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C. elegans as a Disease Model: Molecular Perspectives: 2nd Edition

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 September 2025 | Viewed by 1708

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Guest Editor
Department of Biological Anthropology, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
Interests: developmental genetics; cell death; C. elegans; tumor genetics
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Dear Colleagues,

The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has been used for 50 years as a genetic model organism. “The worm” is one of the well-known non-mammalian model systems, having contributed to human disease gene discovery due to its ease-of-use and excellent genetic, genomic and cell biology tools.

As 40–60% of genes in C. elegans have orthologs or strong homologs in mammals and several biological mechanisms are conserved in both worms and mammals, the biological function of numerous disease-related genes has been revealed in this organism. Indeed, C. elegans has been used to investigate the genetic background of many biological processes, such as ageing or innate immunity.

In the era of genome editing, CRISPR can be used to mutate the worm homologs of disease-related genes, generating the mutation of interest. In addition, disease-related genes in C. elegans can be humanized by replacing the worm gene with its human ortholog, with the “humanized worm” able to be the target of further screens or assays.

C. elegans models have been successfully generated for several neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, or Huntington’s disease. Currently, the nematode is also considered an emerging model for investigating different aspects of cancer.

Dr. Krisztina Takács-Vellai
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Caenorhabditis elegans
  • model organism
  • disease model
  • neurodegenerative diseases
  • cancer model
  • ageing

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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23 pages, 2740 KiB  
Article
Anti-Obesity Properties of a Novel Probiotic Strain of Latilactobacillus sakei CNTA 173 in Caenorhabditis elegans
by Ignacio Goyache, Lorena Valdés-Varela, Raquel Virto, Miguel López-Yoldi, Noelia López-Giral, Ana Sánchez-Vicente, Fermín I. Milagro and Paula Aranaz
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(7), 3286; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26073286 - 1 Apr 2025
Viewed by 453
Abstract
Probiotic strains with health-promoting activities have emerged as a promising strategy to prevent or treat different metabolic syndrome-related disturbances, including obesity or type 2 diabetes. In this work, we characterize the probiotic properties of a novel strain of Latilactobacillus sakei (L. sakei [...] Read more.
Probiotic strains with health-promoting activities have emerged as a promising strategy to prevent or treat different metabolic syndrome-related disturbances, including obesity or type 2 diabetes. In this work, we characterize the probiotic properties of a novel strain of Latilactobacillus sakei (L. sakei) CNTA 173, and we demonstrate its anti-obesity properties using the in vivo model Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). This new strain exhibited sensitivity to the entire spectrum of antibiotics analysed, gastric and intestinal in vitro resistance, β-galactosidase activity, and the ability to form biofilm and to produce acetic acid in vitro. Cell culture analyses demonstrated that L. sakei CNTA 173 was able to reduce the adhesion to Caco-2 cells of the pathogenic E. coli O157:H7 and to exert immunomodulatory capacity in RAW 264.7 and HT-29 in vitro models. Furthermore, supplementation with L. sakei CNTA 173 counteracted the deleterious effects of glucose in C. elegans by significantly reducing fat accumulation, enhancing the oxidative stress response, and extending lifespan by directly regulating the carbohydrate and lipid metabolism-related genes acox-1, maoc-1, and daf-16. Our results unveil new strain-specific mechanisms of action by which L. sakei CNTA 173 exerts beneficial effects in vitro and in C. elegans, and suggest potential application of this novel probiotic strain in the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome-related disturbances. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue C. elegans as a Disease Model: Molecular Perspectives: 2nd Edition)
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Review

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22 pages, 1982 KiB  
Review
Unraveling Molecular Targets for Neurodegenerative Diseases Through Caenorhabditis elegans Models
by Rongmei Xu, Qiaoju Kang, Xuefei Yang, Ping Yi and Rongying Zhang
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(7), 3030; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26073030 - 26 Mar 2025
Viewed by 780
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington’s disease (HD), and prion disease, represent a group of age-related disorders that pose a growing and formidable challenge to global health. Despite decades of extensive research that has [...] Read more.
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington’s disease (HD), and prion disease, represent a group of age-related disorders that pose a growing and formidable challenge to global health. Despite decades of extensive research that has uncovered key genetic factors and biochemical pathways, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying these diseases and effective therapeutic strategies remain elusive. Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) has emerged as a powerful model organism for studying NDDs due to its unique biological features such as genetic tractability, conserved molecular pathways, and ease of high-throughput screening. This model provides an exceptional platform for identifying molecular targets associated with NDDs and developing novel therapeutic interventions. This review highlights the critical role of C. elegans in elucidating the complex molecular mechanisms of human NDDs, with a particular focus on recent advancements and its indispensable contributions to the discovery of molecular targets and therapeutic strategies for these NDDs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue C. elegans as a Disease Model: Molecular Perspectives: 2nd Edition)
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