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Special Issue "Tobacco and Alcohol and Its Related Diseases and or Injuries"

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A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Behavior, Chronic Disease and Health Promotion".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 May 2023 | Viewed by 11592

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Special Issue Editor

Dr. Bhawna Gupta

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Guest Editor

Public Health, Torrens University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
Interests: cancer epidemiology; chronic diseases; head and neck cancers; tobacco; alcohol; musculoskeletal disorders; quality of life; systematic review and meta-analysis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Tobacco in its active and passive forms is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, and can lead to poor quality of life as it effects almost every part of the body. According to the World Health Organization, tobacco kills more than 8 million people each year. More than 7 million of those deaths are the result of direct tobacco use, while around 1.2 million are the result of non-smokers being exposed to second-hand smoke. More than 80% of the world’s, 1.3 billion tobacco users live in low- and middle-income countries. All forms of tobacco: cigarettes, bidis and kreteks, cigars, cigarillos, roll-your-own tobacco, waterpipe tobacco, and various chewing tobacco products (gutkha, betel nut, mishri) are harmful for the body. There are gaps in the knowledge about the potential harmful effects of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDSs) and electronic non-nicotine delivery systems (ENNDSs), commonly referred to as e-cigarettes, and heated tobacco products (HTPs).

This Special Issue aims to present the diversity and knowledge gaps in the research studying the effects of tobacco and alcohol on chronic diseases and/or injuries. Potential topics include, but are not limited to: smoking and chewing tobacco; adverse effects of excessive alcohol consumption; chronic diseases; and injuries.

Disclaimer: We will not accept research funded in part or full by any tobacco companies in this Special Issue. For more details, please check: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/15/12/2831/htm.

Dr. Bhawna Gupta
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

tobacco smoking
chewing tobacco
secondhand smoke
alcohol
tobacco-related diseases
chronic diseases
cancers
injuries
musculo-skeletal
health risk
public health

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

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Open AccessArticle

Awareness and Needs of Smoking Cessation Services for Female Emotional Laborers, Parcel Delivery Workers, Transportation Workers, and Construction Workers in South Korea

and

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(22), 15220; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192215220 - 18 Nov 2022

Viewed by 801

Abstract

Although South Korea has implemented various smoking cessation services, women who are emotional laborers, as well as parcel delivery, transportation, and construction workers, have poor access to these services. This study evaluated the smoking-related characteristics of workers in these four occupations as well as the awareness of and need for smoking cessation services. In total 808 workers in these four occupations aged 19 years and above were recruited nationwide and had their data analyzed. The participants’ age, marital status, number of work hours per week, job-related stress, age when they started smoking, average number of cigarettes a day, types of tobacco products, close relationships to others who smoke, number of attempts to quit smoking, plans to quit smoking, awareness of cessation services, prior utilization of cessation services, and need for cessation services were surveyed. Compared with parcel delivery workers, female emotional laborers and transportation and construction workers had more attempts to quit smoking, plans to quit smoking, and prior utilization of smoking cessation services, moreover, construction workers had a significantly lower awareness of smoking cessation services. Parcel delivery workers need smoking cessation programs, mobile applications to help them quit smoking, and improvements in their work environments. Cessation services and education should be promoted at workplaces and among managers. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tobacco and Alcohol and Its Related Diseases and or Injuries)

Open AccessArticle

Role of Toothbrushes as Gene Expression Profiling Tool for Oral Cancer Screening in Tobacco and Alcohol Users

Govindarajan Sujatha

Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan

Mohammad S. Al-Ghamdi

and

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(13), 8052; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19138052 - 30 Jun 2022

Viewed by 984

Abstract

Aim: The use of toothbrushes was investigated as a potential RNA source and gene expression profiling tool for oral cancer screening in tobacco and alcohol users. Methodology: A total of 20 subjects were selected on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were divided into two groups: group I—healthy controls (n = 6); group II—individuals who consume tobacco and alcohol (n = 14). After the volunteers brushed their teeth using a soft-bristle toothbrush with ~0.5 gm of toothpaste, the toothbrushes were collected, and the gene expression of BAX, BCL2, CDK4, CKDN2A, GNB3, and TCF7L2 was assessed. Results: The gene expression of BAX decreased significantly in alcoholics and smokers (0.13867 ± 0.12014), while the gene expression of BCL2 increased in alcoholics and smokers (1.91001 ± 0.90425) in comparison with healthy controls (p = 0.0054 and p = 0.0055). Although there was increased expression of CDK4, CKDN2A, and TCF7L2 and decreased expression of GNB3 in smokers and alcoholics, the results were not significant. Conclusions: A toothbrush is a good source of RNA, and gene expression analysis can be performed using the genetic material retrieved from toothbrushes, which can aid in the early diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma among tobacco and alcohol users. Further studies with a larger sample size and different durations of toothbrush use should be conducted to explore the role of toothbrushes as a noninvasive tool for disease diagnosis. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tobacco and Alcohol and Its Related Diseases and or Injuries)

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Open AccessArticle

Car/Motorbike Drivers’ Willingness to Use and to Pay for Alcohol Interlock in Taiwan

Rong-Chang Jou

and

Yi-Hao Lu

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(21), 11516; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111516 - 02 Nov 2021

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Abstract

This study explored the important factors affecting drunk car/motorbike drivers’ willingness to use and pay for alcohol interlocks. Data were obtained through a survey upon choice-based sampling conducted in central Taiwan. Questionnaires were distributed to the participants of drunk driving and road safety education courses from 17 August to 26 October 2020. All drunk drivers whose driver’s licenses are revoked for drunk driving are mandated to participate in this course. Prior to the survey, the researchers explained the questionnaires, instructed the participants to complete the questionnaires, and then collected all the questionnaires. The socioeconomic characteristics of drunk drivers, awareness of alcohol interlocks and drunk driving, drinking patterns and health self-assessment before and after drunk driving ban enforcement, and changes in the number of trips were investigated. This study applied the double-hurdle model for data analysis to estimate the variables affecting drunk car/motorbike drivers. Results indicate that the respondents who were classified by the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test as high-risk drinkers before and after drunk driving ban enforcement were more willing to use alcohol interlocks and to pay higher prices. Additionally, the respondents with declined health self-assessments were also more willing to use alcohol interlocks and pay higher prices. This study suggests offering subsidies for alcohol interlocks to families with financial difficulties, in order to increase the alcohol interlock installation rate. Moreover, since the current duration of license suspension and withdrawal is considerably long, drunk drivers avoid using and installing alcohol interlocks by reducing the number of trips. In other words, the willingness to install alcohol interlocks may be increased by reducing the duration of license suspension and withdrawal. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tobacco and Alcohol and Its Related Diseases and or Injuries)

Open AccessArticle

Alcohol Drinking Pattern and Risk of Head and Neck Cancer: A Nationwide Cohort Study

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Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(21), 11204; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111204 - 25 Oct 2021

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1799

Abstract

Alcohol consumption is a major risk factor for head and neck cancer (HNC), yet little data exist examining drinking patterns and HNC risk. In this population-based, retrospective cohort study, 11,737,467 subjects were recruited from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. The risks of overall HNC and HNC subtypes according to average alcohol consumption, drinking frequency, and daily amount were examined using Cox proportional hazard models. Over the median follow-up of 6.4 years, 15,832 HNC cases were identified. HNC risk linearly increased with drinking frequency (p-trend < 0.01; adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.45–1.67 in subjects who drank 7 days/week). HNC risk also increased according to daily amount of alcohol consumption (p-trend < 0.01), but plateaued from 5–7 units/occasion (aHR 1.25, 95% CI 1.19–1.31) to >14 units/occasion (aHR 1.26, 95% CI 1.13–1.40). When stratified by average alcohol consumption, drinking frequency, but not daily amount, showed a linear relationship with HNC risk in moderate and heavy drinkers. When comparing the HNC subtypes, similar tendencies were observed in cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx, but not in the salivary gland. In conclusion, drinking frequency is a stronger risk factor for HNC, especially for cancer of the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx, than the daily amount of alcohol consumption. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tobacco and Alcohol and Its Related Diseases and or Injuries)

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Open AccessArticle

Changes in Tobacco Use Patterns during COVID-19 and Their Correlates among Older Adults in Bangladesh

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Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(4), 1779; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041779 - 12 Feb 2021

Cited by 16 | Viewed by 3155

Abstract

The present study explored the changes in tobacco use patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic and their correlates among older adults in Bangladesh. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 1032 older adults aged ≥60 years in Bangladesh through telephone interviews in October 2020. Participants’ characteristics and COVID-19-related information were gathered using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire. Participants were asked if they noted any change in their tobacco use patterns (smoking or smokeless tobacco) during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to pre-pandemic (6 months prior to the survey). Nearly half of the participants (45.6%) were current tobacco users, of whom 15.9% reported increased tobacco use during the COVID-19 pandemic and all others had no change in their tobacco use patterns. Tobacco use was significantly increased among the participants from rural areas, who had reduced communications during COVID-19 compared to pre-pandemic (OR = 2.76, 95%CI:1.51–5.03). Participants who were aged ≥70 years (OR = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.14–0.77), widowed (OR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.13–1.00), had pre-existing, non-communicable, and/or chronic conditions (OR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.25–0.78), and felt themselves at the highest risk of COVID-19 (OR = 0.31, 95% CI: 0.15–0.62), had significantly lower odds of increased tobacco use. Policy makers and practitioners need to focus on strengthening awareness and raising initiatives to avoid tobacco use during such a crisis period. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tobacco and Alcohol and Its Related Diseases and or Injuries)

Review

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Open AccessReview

Delayed Tibial Shaft Fracture Healing Associated with Smoking: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies Conducted Worldwide

Akanksha Mahajan

Narinder Kumar

and

Bhawna Gupta

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(19), 10228; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910228 - 28 Sep 2021

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1468

Abstract

Tibial fractures represent a great burden of disease globally, being the most common long-bone fracture; smoking is a known risk factor for delayed skeletal healing and post-fracture complications. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to analyse the effect of smoking on healing of tibial shaft fractures. PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched from inception to March 2021, with no limitation on language, to find relevant research. All observational studies that assessed the association between cigarette smoking and tibial shaft fracture healing in adults (≥18 years) were included. The quality of studies was evaluated using the Newcastle Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. A random effects model was used to conduct meta-analysis. Tobacco smoking was associated with an increased rate of non-union and delayed union as well as an increase in time to union in fractures of the tibial shaft. Among the 12 included studies, eight reported an increased rate of non-union, three reported delayed union, and five reported an increase in time to union. However, the results were statistically significant in only three studies for non-union, one for delayed union, and two studies for increased time to union. This review confirms the detrimental impact of smoking on tibial shaft fracture healing and highlights the importance of patient education regarding smoking cessation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tobacco and Alcohol and Its Related Diseases and or Injuries)

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Open AccessCase Report

Madelung’s Disease as an Example of a Metabolic Disease Associated with Alcohol Abuse—Diagnostic Importance of Computed Tomography

and

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(9), 5168; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095168 - 24 Apr 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 944

Abstract

Madelung’s disease is a rare metabolic disorder characterized by a symmetrical accumulation of nonencapsulated adipose tissue deposits, mainly around the head, neck and shoulders. Fat deposits can grow and put pressure on other organs causing a variety of symptoms, inter alia, dysphagia, breathing difficulties, neck stiffness and headache. Madelung’s disease is often accompanied by other disorders such as diabetes, hypertension, hypothyroidism, or liver disease. In addition to somatic issues, mental health problems may also develop causing social exclusion and depression. Middle-aged men with a history of alcohol abuse are the most commonly affected. Various imaging techniques, including computed tomography (CT), are helpful in stating the diagnosis. This paper presents a case of a 33-year-old man with extensive adipose tissue overgrowth around neck and chest. CT-enhanced scans with multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) and volume rendering technique (VRT) reconstruction are also included. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tobacco and Alcohol and Its Related Diseases and or Injuries)

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