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GeoHazards
Special Issues
Active Faulting and Seismicity—2nd Edition
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Active Faulting and Seismicity—2nd Edition

A special issue of GeoHazards (ISSN 2624-795X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2026 | Viewed by 2939

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Dimitrios Papanikolaou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Geology and Geoenvironment, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli Zografou, 15784 Athens, Greece
Interests: tectonics; geodynamics; natural disasters; marine geodynamics; crustal deformation combining on-shore and off-shore structures
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The relationship between active faulting and seismicity has been investigated mainly since the 1980s, when large earthquakes of magnitude >6 re-activated neotectonic faults with measurable displacements on the fault planes. Soon after, empirical relationships were elaborated between the earthquake magnitude and the fault length or the fault throw. Several dating techniques, such as trenching, Cl36 dating, etc., have resulted in the estimation of throw rate or slip rate on each fault. The correlation of slip rates with uplift/subsidence rates, erosion rates and GPS rates have increased our understanding of the overall active deformation of a region. A parallel process has been developed for active faulting and seismicity offshore with different techniques, combining detailed digital bathymetric data and litho-seismic profiles. Thus, the basic parameters of fault length, fault throw and their impact on seabed morphology have been determined. The dating of off-shore faults, either by drilling or by the sedimentation rates obtained from shallow coring, resulted in the estimation of slip rates. However, the study of active faulting in areas combining on-shore and off-shore faults is not common in the literature, as the two groups (terrestrial and marine) usually work and collaborate separately.

This Special Issue aims to bring the two groups of experts on active faulting and seismicity together, and thus, we invite papers on active faulting and seismicity (1) for on-shore areas, (2) for off-shore areas and (3) for areas combining both on-shore and off-shore domains.

Prof. Dr. Dimitrios Papanikolaou
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. GeoHazards is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1000 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • maps of active faults
  • fault throw and slip rate
  • techniques of fault dating
  • seismic history of faults
  • integration of on-shore and off-shore faults
  • growth faulting and slip rate
  • slip rate and uplift/subsidence, erosion, sedimentation, GPS rate
  • seismic activity of marginal faults of basins
  • seismic hazard maps
  • active faulting and focal mechanisms

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 26960 KiB  
Article
The Northern Giona Fault Zone, a Major Active Structure Through Central Greece
by Leonidas Gouliotis and Dimitrios Papanikolaou
GeoHazards 2024, 5(4), 1370-1388; https://doi.org/10.3390/geohazards5040065 - 18 Dec 2024
Viewed by 982
Abstract
The steep northern slopes of Giona Mt in central continental Greece are the result of an E-W normal fault dipping 35–45° to the north, extending from the Mornos River in the west to the village of Gravia in the east. This fault creates [...] Read more.
The steep northern slopes of Giona Mt in central continental Greece are the result of an E-W normal fault dipping 35–45° to the north, extending from the Mornos River in the west to the village of Gravia in the east. This fault creates a significant elevation difference of approximately 1500 m between the northern Giona footwall and the southern Iti hanging wall. The footwall comprises imbricated Mesozoic carbonates of the Parnassos unit, which exhibit large-scale drag folding near and parallel to the fault. The hanging wall comprises deformed sedimentary rocks of the Beotian unit and tectonic klippen of the Eastern Greece unit, forming a southward-tilted neotectonic block with subsidence near the Northern Giona Fault and uplift near the Ypati fault to the north. These two E-W faults represent younger structures disrupting the older NNW-trending tectonic framework. Fault scarps are observed all along the 14 km length of the Northern Giona fault accompanied by cataclastic zones, separating the carbonate formations of the Parnassos Unit from thick scree, slide blocks, boulders and olistholites. Inversion of fault-slip data has shown a mean slip vector of 45°, N004°E, which aligns with the current regional extensional deformation of the area, as confirmed by focal mechanism solutions. Based on the general asymmetry of the alpine units in the hanging wall, we interpret a listric fault geometry at depth using slip-line analysis and we forward modelled a disrupted fault-propagation fold using kinematic trishear algorithms, estimating a total displacement of 6500 m and a throw of approximately 2000 m. Seismic activity in the area of the Northern Giona Fault includes a magnitude 6.1 earthquake in 1852, which caused casualties, rockfalls and extensive damage, as well as a magnitude 5.1 event in 1983. The expected seismic magnitude is deterministically estimated between 6.2 and 6.7, depending on the potential westward continuation of the Northern Giona Fault beyond the Mornos River to the Northern Vardoussia saddle. The seismic hazard zone includes several villages located near the fault, particularly on the hanging wall, where intense landslide activity during seismic events could result in severe damage to regional infrastructure. The neotectonic development of the Northern Giona Fault highlights the importance of extending seismotectonic research into the mountainous regions of central Greece within the alpine formations, beyond the post-orogenic sedimentary basins. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Active Faulting and Seismicity—2nd Edition)
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Review

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20 pages, 10146 KiB  
Review
Earthquake Risk Severity and Urgent Need for Disaster Management in Afghanistan
by Noor Ahmad Akhundzadah
GeoHazards 2025, 6(1), 9; https://doi.org/10.3390/geohazards6010009 - 19 Feb 2025
Viewed by 1200
Abstract
Afghanistan is located on the Eurasian tectonic plate’s edge, a highly seismically active region. It is bordered by the northern boundary of the Indian plate and influenced by the collisional Arabian plate to the south. The Hindu Kush and Pamir Mountains in Afghanistan [...] Read more.
Afghanistan is located on the Eurasian tectonic plate’s edge, a highly seismically active region. It is bordered by the northern boundary of the Indian plate and influenced by the collisional Arabian plate to the south. The Hindu Kush and Pamir Mountains in Afghanistan are part of the western extension of the Himalayan orogeny and have been uplifted and sheared by the convergence of the Indian and Eurasian plates. These tectonic activities have generated numerous active deep faults across the Hindu Kush–Himalayan region, many of which intersect Afghanistan, resulting in frequent high-magnitude earthquakes. This tectonic interaction produces ground shaking of varying intensity, from high to moderate and low, with the epicenters often located in the northeast and extending southwest across the country. This study maps Afghanistan’s tectonic structures, identifying the most active geological faults and regions with heightened seismicity. Historical earthquake data were reviewed, and recent destructive events were incorporated into the national earthquake dataset to improve disaster management strategies. Additionally, the study addresses earthquake hazards related to building and infrastructure design, offering potential solutions and directions to mitigate risks to life and property. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Active Faulting and Seismicity—2nd Edition)
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