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Advancements in Host-Directed Antiviral Therapies

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 September 2025 | Viewed by 1428

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
CSIC-UAM—Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBM), Madrid, Spain
Interests: virology; herpesvirus; antivirals; autophagy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Host-directed antiviral therapies refer to therapeutic strategies that target host cellular factors involved in the viral lifecycle, rather than directly targeting viral components. This approach seeks to modulate the host's cellular machinery to inhibit viral replication and spread. Traditional antiviral treatments often target viral components directly but aim to modulate host cell machinery to inhibit viral replication, thus offering an alternative strategy to combat viral infections. This strategy is especially promising for infections where direct antiviral therapies are limited or resistance has emerged.

This Special Issue will focus on a wide range of novel molecular mechanisms underlying host–virus interactions, with a particular focus on the cellular processes exploited by viruses to facilitate their replication and survival. Key areas of interest include the identification and targeting of host cell antiviral targets, including proteins involved in RNA modification, endocytic trafficking, and innate immune responses. By modulating these host factors, researchers aim to develop therapies that are less likely to induce resistance compared to traditional antivirals. We encourage contributions that describe novel molecular insights into the host–virus interaction, as well as advancements in drug development targeting host factors. Articles should provide a clear connection between molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential. This Special Issue aims to advance our understanding of host-targeted therapeutic strategies and their potential to complement or replace traditional antiviral approaches in clinical settings.

We welcome submissions, including original papers and reviews, on these widely discussed topics. Dr. Sabina Andreu is a scientist engaged in antiviral research who will assist Professor Raquel Bello-Morales in managing this Special Issue.

Dr. Raquel Bello-Morales
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • antiviral drugs
  • drug discovery
  • host cell targets
  • HIV
  • HCV
  • influenza
  • SARS-CoV-2

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

20 pages, 1755 KiB  
Review
Immune Modulatory Effects of Vitamin D on Herpesvirus Infections
by Daniel Galdo-Torres, Sabina Andreu, Oliver Caballero, Israel Hernández-Ruiz, Inés Ripa, Raquel Bello-Morales and José Antonio López-Guerrero
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(4), 1767; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26041767 - 19 Feb 2025
Viewed by 1226
Abstract
In addition to its classical role in calcium and phosphate metabolism regulation, vitamin D also has an important impact on immunity modulation. Vitamin D regulates the immune response, shifting from a proinflammatory state to a more tolerogenic one by increasing the release of [...] Read more.
In addition to its classical role in calcium and phosphate metabolism regulation, vitamin D also has an important impact on immunity modulation. Vitamin D regulates the immune response, shifting from a proinflammatory state to a more tolerogenic one by increasing the release of anti-inflammatory cytokines while downregulating proinflammatory cytokines. Thus, low levels of vitamin D have been associated with an increased risk of developing autoimmune diseases like multiple sclerosis and type 1 diabetes. Furthermore, this prohormone also enhances the release of well-known antimicrobial peptides, like cathelicidin LL-37 and β-defensins; therefore, it has been proposed that vitamin D serum levels might be related to the risk of well-known pathogen infections, including herpesviruses. These are a group of widely spread viral pathogens that can cause severe encephalitis or tumors like Kaposi’s sarcoma and Burkitt lymphoma. However, there is no consensus on the minimum levels of vitamin D or the recommended daily dose, making it difficult to establish a possible association between these two factors. This narrative non-systematic review will analyze the mechanisms by which vitamin D regulates the immune system and recent studies about whether there is an association between vitamin D serum levels and herpesvirus infections. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Host-Directed Antiviral Therapies)
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