Non-Native Species in Forest Ecosystems

A special issue of Forests (ISSN 1999-4907). This special issue belongs to the section "Forest Ecology and Management".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 17 July 2026 | Viewed by 1971

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Ecology and Systematics, Faculty of Biology, University of Athens, 15874 Athens, Greece
Interests: plant ecology and conservation; fire ecology; plant invasions; vegetation dynamics; biodiversity; forest recovery; climate change; dendrochronology
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Guest Editor
Section of Ecology and Systematics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15784 Athens, Greece
Interests: plant biodiversity; phytogeography; plant conservation; biodiversity monitoring and assessment; vegetation ecology; protected areas; alien plants
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Agricultural Sciences, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy
Interests: biological invasion; Mediterranean island biodiversity; plant distribution model; management of invasive alien plants; legislation on biological invasions; pest risk analysis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Forest invasive species are any species that are non-native to a particular forest ecosystem and whose introduction and dissemination causes, or is likely to cause, environmental, economic, and even health impacts (adapted from the FAO, 2015).

Forest invasive species occur in all major taxonomic groups, from micro-organisms to mammals.

Globally, many forest ecosystems are continuously subject to severe outbreaks of invasive species that can have serious environmental and other impacts. The threat of invasive species in forests is increasing with the growth of global trade and the movement of people and goods and can be magnified by climate change, land degradation, and forest fragmentation. Managing invasive species and their pathways, as well as preventing new introductions of species with known invasive potential, requires novel tools and coordinated efforts by many actors at national, regional, and global levels (the FAO and UNEP, 2020; IPBES 2023).

The current Special Issue focuses on the following topics:

  • Research on invasive alien species in forest ecosystems.
  • The management and control of invasive alien species in sustainable forestry.
  • The sustainable use of non-native trees in forestry.
  • The conservation of red-listed tree species.
  • Early warning systems.
  • Legislation and policy on pathways and vectors, transboundary movements.
  • National inventories and checklists of alien species in forest ecosystems.
  • Risk analysis and risk assessments in forest ecosystems.
  • Non-native species distribution modeling in forest ecosystems.
  • Global and regional databases.
  • Awareness raising on forest invasive species.

Prof. Dr. Margarita Arianoutsou
Dr. Ioannis Bazos
Prof. Dr. Giuseppe Brundu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Forests is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • invasive alien species
  • non-native trees
  • forest ecosystems
  • sustainable forestry
  • risk assessment
  • biodiversity conservation
  • policy and legislation

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 2804 KB  
Article
Allelopathy in the Invasive Echinocystis lobata (Michx.) Torr. et A.Gray: Bioassays with Aqueous Extracts of Plant Organs and GC–MS Analysis
by Agnieszka Tatoj, Beata Barabasz-Krasny, Marek Chyc, Anna Kucab, Kinga Kostrakiewicz-Gierałt, Artur Pliszko and Peiman Zandi
Forests 2026, 17(4), 442; https://doi.org/10.3390/f17040442 - 1 Apr 2026
Viewed by 416
Abstract
Prickly cucumber (Echinocystis lobata), originating from eastern North America, exhibits a range of adaptations that enable it to effectively colonize temperate and humid forest environments, among others in Europe. This study examined the allelopathic effects of E. lobata as a factor [...] Read more.
Prickly cucumber (Echinocystis lobata), originating from eastern North America, exhibits a range of adaptations that enable it to effectively colonize temperate and humid forest environments, among others in Europe. This study examined the allelopathic effects of E. lobata as a factor influencing its competitive interactions with other plant species. Laboratory bioassays were conducted to evaluate the effects of aqueous extracts (2.5%, 5%, and 7.5%) obtained from different organs of E. lobata on the germination of grains or seeds and the early growth of seedlings of Festuca arundinacea Schreb. (monocotyledon) and Raphanus sativus L. var. sativus ‘China Rose’ (dicotyledon). Germination percentage, as well as root and shoot growth parameters, were analyzed. In addition, biochemical analyses of E. lobata organs (leaves, stalks, fruits) used in the experiment were performed. Analysis using a combined chromatographic and mass spectrometric technique identified 21 compounds, including secondary metabolites potentially associated with allelopathic activity. Petri dish assays revealed significant inhibition of the germination of grains and seeds and the growth of seedlings of both tested species, depending on the E. lobata organ and extract concentration. The strongest inhibitory effects were generally observed at concentrations of 5% and 7.5%. In conclusion, the biochemical analyses confirmed the clear primary allelopathic potential of E. lobata, which presumably may enhance its competitive ability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Non-Native Species in Forest Ecosystems)
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27 pages, 5028 KB  
Article
Invasion Status, Distribution, and Environmental Preferences of Non-Native Ornamental Thunbergia Species (Acanthaceae) in Ecuador: An Emerging Threat to Tropical Montane Forests
by Ana Reyes-Hernández, Ileana Herrera, Anahí Vargas, Nora H. Oleas, Josue Alvarez and Jordi López-Pujol
Forests 2026, 17(3), 363; https://doi.org/10.3390/f17030363 - 14 Mar 2026
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Abstract
Species of the genus Thunbergia, native to Africa, Asia, and Australia, are widely cultivated as ornamental plants; however, their ability to escape cultivation and establish themselves in novel environments poses a growing threat to tropical forests. Here, we provide the first nationwide [...] Read more.
Species of the genus Thunbergia, native to Africa, Asia, and Australia, are widely cultivated as ornamental plants; however, their ability to escape cultivation and establish themselves in novel environments poses a growing threat to tropical forests. Here, we provide the first nationwide assessment of Thunbergia species occurring in Ecuador, integrating data from citizen science platforms, herbarium collections, and field surveys. We analyzed spatiotemporal patterns of occurrence, evaluated invasion status based on wild persistence and spread, and assessed environmental preferences using climatic niche analyses. Species distributions were further examined across land-cover types, conservation areas, and forest–non-forest interfaces. We confirmed the presence of five Thunbergia species in Ecuador, two of which also occur in the Galapagos Islands. All species were recorded both in cultivation and in the wild, indicating ornamental horticulture as the main introduction pathway for the genus, and occurrences were documented within 24 conservation areas. Thunbergia alata, T. fragrans, and T. grandiflora were categorized as invasive in Ecuador. Among them, T. fragrans exhibited broad environmental tolerance across bioregions. Wild occurrences were predominantly associated with human-modified landscapes but frequently occurred near forest edges, indicating ongoing encroachment into natural forests. These findings highlight the urgent need for preventive and targeted management strategies, particularly against T. alata, which represents an emerging threat to Andean forest ecosystems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Non-Native Species in Forest Ecosystems)
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