chemistry
  • bioactive molecules
  • agri-food wastes and by-products
  • food packaging
  • active packaging

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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30 pages, 2564 KB  
Review
Valorization of Mushroom Residues for Functional Food Packaging
by Gréta Törős, Hassan El-Ramady, Neama Abdalla, Tamer Elsakhawy and József Prokisch
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(22), 10870; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms262210870 - 9 Nov 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2445
Abstract
The mushroom industry generates a substantial amount of residues each year, encompassing materials such as processing residues and spent substrates. Much of this biomass is discarded, despite its richness in valuable compounds. Mushroom residues contain bioactive substances including β-glucans, phenolic compounds, proteins, and [...] Read more.
The mushroom industry generates a substantial amount of residues each year, encompassing materials such as processing residues and spent substrates. Much of this biomass is discarded, despite its richness in valuable compounds. Mushroom residues contain bioactive substances including β-glucans, phenolic compounds, proteins, and dietary fiber, all of which are well known for their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. While fruit and vegetable residues have been extensively explored as raw materials for eco-friendly packaging, mushroom-derived residues remain a largely underutilized resource. Recent studies have highlighted their potential as a renewable source of functional ingredients for sustainable food packaging. By applying green extraction technologies such as ultrasound- or microwave-assisted methods, researchers can recover stable bioactive compounds and incorporate them into biodegradable polymers. Early results are promising: packaging films enriched with mushroom residue extracts demonstrate improved mechanical strength, enhanced barrier properties, and added bioactivity. This strategy aligns with the principles of the Circular Economy, simultaneously reducing environmental impact and adding value to materials that were previously discarded. Although further optimization is needed, particularly regarding extraction efficiency, compound stability, and scalability, the valorization of mushroom residues represents a promising pathway toward the next generation of sustainable, eco-friendly packaging materials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Molecules from Food Waste in Food Packaging Applications)
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16 pages, 5235 KB  
Article
Bio-Based Dual-Layer UV-Cured Oil- and Water-Resistant Paper Coating for Food Packaging Applications
by Myungho Lee, Anuja P. Rananavare and Youn Suk Lee
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27(5), 2210; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27052210 - 26 Feb 2026
Viewed by 512
Abstract
Fluorine-free paper coatings with water- and oil-resistance properties have gained considerable attention for sustainable food packaging applications. In this study, a dual-layer coating based on chitosan (Chi) and acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO), both derived from renewable and natural resources, was applied to [...] Read more.
Fluorine-free paper coatings with water- and oil-resistance properties have gained considerable attention for sustainable food packaging applications. In this study, a dual-layer coating based on chitosan (Chi) and acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO), both derived from renewable and natural resources, was applied to kraft paper. The ultraviolet-cured AESO top layer formed a dense crosslinking network, while the Chi interlayer promoted strong interfacial adhesion with the kraft paper through hydrogen bonding, effectively restricting fluid penetration. The Chi/AESO40/kraft paper showed markedly enhanced water repellency and oil resistance, with a reduced Cobb600 value of 16 g m−2 and kit rating of 12. Thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated improved thermal stability, and mechanical testing results revealed enhanced packaging-relevant strength, with the tensile strength increasing from 33 to 40 MPa and tensile index increasing from 45 to 60 kPa·m2 g−1; furthermore, the burst strength and index improved from 260 to 330 kPa and from 3.2 to 4.0 kPa·m2 g−1, respectively. Food contact tests conducted using French fries confirmed the effective barrier performance of the Chi/AESO/kraft paper, highlighting its potential for use in sustainable paper-based food packaging applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Molecules from Food Waste in Food Packaging Applications)
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19 pages, 3867 KB  
Article
Polylactide Modified with ZnO and Raspberry Leaf Extract as Active Food Packaging
by Magdalena Zdanowicz, Małgorzata Mizielińska and Wojciech Jankowski
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27(9), 4002; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27094002 (registering DOI) - 29 Apr 2026
Abstract
The aim of the study was to modify polylactide with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO), raspberry leaf extract (E), and a combined ZnO/extract system (EZnO) in order to prepare novel packaging materials via a solvent-free method, namely cast extrusion. Physicochemical properties: Morphology (GPC, SEM, [...] Read more.
The aim of the study was to modify polylactide with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO), raspberry leaf extract (E), and a combined ZnO/extract system (EZnO) in order to prepare novel packaging materials via a solvent-free method, namely cast extrusion. Physicochemical properties: Morphology (GPC, SEM, FTIR), mechanical (tensile tests, puncture), barrier (WVTR, OTR, UV-Vis) and water contact angle for PLA-based films with two thickness ranges were investigated. Additionally, antimicrobial (antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral) tests were performed. GPC results revealed that the presence of the extract counteracted biopolyester degradation during hot melt processing. The best mechanical properties (TS ca. 50 MPa, EB ca. 18%) were obtained for PLA modified with raspberry leaf extract (PLA/E). EZnO addition led to the highest increase in oxygen (with 25%) and water vapor (up to ca. 28%) barrier properties. The material with EZnO addition was also found to be the only one to demonstrate antibacterial effectiveness, although the activity was insignificant. However, the incorporation of EZnO into the biopolymer matrix enhanced its antiviral properties, resulting in the complete inactivation of Φ6 bacteriophage particles used as a surrogate of SARS-CoV-2 virus. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Molecules from Food Waste in Food Packaging Applications)
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