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Advanced Control and Management Techniques for Power Converters in Microgrids: 2nd Edition

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "A1: Smart Grids and Microgrids".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 27 January 2026 | Viewed by 1404

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Engineering, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 81031 Aversa, Italy
2. Aeromechs, 81031 Aversa, Italy
Interests: power converter control; sliding mode control; active vibration control; model predictive control; consensus algorithms; electric aircraft; energy management; fuzzy control
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Over the past two decades, significant research efforts have been focused on studying electrical microgrids in the context of energy management and distribution. The growing demand for energy and concerns about climate change have prompted researchers to explore new generation systems, transmission strategies, and energy management. This exploration is happening across various contexts, from urban to aerospace. Microgrids, termed as such, have emerged as conceptual remedies to incorporate various energy source types and electrify remote areas. Microgrids are electrical distribution networks, composed of groupings of converters, loads, and storage systems interconnected via power lines.

Characterized by unpredictable generation, they present a new challenge to safe and efficient operation and control. This highlights the need to develop low-level control algorithms for converters, as well as a high-level supervisor tasked with orchestrating and managing various controllers. This strategy aims to address issues related to distribution, conversion, energy limitation, and management.

Advanced linear and nonlinear control techniques have been developed, primarily focusing on controlling converter switches. Examples include high-gain control, sliding mode control, and families of switched controllers based on Lyapunov function minimization. Additionally, intelligent management techniques such as model predictive control, consensus control, and fuzzy control aid in handling these complex power networks.

Topics of interest for publication include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • DC microgrids;
  • Hybrid microgrids (DC and AC microgrids);
  • Switched systems;
  • Current sharing;
  • Voltage regulation;
  • Uncertain systems;
  • Advanced and robust control of converters;
  • Sliding mode control of converters;
  • High-gain control of converters;
  • Distributed control;
  • Supervisory control;
  • Model predictive control;
  • Consensus control;
  • Fuzzy control.

Dr. Giacomo Canciello
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • DC microgrids
  • hybrid microgrids (DC and AC microgrids)
  • switched systems
  • current sharing
  • voltage regulation
  • uncertain systems
  • advanced and robust control of converters
  • sliding mode control of converters
  • high-gain control of converters
  • distributed control
  • supervisory control
  • model predictive control
  • consensus control
  • fuzzy control

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (3 papers)

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14 pages, 3676 KB  
Article
Efficiency Optimization of a Series-Resonant Dual-Active-Bridge Converter with Voltage-Doubler Rectification
by Yongbo Zhang, Jianhua Lei, Long Jing and Jingdou Liu
Energies 2025, 18(23), 6166; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18236166 - 25 Nov 2025
Viewed by 234
Abstract
This paper investigates a dual-active-bridge (DAB) converter topology based on a voltage-doubler rectifier and series resonant network. By integrating phasor-domain analysis with time-domain modeling, a comprehensive mathematical model of the output voltage and instantaneous inductor current is established. The voltage gain expression is [...] Read more.
This paper investigates a dual-active-bridge (DAB) converter topology based on a voltage-doubler rectifier and series resonant network. By integrating phasor-domain analysis with time-domain modeling, a comprehensive mathematical model of the output voltage and instantaneous inductor current is established. The voltage gain expression is further refined by accounting for the effects of dead-time and power switch output capacitance. Based on this model, a multi-objective global optimization is performed, aiming to minimize reactive power, RMS current, and switch conduction losses, while simultaneously satisfying zero-voltage switching (ZVS) conditions and voltage gain requirements. Leveraging the optimization results, an extended phase-shift control strategy incorporating phase-shift feedforward and frequency closed-loop regulation is proposed. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed topology achieves high efficiency across the entire operating range, with a peak efficiency of 96.92%. The results validate the effectiveness and engineering practicability of both the topology and the control scheme. Full article
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33 pages, 10592 KB  
Article
Enhanced Three-Phase Inverter Control: Robust Sliding Mode Control with Washout Filter for Low Harmonics
by Fredy E. Hoyos, John E. Candelo-Becerra and Alejandro Rincón
Energies 2025, 18(22), 5889; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18225889 - 8 Nov 2025
Viewed by 359
Abstract
This paper presents a robust control strategy for three-phase inverters that combines Sliding Mode Control with a Washout Filter (SMC-w) to achieve low harmonic distortion and high dynamic stability. The proposed approach addresses the critical challenge of maintaining the stability of a high-quality [...] Read more.
This paper presents a robust control strategy for three-phase inverters that combines Sliding Mode Control with a Washout Filter (SMC-w) to achieve low harmonic distortion and high dynamic stability. The proposed approach addresses the critical challenge of maintaining the stability of a high-quality output signal while ensuring robustness against disturbances and adaptability under variable, unbalanced, and nonlinear loads. The proposed hybrid controller integrates the fast response and disturbance rejection capability of SMC with the filtering properties of the washout stage, effectively mitigating low-frequency chattering and steady-state offsets. A detailed stability analysis is provided to ensure the closed-loop convergence of the SMC–w. Simulation results obtained in MATLAB–Simulink demonstrate significant improvements in transient response, total harmonic distortion, and robustness under unbalanced and nonlinear load conditions compared to conventional control methods. The inverter demonstrated rapid tracking of the reference signals with a minimal error margin of 3%, effective frequency regulation with a low steady-state error, and resilience to input disturbances and load variations. For instance, under a load variation from 20 Ω to 5 Ω, the system maintained the output voltage accuracy within a 3% error threshold. In addition, the input perturbations and frequency shifts in the reference signals were effectively rejected, confirming the robustness of the control strategy. Furthermore, the integration of the SMC proved to be highly effective in reducing harmonic distortion and delivering a stable and high-quality sinusoidal output. The integration of the washout filter minimized the chattering phenomenon typically associated with the SMC, further enhancing the smooth response and reliability of the system. This study highlights the potential of SMC–w to optimize power quality and operational stability. This study offers significant insights into the development of advanced inverter systems that can operate in dynamic and challenging environments. Full article
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17 pages, 1147 KB  
Article
Fully Decentralized Sliding Mode Control for Frequency Regulation and Power Sharing in Islanded Microgrids
by Carlos Xavier Rosero, Fredy Rosero and Fausto Tapia
Energies 2025, 18(20), 5495; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18205495 - 18 Oct 2025
Viewed by 474
Abstract
This paper proposes a local sliding mode control (SMC) strategy for frequency regulation and active power sharing in islanded microgrids (MGs). Unlike advanced strategies, either droop-based or droop-free, that rely on inter-inverter communication, the proposed method operates in a fully decentralized manner, using [...] Read more.
This paper proposes a local sliding mode control (SMC) strategy for frequency regulation and active power sharing in islanded microgrids (MGs). Unlike advanced strategies, either droop-based or droop-free, that rely on inter-inverter communication, the proposed method operates in a fully decentralized manner, using only measurements available at each inverter. In addition, it adopts a minimalist structure that avoids adaptive laws and consensus mechanisms, which simplifies implementation. A discontinuous control law is derived to enforce sliding dynamics on a frequency-based surface, ensuring robust behavior in the face of disturbances, such as clock drifts, sudden load variations, and topological reconfigurations. A formal Lyapunov-based analysis is conducted to establish the stability of the closed-loop system under the proposed control law. The method guarantees that steady-state frequency deviations remain bounded and predictable as a function of the controller parameters. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed controller achieves rapid frequency convergence, equitable active power sharing, and sustained stability. Owing to its communication-free design, the proposed strategy is particularly well-suited for MGs operating in rural, isolated, or resource-constrained environments. A comparative evaluation against both conventional droop and communication-based droop-free SMC approaches further highlights the method’s strengths in terms of resilience, implementation simplicity, and practical deployability. Full article
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