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Hydrides and Hydride Systems for Energy–Hydrogen Storage and CO2 Conversion

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "A5: Hydrogen Energy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2022) | Viewed by 11339

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Department of System Development, Institute of Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
2. Department of Advanced of Materials, IREC Catalonia Institute for Energy Research, 08930, Sant Adrià de Besòs, Barcelona, Spain
3. Department of Physicochemistry of Materials, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Centro Atómico Bariloche, Av. Bustillo km 9500, R8402AGP S.C. de Bariloche, Argentina
Interests: Hydrogen; Energy; Storage; Thermodynamics; Kinetics; Catalysis; Hydrides; CO2 Conversion; Synthetic fuels; 3D-Printing; Finite Element Calculations; Modeling; Nanotechnology
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Hydrogen is considered the most efficient and clean option to replace the fossil fuel-based energy vectors. Nowadays, the implementation of hydrogen technology is becoming a reality. However, there are still several technological bottlenecks to be addressed. One of them is the storage of hydrogen either for mobile or stationary applications. Many efforts have been made to develop safe and efficient hydrogen storage systems, and mainly to gain more volumetric storage capacity. In this regard, hydrides play a crucial role since they can store hydrogen in solid-state. Therefore, the formation of hydride compounds notably increases the hydrogen density, in comparison to physically storing hydrogen as a liquid under cryogenic temperatures or as a gas under high pressure.
The storage of energy through the formation/decomposition hydride compounds is also feasible owing to the exothermic/endothermic nature of the reactions, respectively. Hence, this feature can also be applied to increase the energy efficiency of the current fossil fuel-based technology or to develop novel energy storage systems.
As a consequence of our fossil fuel-based economy, the greenhouse effect has been causing notable changes in the world’s climate owing to the constant increase of the global temperature. One of the most problematic greenhouse gasses is CO2. For this reason, intensive research has been done on materials and systems for the reduction and conversion of CO2. In the frame of the Power-to-Gas and Power-to-Liquid technology, hydride compounds and systems offer an attractive technological option to reduce and convert CO2 into synthetic fuels via a catalytic process acting as active sites for the reaction and providing the hydrogen in situ.
This Special Issue aims to cover novel research works in the field of hydrogen and energy storage through hydride and hydride systems, as well as the application of hydride compounds for CO2 reduction and conversion.
We invite submissions from authors who further develop hydride systems for the above-mentioned applications, including different aspects of the research work such as synthesis, characterization, evaluation of hydride materials and systems, as well as theoretical studies or their combination thereof.

Dr. Julián A. Puszkiel
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Hydrogen Storage
  • Energy Storage
  • Interstitial Hydrides
  • Binary Hydrides
  • Complex Hydrides
  • Reactive Hydride Systems
  • CO2 Conversion
  • CO2 Reduction
  • Thermodynamics
  • Kinetics
  • Numerical Modeling
  • Synthesis
  • Characterization
  • Synchrotron Techniques
  • Nanotechnology

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 2890 KiB  
Article
A Novel Emergency Gas-to-Power System Based on an Efficient and Long-Lasting Solid-State Hydride Storage System: Modeling and Experimental Validation
by David Michael Dreistadt, Julián Puszkiel, José Maria Bellosta von Colbe, Giovanni Capurso, Gerd Steinebach, Stefanie Meilinger, Thi-Thu Le, Myriam Covarrubias Guarneros, Thomas Klassen and Julian Jepsen
Energies 2022, 15(3), 844; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15030844 - 24 Jan 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 4267
Abstract
In this paper, a gas-to-power (GtoP) system for power outages is digitally modeled and experimentally developed. The design includes a solid-state hydrogen storage system composed of TiFeMn as a hydride forming alloy (6.7 kg of alloy in five tanks) and an air-cooled fuel [...] Read more.
In this paper, a gas-to-power (GtoP) system for power outages is digitally modeled and experimentally developed. The design includes a solid-state hydrogen storage system composed of TiFeMn as a hydride forming alloy (6.7 kg of alloy in five tanks) and an air-cooled fuel cell (maximum power: 1.6 kW). The hydrogen storage system is charged under room temperature and 40 bar of hydrogen pressure, reaching about 110 g of hydrogen capacity. In an emergency use case of the system, hydrogen is supplied to the fuel cell, and the waste heat coming from the exhaust air of the fuel cell is used for the endothermic dehydrogenation reaction of the metal hydride. This GtoP system demonstrates fast, stable, and reliable responses, providing from 149 W to 596 W under different constant as well as dynamic conditions. A comprehensive and novel simulation approach based on a network model is also applied. The developed model is validated under static and dynamic power load scenarios, demonstrating excellent agreement with the experimental results. Full article
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16 pages, 4129 KiB  
Article
Enhanced Hydrogen Storage Properties of Li-RHC System with In-House Synthesized AlTi3 Nanoparticles
by Thi-Thu Le, Claudio Pistidda, Julián Puszkiel, María Victoria Castro Riglos, David Michael Dreistadt, Thomas Klassen and Martin Dornheim
Energies 2021, 14(23), 7853; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14237853 - 23 Nov 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2217
Abstract
In recent years, the use of selected additives for improving the kinetic behavior of the system 2LiH + MgB2 (Li-RHC) has been investigated. As a result, it has been reported that some additives (e.g., 3TiCl3·AlCl3), by reacting with [...] Read more.
In recent years, the use of selected additives for improving the kinetic behavior of the system 2LiH + MgB2 (Li-RHC) has been investigated. As a result, it has been reported that some additives (e.g., 3TiCl3·AlCl3), by reacting with the Li-RHC components, form nanostructured phases (e.g., AlTi3) possessing peculiar microstructural properties capable of enhancing the system’s kinetic behavior. The effect of in-house-produced AlTi3 nanoparticles on the hydrogenation/dehydrogenation kinetics of the 2LiH + MgB2 (Li-RHC) system is explored in this work, with the aim of reaching high hydrogen storage performance. Experimental results show that the AlTi3 nanoparticles significantly improve the reaction rate of the Li-RHC system, mainly for the dehydrogenation process. The observed improvement is most likely due to the similar structural properties between AlTi3 and MgB2 phases which provide an energetically favored path for the nucleation of MgB2. In comparison with the pristine material, the Li-RHC doped with AlTi3 nanoparticles has about a nine times faster dehydrogenation rate. The results obtained from the kinetic modeling indicate a change in the Li-RHC hydrogenation reaction mechanism in the presence of AlTi3 nanoparticles. Full article
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11 pages, 4911 KiB  
Article
Effects of the Chromium Content in (TiVNb)100−xCrx Body-Centered Cubic High Entropy Alloys Designed for Hydrogen Storage Applications
by Renato Belli Strozi, Daniel Rodrigo Leiva, Guilherme Zepon, Walter José Botta and Jacques Huot
Energies 2021, 14(11), 3068; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14113068 - 25 May 2021
Cited by 44 | Viewed by 3671
Abstract
In this paper, we report an investigation of adding a non-hydride forming element in the multicomponent Ti-V-Nb-M system. By the Calculation of Phase Diagrams approach (CALPHAD), the thermodynamic phase stability of the TiVNbT (T = Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni) was investigated, [...] Read more.
In this paper, we report an investigation of adding a non-hydride forming element in the multicomponent Ti-V-Nb-M system. By the Calculation of Phase Diagrams approach (CALPHAD), the thermodynamic phase stability of the TiVNbT (T = Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni) was investigated, and Cr was selected as the fourth alloying element due its high tendency to stabilize body-centered cubic solid solutions (BCC). The (TiVNb)100−xCrx alloys (with x = 15, 25, and 35 at.% Cr) were synthesized by arc-melting. The structural characterization reveals that the three alloys were composed of a major BCC phase, which agrees with the thermodynamic calculations. The three alloys absorb hydrogen at room temperature without any activation treatment, achieving a hydrogen uptake of about H/M = 2. The Pressure-Composition-Isotherms curves (PCI) has shown that increasing the Cr amount increases the equilibrium pressures, indicating that tunable H storage properties can be achieved by controlling the alloys’ Cr content. Full article
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